• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.863-870
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of kimchi with Allium hookeri powder (AHP) added during eight weeks fermentation at $4^{\circ}C$. AHP was added to salted cabbage at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1, and 5% (w/w). The quality characteristics of the AHR-added kimchi were determined by measuring pH, acidity, salinity, reducing sugar, microbial amounts, and sensory properties. The vitamin $B_1$ and vitamin C contents of the Allium hookeri root were 0.04 mg/100 g and 5.76 mg/100 g, respectively. As for the mineral contents, the K content was highest, followed by the Ca, Mg, and Fe contents. The pH was higher in the kimchi with 0.1%, 1%, and 5% AHP than in the kimchi without AHP during the eight-week fermentation. The salinity ranged from 2.02% to 2.37% over the eight weeks. The microbial cells and lactobacilli increased rapidly throughout the fermentation in the exponential phase and hardly increased in the stationary phase. In the sensory evaluations, the overall acceptance, taste, and texture of the kimchi with 1% AHP added were highest. In conclusion, the kimchi with 0.1%, 1%, and 5% AHP generally showed better quality than the kimchi without AHP. Especially, the kimchi with 1% AHP had the best scores in quality and overall acceptance during the fermentation.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1991

Total soluble proteins from three developmental stages of induced root nodules of Canavalia lineata were compared with those of non-nodulated roots by SDS-PAGE and two dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Thirteen nodule-specific protein (nodulin) bands were identified by the former and 30 nodule specific protein spots were detected by the latter method respectively. Some of the nodulins were detected differentially depending on the nodule's developmental stages. For example, only three leghemoglobin (Lb)-like protein spots appeared at stage I (d<2 mm), but two additional Lb-like protein spots appeared at stage II (d <4-5 mm). pI value and molecular weight of nomomers of Lb-like protein were narrower and greater than those of soybean, ranging from 4.4 to 5.0 and 15.7 kd respectively. Northern blot hybridization of total RNAs from roots and root nodules using soybean Lb cDNA as a probe made it clear that Lb gene was expressed tissue-specifically only in the root nodules.odules.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2005

We review three methods of separating soil respiration into root and soil microbial contribution: (1) component integration, (2) root exclusion, and (3) isotopic method. Among these methods, component integration and root exclusion are most commonly used. Root respiration contribution to soil respiration estimated by the root exclusion method is higher than those by other two methods. Trenching has little environmental disturbances in soil or on surface of site compared to other methods in root exclusion such as root removal and gap formation. Isotopic method has an advantage over other methods because of minimal soil and root disturbances, but this method is costly and requires techniques for the complex analysis. Trenching seems to be an appropriate in situ method for calculating component contributions to soil respiration with minimum disturbances in site. However, the method overestimates the contribution of microbial respiration because of root decay, and realistic results could be obtained by estimating root decay or avoiding large roots in trenched plots.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.51-66
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• 1991

In the stability analysis of hillside slopes, the roots of vegetation have been considered to act as a soil reinforcement. In order to predict the amount of increase in soil shear resistance, produced by tensile strength of roots that intersect a potential slip surface in hillside slopes, new soil -root interaction models are proposed in this paper. For this purpose, firstly, laboratary teats and in-situ tests wert performed on soil-root systems, and experimental results were compared with a couple of soil-root interaction models which had been proposed by Gray, Waldron, and Wu etc. Based on this comparison, a new soil-root interaction model is proposed. Secondly, a probabilistic soil-root model is proposed based on statistical analysis considering random nature of root distribution, root characteristics, and soil-root interactions. Finally, to examine the effect of this root reinforcement system on stability of hillside slopes, a simple three-dimensional stability analysis was performed, and it was shown that root reinforcement had a significant stabilizing influence on shallow slips rather than deep slips in hillside slopes.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2002

Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae(Fitch), is a destructive grape insect pest because it forms root galls and kills the plant by directly destroying root system. The effects of insecticide treatments were examined to establish the chemical control system of phylloxera, and the damage by this insect was investigated in grapevine yards. The treatments of 40kg carbofuran 3GR per ha and carbosulfan 20WP of 10$\ell$ (1,000$\times$) per tree successfully reduced phylloxera densities. After the insecticide treatments in early season, the phylloxera population rebuilt up again at harvest season. In a grapevine yard where two times of carbofuran treatment (mid-May and post-harvest treatment) were applied a year from 1998 to 2000, total yield per ha in 2000 showed an increase of 30% over that of 1998. But the yield in 2000 was low 20% compared to the average standard yield of Korean grapevine yards. In a grapevine yard without chemical treatment during the same years, total yield per ha in 2000 showed 53% reduction compared to that of 1998. Also, damaged vines by phylloxera abruptly increased from 3% in 1998 to 50% in 2000.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.3 s.144
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• pp.339-346
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• 2006

