• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.305-313
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• 2000

To determine detection capabilities of locating steel bars and delamination inside concrete, commercially available nondestructive testing (NDT) equipments have been tested. The equipments include two radar systems and two electromagnetic method systems. The inclusions are a 19 mm diameter steel bar and 50 mm thick delamination embedded at different cover depths from the surface of concrete specimens. For the steel bar, attempts were made to determine the size of the bars by changing the diameter of the bars. A sample result of measuring horizontal spacing between doubly reinforced bars is presented in this paper. Experimental results on various measurement cases are discussed. Application of numerical modeling technique for the simulation of radar measurements and improved output display of radar measurements are also presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.202-202
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• 2016

API X-80강재의 수소유기균열(HIC)현상을 비파괴적으로 평가하는 장치를 구축하고 금상학적 평가를 수행하였다. 시편은 열간 압연된 API X-80강재이며 평균입도는 약 $1.76-1.99{\mu}m$ 이었다. 압연재의 금상학적 집합조직은 (110)극점은 ND방향에 평행, (100)극점은 TD방향으로 약 $30^{\circ}$, TD방향으로부터 RD방향으로 약 $45^{\circ}$ 기울어져 있으며, (211)면은 RD방향에 수직인 면으로부터 TD방향으로 약 $35^{\circ}$ 기울어져서 있었다. Pin-on-disk형 마모시험기를 이용한 상온 평균 마찰계수는 0.745였으며 마모손실은 0.0196 mm/min 이었다. 3축 제어 초음파 비파괴 검사 장비는 표면으로부터 약 3mm 깊이의 1 mm 크기의 모의 균열을 탐촉자가 10 mm 접근하면 검출이 가능하였다. HIC시험분위기(NACE-standard TM 0248)에 1일 이상 장입하면 초음파비파괴검사장비로 측정될 수 있는 마이크로미터크기의 균열을 측정할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.167-175
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• 2007

The relations between data from test methods and conditions in structural elements are considered. NDE(Nondestructive Evaluation) methods are joint application of a test and a basis for interpretation of data obtained in the test. Correct assessments of conditions of elements depend on the inaccuracy and variability in the test data and on the uncertainty of correlations between attributes(what is measured) and conditions(what is sought in the inspection). A full description of the performance of NDE methods considers the relation of test data to condition of elements. The quality of the test data itself is important, but equally important is the interpretation that occurs after the test. To make the decision of the performance of NDE methods, this paper presents mathematical basis to measure the reliability of NDE methods.

• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.8 no.3 s.29
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• pp.52-54
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.5 s.57
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• pp.101-108
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• 2009

Mathematical basis of interpretation of data from nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods in condition assessment of structures is presented. In structural inspection with NDE methods, NDE data are not directly used for the condition assessment. Instead, NDE data must be interpreted as condition of inspected element. Correct assessments of conditions depend on many factors such as the inaccuracy and the variability in NDE measurements and the uncertainty in correlation between attributes (what is measured) and conditions (what is sought in the inspection). A full description of the performance of NDE methods considers the relation of test data to conditions of elements. The quality of the test itself is important, but equally important is the interpretation that occurs after the test. The effects of variability in test data and uncertainty in correlations of attributes and conditions are presented in three examples of field testing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.244-249
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• 1995

Infrared(IR) thermography method was developed as a result of an investigation into a means of deriving a more visual method of temperature analysis. It recently provides an excellant nondestructive testing(NDT) technique in a variety of industries such as nuclear power plant, fossil plants, etc.. This paper offers a basic principles of infrared radiation, the nature of instruments used for measurement and the applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.525-531
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• 2004

In this paper, the concept of infrared thermography(IRT), the principle of measurement of IRT and how to set up the IR camera for the nondestructive testing are described in detail. Also, its utilization and non-destructive testing(NDT) diagnosis are reviewed. By performing the periodic non-touched WDT through the estimation of thermal patterns related with the temperature for the surface targeted, IRT can be applied to the early prevention of the device failure. For the diagnosis utilization, thermal imaging patterns obtained from IRT for heated blocks with internal defects were estimated through the lion-destructive method and discussed the way of IRT estimation from the analysis of characteristics between material defects and thermal imaging patterns.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2010

