• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.139-149
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• 1997

Electrical resistivity monitoring methods were adopted to detect groundwater table change in alluvium. Numerical modelling test using finite element method(FEM) and field resisfivity monitoring were conducted in the study. The field monitoring data were acquired in the alluvium deposit site in Jeong-Dong Ri, Geum River where pumping test had been conducted continuously for 20 days to make artificial changes of groundwater table. The unit distance of the electrode array was 4m and 21 fixed electrodes were applied in numerical calculation and field data acquisition. "Modified Wenner" and dipole-dipole array configurations were used in the study. The models used in two-dimensional numerical test were designed on the basis of the simplifving geological model of the alluvium in Jeong Dong Ri, Geum River. Numerical test results show that the apparent resistivity pseudosections were changed in the vicinity of the pootion where groundwater table was changed. Furthermore, there are some apparent resistivity changes in the boundary between aquifer and crystalline basement rock which overlays the aquifer. The field monitoring data also give similar results which were observed in numerical tests. From the numerical test using FEM and field resistivity monitoring observations in alluvium site of Geum River, the electrical monitoring method is proved to be a useful tool for detecting groundwater behavior including groundwater table change. There are some limitations, however, in the application of the resistivity method only because the change of groundwater table does not give enough variations in the apparent resistivity pseudosections to estimate the amount of groundwater table change. For the improved detection of groundwater table changes, it is desirable to combine the resistivity method with other geophysical methods that reveal the underground image such as high-resolution seismic and/or ground penetrating radar surveys.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.552-556
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• 2003

창원시 대산면 갈전리의 강변여과수 취수지역의 8개의 시추공의 시추지료로부터 파악된 지하지질과 물리탐사자료를 비교하여 둘 간의 연관성을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서는 이미 얻어진 시추공 자료와 비교ㆍ검토하기 위하여 지구물리탐사를 실시하였다. 수행된 지구물리탐사는 쌍극자배열 전기비저항 수평탐사, 슐럼버져법배열 전기비저항 수직탐사, 지하투과레이다탐사이다. 전기비저항 수평탐사에 의하면 저비저항치의 두께는 낙동강변에 가까울수록 두꺼워지는 경향성을 보이고 있다. 전기비저항 수직탐사 결과는 시추자료와 비교적 잘 일치하고 있으며 지표로부터 세립질 모래층, 중립질 모래층, 세립질 모래층의 구분이 수직탐사 결과에서 잘 나타나고 있다. 또한 GPR탐사와 전기비저항 수직탐사 결과에 의하면, 지하수면은 6m 부근에 위치하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2018

According to the development and use of self-consolidating concrete in field, interest in material properties of early-age concrete is rising. Setting time with hydration process of cement is one of significant indicator to evaluate the early-age material properties of concrete, various nondestructive methods including penetration resistance measurement have been proposed to estimate setting time. This study performed an experimental approach to evaluate setting time delay in mortar adding superplasticizer using electrical resistivity measurement. For this purpose, total nine types of mortar samples were prepared, and its electrical resistivity was monitoring during 24h after mixing. From the experimental result, rising time of electrical resistivity was used to evaluate setting delay of mortar, and penetration resistance was also measured for comparison. In addition, dynamic elastic modulus and compressive strength of 1day mortar were measured to investigate a possibility the use of electrical resistivity measurement for evaluation of early-age material properties.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1970

An investigation was carried out to know the relationship between resistance of rice varieties to blast disease and the chemical components, especially total nitrogen and total sugars, in the rice plants. The results sic summarized as follow: 1) The nitrogen contents in the resistant variety were less than those of susceptible one, and sugar contents were reversed. Accordingly, the C/N ratio in the resistant variety was higher than that obtained by susceptible one. 2) The free amino acids contents, especially, Glutamine, Valine, Leusine and Iso-leusine, in the resistant varieties were more than those of the susceptible varieties. 3) The starch synthetic activity of rice leaves in the resistant varieties was higher than that of susceptible one in fructose and glucose solutions, but it was reversed in sucrose solution. 4) When more nitrogen was dressed, the total nitrogen content of rice leaves was increased than the ordinary dressing. The rate of increase in nitrogen content in resistant variety was lower than those of the susceptible. The total sugar content of rice plants dressed more nitrogen was decreased at early tillering stage, but increased at maximum tillering stage. It seemed that the rate of increase of total sugar in the resistant variety was higher than those of the susceptible.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07c
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• pp.1446-1447
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• 2006

