• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1173-1179
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• 2012

In this paper, collision avoidance beamforming(CA-BF) technology is proposed to mitigate inter-cell interference in cooperative wireless communications system with limited feedback. Each acess terminal(AT) selects both the best BF weight vector for a serving base transceiver station(BTS) and the most interfering BF weight vectors of interfering BTSs within a cluster, and sends it back to a cluster scheduler. At the cluster scheduler, a set of transmit BF weights of BTSs and the corresponding scheduled ATs are jointly determined to avoid collision among beams formed by BTSs within a cluster, which enhances system throughput by mitigating inter-cell interference. It is shown that the proposed CA-BF outperforms existing non-coordinated BF schemes in terms of the average system throughput.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.81-86
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• 2004

Hybrid beamformer composed of Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) based scheme followed by Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) is proposed to overcome the degradation due to inaccurate channel estimation caused by insufficient pilot power, which happens in conventional Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) reverse link. The proposed scheme could provide more accurate channel estimation and interference reduction at the expense of diversity gam in the spatially correlated SIMO channel. As a result, hybrid scheme outperforms conventional MRC beamformer for six or more antennas in the channel environment, in which Angle-of-Spread (AOS) is within 30$^{\circ}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.243-243
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• 2004

상용화된 주사식 전자현미경(SEM)을 기본 구조로 하는 가공 시스템을 구축하여 전자빔(Electron beam)을 이용한 초미세 패턴(Nano pattern) 등 형상의 직접 성형, 혹은 직접 묘화(Direct writing) 가공을 수행하기 위해서는 크게 분류하여 연속적으로 스캐닝되는 전자빔을 요구에 따라 적절하게 극히 짧은 시간 내에 개폐하는 빔 블랭커(Beam blanker)와 효율적으로 초미세 패턴 등의 형상을 설계ㆍ가공하기 위한 전용 S/W의 두 가지 요소가 반드시 적용되어야 한다.(중략)

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1194-1199
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• 2010

In this paper, for a relay-based cellular network, a interference avoidance beamforming technique is proposed to enhance direct link capacity while minimizing loss in the capacity of concurrent relaying link. A direct link is transmitted by beamforming at the transmitter, and the relaying link with the least interference to the direct link is scheduled to transmit data by a collision avoidance scheduling algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed IA beamforming provides a considerable direct link capacity enhancement while minimizing relaying link capacity loss by effectively mitigating inference between concurrent direct and relaying links only with limited feedback.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.421-424
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 이동통신 기지국 안테나용 빔 성형 시뮬레이터를 개발하고 그 응용 예를 통하여 실용성을 검증하였다. 즉, 본 논문의 목적은 IMT-2000 기지국용 디지털 빔성형 시스템을 위한 시뮬레이터를 개발하여 운용함으로써 인력, 자금 및 시간을 절약할 수 있도록 하는데 있다. 이렇게 개발된 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 다중경로 페이딩 환경 하에서 모의실험을 수행한 결과를 통하여 개발된 시뮬레이터의 유용성을 입증하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2003

This paper is concerned with the design of the beam forming module that is a key unit of the active phased array antenna(APAA) system for mobile satellite communications. This module includes two blocks for main signal and tracking signal. Main signal block has the role of transmitting input signal from phased array antenna to tracking signal block. And, tracking signal block executes main roles, beam forming of tracking signal and electronic beam control. The several electrical performances of this module, phase characteristics and linear gain, etc., agreed with specifications needed fur APAA, and for more clear verification of the performances, the satellite communication test of the APAA including the modules was accomplished in the outdoors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.34-42
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• 2010