The damage from the underground termite cannot be discovered with peculiar appearance of building but hollow phenomenon will occur. But there is no case in Korea as a non-destructive measurement of termite activation. Therefore, this research constructs non-destructive diagnostic techniques for wooden cultural properties using microwave detector (Termatrac, Australia). Result of maximun distance were measured 16cm (Pine tree, sensitivity 5, 6), 17cm (Zelkova and Douglas fir, sensitivity 5, 6). These results are expected that can be applied in the field. Result of field test using microwave detector, 33.8% of the wooden cultural properties were damaged by termites, and until now 7.8% (18 buildings) are being damaged in nationwide (total 231 buildings). Based on the above results, microwave detector will be able to be utilized effectively for detecting termite, preventing intrusion in wooden structure, and making full use of monitoring system periodically. In addition, it could be of great worth in preventing insect and microorganism in wooden structure.

• Magazine of the Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.48-59
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• 2013

응력파의 기반한 비파괴 검사법은 비교적 실험 절차 및 실험에 필요한 장비가 단순하고, 인체에 해가 없으며, 비용이 저렴한 특성을 갖고있다. 따라서 건축/토목 구조물의 비파괴 검사에 매우 효과적인 방법으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 기존의 가속도계, 변위계, 지오폰과 같은 부착 센서를 사용할 경우 표면 처리, 센서의 부착 및 이동에 따른 추가적인 시간이 소요되고, 센서와 구조물의 불완전한 커플링으로 인한 측정 결과의 신뢰성 및 일관성을 유지하지 어렵다는 문제를 발생시킨다. 최근 이러한 문제의 해결책으로 Air-coupled sensor (ACS)의 사용이 각광받고 있으며, 여러 연구자들에 의해 ACS의 가능성 및 실용성이 증명되고 있다. 기존의 접촉센서와 비교하여 ACS를 사용했을 때 얻을 수 있는 가장 큰 장점은 센서의 커플링 문제를 근본적으로 해결하여 신뢰도가 높고 일관적인 측정이 가능하고, 대형 건축/토목 구조물의 표면을 음향스캔하여 결과를 신속하게 처리하여 실시간으로 시각화 할 수 있다는 점이다. 이론적으로 ACS를 이용하여 측정하는 물리값은 콘크리트 내부에서 발생된 응력파의 일부가 공기중으로 전파된 누설파 (Leaky wave)이다. 콘크리트 비파괴 검사에 주로 사용하는 100 kHz이하의 저주파를 측정할 경우 일반적으로 콘텐서마이크가 ACS로 사용될 수 있다. 기존 연구자들은 실험 및 이론적 연구를 통하여 응력파에 기반한 비파괴 방법에서 ACS가 기존의 접촉 센서를 대체할 수 있다는 점을 보여주고 있다. 현재 미국에서는 연방 도로청 (FHWA) 및 국가표준기술연구소 (NIST)의 연구비 지원으로 ACS의 실용성을 높이기 위하여 최적화된 음향반사판의 설계를 통한 ACS 의 민감도를 높이기 위한 연구, 다채널 센서 배열 및 데이터 통합을 위한 새로운 알로리즘 개발, 자동화 및 로봇 기술과 융합과 같은 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 멀지 않은 미래에는 ACS를 장착한 무인 로봇이 다양한 종류의 건축/토목 구조물의 건전도를 평가하기 위하여 종횡무진 활약하는 모습을 현실 속에서 볼 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2015

An ultra-precise infrared microscope consisting of a high-resolution infrared objective lens and infrared sensors is utilized successfully to obtain location information on the plane and depth of local heat sources causing defects in a semiconductor device. In this study, multi-layer semiconductor chips are analyzed for the positional information of heat sources by using a lock-in infrared microscope. Optimal conditions such as focal position, integration time, current and lock-in frequency for measuring the accurate depth of the heat sources are studied by lock-in thermography. The location indicated by the results of the depth estimate, according to the change in distance between the infrared objective lens and the specimen is analyzed under these optimal conditions.