Total 90 species of medicinal plants were surveyed to see if they have any suppressive effects on the dinsity of M hapla at the exhibition field in the Chinan medicinal herbs experiment station. In 70 species including Achyranthes japonica, root-knot and/or egg sac of M. hapla was not found and these plants were planted in C. lanceolata field to check the degree of M. hapla infection. In 26 species including A. japonica, M. hapla infection was not observed. Simultaneously, 30 species were planted in pots to find out degree of infection by M. hapla. Dianthus chinensis, Rudbeckia bicolor, Sedum kantschaticum, Ricinus communis, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Malva verticillate, Chelidonium majus, Sesamum indicum, Agrimonia pilosa, Geum aleppicum, Sanguisorba officinalis and Scrophularia buergeriana were free from infection. While the number of galls and density of M. hapla in soil were higher to high innoculation density, and the growth of C. lanceolata was rower.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2000

This study has been carried out to investigate the chemical composition of Acorus calamus L., a wild plant (Chang Po) which has long been used as a medicine or a hair rinse in Korea and China. Potassium was found to be the most predominant mineral in leaf and root, followed by calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, in a decreasing order. Contents of potassium in leaf and root account for 54a.65 mg% and 242.87 mg%, respectively. Contents of these minerals in leaf were higher value than that in root. Glucose and fructose were found to be the major free sugars in leaf and root. Malic acid was the most abundant organic acid of leaf and root, and followed by citric acid. Fourteen different kinds of fatty acids were identified from the leaf and root. Content of unsaturated fatty acids. such as linolenic, and linoleic acid ware higher than that of saturated fatty acids. Content of total amino acids was 3 times higher in leaf than that in root. Leucine was the major amino acid in leaf and glutamic acid in root.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.147-149
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• 2008

현재 칡은 잎, 줄기, 뿌리를 이용해 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 칡의 줄기를 이용해 삼태기, 광주리, 바구니 등을 제작하고, 꽃으로는 갈화라하여 식욕부진, 구토, 장출혈, 술 중독 등에 처방하고 있다. 그 중 뿌리는 고열, 두통, 고혈압, 주독, 설사 등에 효과가 있어 뿌리를 달여 칡차로서 많이 음용되고 있다. 하지만 뿌리의 즙을 짜고 남은 칡뿌리 섬유의 잔사는 식물성 섬유소로서 현재 대부분 폐기되거나 일부 양축 농가에서 사료의 증량제로 활용되고 있는 실정이다. 매년 1,000톤이상의 칡뿌리 생산량 중 잔사가 600톤 이상 된다. 이 잔사를 이용해 펄프를 만들고 필름을 만들어 나아가 섬유를 만듬으로써 친환경적인 섬유로써의 가능성을 살펴보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.457-463
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• 2009

식생만으로 제방을 보호하는 식생호안이 충분한 수리적 안정성을 확보할 수 있으면 생태적 건전성을 확보할 수 있음은 물론 호안을 건설하는 비용을 절감할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 필요성에 따라 식생의 뿌리가 호안의 수리적 안정에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 하천의 수변부에 서식하는 초본식생에 대하여 식생이 외력에 저항하는 저항특성을 파악하고자 인발시험을 실시하였다. 식생의 뿌리는 외력으로 작용하는 하천수의 흐름에 대해 저항하고, 하천사면의 토양을 조정시켜 사면을 안정화시키는 역할을 하고 있다. 현장인발시험은 광주광역시 황룡강 및 광주천 일대의 4개 지역에서 총 6종 27개 개체에 대해 수행하였으며, 휴대용 Pushpull-Gauge를 이용하여 식생의 뿌리가 뽑힐 때까지의 최대인발력을 측정하였다. 측정된 최대인발력에서 토양의 무게를 제거한 뿌리만의 순수인발력을 산출하였으며, 이를 이용하여 인발강도를 계산하였다. 인발강도에 영향을 미치는 요소로서 식생뿌리체적을 선정하여 체적과 인발강도의 관계를 분석하였다. 분석결과 뿌리의 체적이 증가할수록 인발강도가 비례적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.98.2-98.2
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• 2016

뿌리기술은 제조기술의 근본이 되는 주조, 금형, 소성가공, 용접, 열처리 그리고 표면처리기술로 소재를 가공하여 제품을 제작하는 기초기술입니다. 국내 뿌리기업의 경쟁력을 제고하기 위해서 기획된 '17년 첨단뿌리기술 분야의 산업기술에 대한 정부의 R&BD 전략을 소개할 예정이오니 뿌리기술과 관련된 기업, 학교, 연구기관의 기술개발 계획수립에 활용하시기 바랍니다.