The DOA(direction of arrival), which is based on parametric and nonparametric estimation algorithm, and adaptive beamforming algorithm for mobile communication environments are researched and analyzed. In parametric estimation algorithm, eigenvalues of the signal component and the noise component are obtained from correlation matrix of received signal by array antenna and power spectrum of the received signal is discriminated from them. Otherwise, in nonparametric estimation algorithm, we minimize a regularized objective function for finding a estimate of the signal energy as a function of angle, using nonquadratic norm which leads to supper resolution and noise suppression. And then, DOA is estimated by the signal and noise spatial steering vector, and adaptive beam-forming pattern is improved by weight vectors obtained from the spatial vector. Therefore, the improved directional estimation algorithm with regularizing sparsity constraints offers super-resolution and noise suppression compared to other algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2777-2784
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• 2011

In this paper, DOA(direction of arrival) of multiple incident signals received from linear array antenna and circular array antenna, which is based on nonparametric estimation algorithm, and adaptive beam-forming algorithm are studied and analyzed. In nonparametric estimation algorithm, we minimize a regularized objective function for finding a estimate of the signal energy as a function of angle, using nonquadratic norm which leads to supper resolution and noise suppression. And then, DOA is estimated by the signal and noise spatial steering vector, and adaptive beam-forming pattern is improved by weight vectors obtained from the spatial vector. Especially, the discrimination ability of DOA and the adaptive beam-forming ability according to antenna array methods and the number of array elements are compared and considered.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.7A
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• pp.1152-1161
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 이동국 수신 신호의 SINR을 최대화하는 빔 성형 알고리듬을 이용하여, 폐쇄 루프 송신 빔 성형기술을 적용한 순방향 링크 CDMA 시스템에서의 안테나 수, 귀환 채널의 구조, 귀환 지연 등과 시스템 성능과의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 폐쇄 루프 전송 빔 성형에서는 이동국이 각 안테나가 겪는 채널을 추정하여 수신 SINR을 최대화시키는 가중치 벡터를 계산하고, 귀환채널을 통해 가중치 벡터의 양자화된 진폭과 위상정보를 전송한다. 컴퓨터 모의 실험 결과는 송신 안테나가 2개, 3개, 4개로 늘어남에 따라 빔 성형 이득은 단일 송신 안테나와 비교해 $10^{-5}$ BER 근방에서 4.2dB, 5.8dB, 7dB로 증가하지만 양자화 오류에 의한 성능 저하 또한 0.1dB, 0.6dB, 1.3dB로 커지는 것을 보여준다. 또한 순방향 채널의 최대 도플러 주파수가 100Hz일 때에는 귀환 채널을 통한 소신 가중치 벡터를 보다 빠르게 갱신하는 것이 가중치 벡터의 양자화 레벨의 수를 늘여주는 것보다 $10^{-5}$ BER 근방에서 0.6dB 더 좋은 성능을 보이며, 최대 도플러 주파수가 10Hz일 때에는 가중치 벡터의 갱신 속도를 늘이기 보다 양자화 레벨의 수를 늘여주어 정확한 가중치 벡터를 전송하는 편이 0.9dB의 성능 향상을 보인다. 두 전력제어 그룹 길이의 귀환지연으로 인한 성능저하는 채널의 최대 도플러 주파수가 50Hz인 경우가 채널의 최대 도플러 주파수가 100Hz인 경우보다 $10^{-5}$ BER 근방에서 0.3dB 정도 더 작다. 또한 AOS가 3$^{\circ}$인 경우가 AOS가 $10^{\circ}$인 경우보다 $10^{-5}$ BER 근방에서 1.9dB 정도, 주파수 선택적 페이딩 채널이 주파수 비선택적 페이딩 채널보다 $10^{-5}$ BER 근방에서 1dB 정도 귀환 지연으로 인한 성능의 저하가 작다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.431-440
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• 2012

In this paper, new beam-forming array antenna is proposed. The proposed beam-forming array antenna has control ability for beam-direction/width by employing low loss reconfigurable power divide and three-dimensional array structure. The reconfigurable power divider is key idea in the proposed antenna, because it has reconfigurable RF power distribution ability to each antenna. And, for research and verification of the proposed antenna, 3-dimensional beam-forming array antenna is implemented, and the experimental results show that the proposed antenna has various radiation modes from 1:1 to 1:N by adjusting RF power distribution.