Electronics 분야에서 잉크젯 프린팅 배선 제작에 많이 사용되는 전도성 은 나노 잉크의 소성 특성을 연구하였다. 잉크젯 프린터를 이용하여 미세 배선을 인쇄하고, 열처리에 따른 비저항의 변화 양상을 관찰하였다. SEM을 통해 미세구조를 관찰하여 배선의 전기 저항과 미세 구조와의 상관관계를 고찰하였다. $250^{\circ}C$ 20분 동안 소성을 하였을 매 가장 낮은 비저항을 얻었으며 순수 은의 비저항 대비 약 2.6배였다. 또한 TEM을 통해 배선 내부의 pore를 관찰하였고, 그 분포올를 측정하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1996

Schlumberger electrical soundings and Coincident loop time-domain electromagnetic soundings were made on the Nanji-do landfill to investigate the nature of fills and the subsurface structure. The measured data were transformed into apparent resistivity values and then inverted in terms of 1-D resistivity models. At 6 points, both measurements were carried out to check the validity of the interpreted subsurface electrical structures. Interpreted layered models from each method show a good agreement. Obtained models show that a conductive zone exist below the shallow resistive zone. Conductive zone, which is considered to be influenced by decomposition of organic waste materials and infiltration of precipitation, is terminated by resistive zone which is considered as basement. Considering the fact that conductive zone extends to the basement and there exist no barrier layers such as clay layers, contaminant plumes are likely to flow into the groundwater directly.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.251-255
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• 2003

탄화규소 반도체에 대한 오옴성 금속 접촉 성질을 조사하기 위해 3종류의 금속 (Ni, Co, Cu)을 세척한 탄화규소 반도체 위에 직접 증착하여 전기적 성질을 조사 비교하였다. 이들 금속에 대한 오옴성 성질은 금속종류 뿐만 아니라 열처리조건에 대해서도 크게 좌우됨을 알 수 있었다. 열처리는 급속열처리 장치를 이용한 진공상태 및 환원 분위기에서 2-step 방법으로 시행하였다. 접합비 저항은 TLM 구조를 만들었으며 면저항$(R_s)$, 접촉저항$(R_c)$, 이동거리$(L_T)$, 패드간거리(d), 저항$(R_T)$ 값을 구하면 접합비저항$(\rho_c)$ 값을 구하여 알려진 계산식에 의해 추정하였다. 가장 양호한 결과는 Cu 금속에 의한 접촉 결과이었으며 접합비저항$(\rho_c)$은 $1.2\times10^{-6}{\Omega}cm^2$의 낮은 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 열처리는 진공보다 환원분위기에서 수행한 시편이 양호한 전기적 성질을 가짐을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.70-70
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• 2011

차세대 저항 메모리로 활용 가능한 ZnO 박막의 저항 변화 특성을 평가하였다. ZnO 박막은 Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si 기판 위에 스퍼터링 시스템을 이용하여 약 50nm 두께로 증착되었다. 증착된 박막에 전극을 evaporator를 이용하여 패턴닝 함으로써 전극-반도체-전극 구조의 소자를 만들고 전기적 특성을 평가하였다. 비교적 높은 compliance current (이하Icomp)를 설정한 경우 unipolar 저항 변화특성을 나타낸 데 비해 비교적 낮은 Icomp를 설정한 경우 bipolar 저항 변화특성을 나타내었다. 두 서로 다른 저항 변화 특성은 100cycle 이상 안정적으로 재현성 있게 나타났으며 이때의 저항비는 약 $10^3$ 정도를 나타냈다. 본 결과를 바탕으로 필라멘트 이론에 기초한 저항 변화 메커니즘을 설명하는 모델이 제시되었다.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.215-220
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• 2009

Cement based mortars are widely used to improve the soft ground of a dam site, highway construction, and karst voids. The mechanical properties of the mortar are well documented in literature, however very limited work is done on their physical properties such as electrical resistivity which is considered as one of the most important physical property known while improving the soft grounds. In this paper, electrical resistivity of the Portland cement mortars is examined by employing the Wenner technique. Cylindrical specimens with various water/cement ratios (w/c) ranges from 0.35, 0.45, 0.50 and 0.65 were cast and tested. The test results showed that the electrical resistivity of the mortar increases with increasing curing time and decreases with increasing water content and w/c. A reasonable, good relation was found between electrical resistivity and compressive strength of mortar.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.95-99
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• 2008

Cu has been used for metallic interconnects in ULSI applications because of its lower resistivity according to the scaling down of semiconductor devices. The resistivity of Cu lines will affect the RC delay and will limit signal propagation in integrated circuits. We investigated the electrolyte effects of the electroplating solution in the resistivity value of Cu films grown by electroplating deposition (EPD). The resistivity was measured with a four-point probe and the material properties were investigated with XRD (X-ray Diffraction), AFM (Atomic Force Microscope), FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) and XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). From these experimental results, we found that the electrolyte condition plays an Important role in formation of Cu film with lower resistivity by EPD.