• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.349-355
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• 2022

Today, apartment houses account for a very high proportion of the types of residence. This study aims to present basic data for preparing a reasonable distribution plan by identifying factors considered in calculating the amount of collection of management fees. After reviewing previous studies on common management fees and long-term repair allowances, various data on apartment houses subject to mandatory management in Busan in 2020 were collected from the Apartment Management Information System to analyze the differences in influencing factors according to type of apartment management(self-governing management, consignment management). As a result of statistical analysis, the number of households and many construction elapsed periods had a negative(-) effect on long-term repair allowances, and many construction elapsed periods had a negative(-) effect on common management fees. In addition, the degree to which many construction elapsed periods had a negative(-) effect on long-term repair allowances and common management fees had less impact on consignment management than on self-governing management. And the long-term repair allowances were imposed less by consignment management, common management fees were charged less by self-governing management. The results of this study will serve as basic data for rational distribution of long-term repair allowances and common management fees to residents and managers of apartment houses subject to mandatory management in Busan.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.79-92
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• 2000

기업환경에서 정보의 무결성은 중요한 보안 요구사항이다 의무분리 정책의 목적은 정보의 무결성을 필요로 하는 연산들을 여러 역할이나 사용자에게 분산시킴으로써 조직 내에서 관리하는 무결성 침해 가능성을 최소화하는 것이며 이것은 상업적 응용분야에서 중요하다. 전통적인 임의적 접근제어와 강제적 접근제어 정책의 대안인 역할 기반의 접근제어 기법은 응용에 따라 보호 객체들에 대한 접근을 역할들로 분류하여 단순한 권한 관리를 제공하며 의무분리 정책을 시행하기에 적합하다. 본 논문에서는 역할 기반의 접근제어에서 기존의 의무분리 안전성 조건의 취약성을 보완하여 응용 프로그램의 실행단위인 클래스에 기반한 개선된 동적 의무분리 기법을 제안하고 상호 배타적인 부트랜잭션들을 포함하고 있는 중첩-트랜잭션을 대상으로 이를 적용한다. 또한 여러 작업들이 동시에 실행되는 환경에서 감염된 트로이언 목마에 의해 발생될수 있는 정보의 유출 문제를 해결하고자 작업간 정보의 비밀성을 보장하는 동적의무분리 모델을 제시한다. 제안한 모델은 기존의 무결성 보장을 위해 제시되었던 Clark-Wilson 모델과 다른 의무분리 모델에 비해 관리가 용이하며, 동적으로 유지 관리되어야 하는 데이터의 양이 적고 객체 접근 확인 절차가 단순하여 구현방법이 용이한 장점이 있다 그리고 기존 의무분리 모델에서 고려되지 않은 병렬 수행 환경에서 작업 사이의 정보 유출 문제를 해결한다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2015

In Korea ranking sixth out of The world's greenhouse gas emissions, all Korean public buildings have to implement obligatorily renewable energy systems for energy production to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from the energy consumed in operation, maintenance and management of buildings. The optimum combination and application rates for each energy source emerge from analyzing the trend of previous studies and the energy consumption is simulated by using a dynamic energy simulation program and the initial investment costs, the energy costs, the maintenance costs, the replacement costs emerge based on the calculated result. The result show that the total life cycle cost of 100% gerthermal is the lowest with \ 2,105,974,344 on the analysis results.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.94-102
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• 2014

This study analyzes necessity of expanding construction insurance and estimates required budget. Construction insurance is obliged by National Contract Law and Local Contract Law to protect projet owners and contractors from any unexpected construction risk such as financial losses in construction process. Currently the contracts of design-build and alternate-bid projects as well as PQ project, which are greater than 20 billion won, require the contractors to provide construction insurances in Korea. Insurance premiums are borne by the public project owner. Those contractors whose contract volume is less than 20 billion won burden all risks of projects at their cost. This causes equity problem. Because small-and-medium contractors are discriminated against large contractors since insurance-obliged projects are performed by large contractors and insurance premiums are borne by the public project owner. On the other hands, in all engineering projects, regardless of volume, insurance premiums are borne by the project owner. Therefore current regulation has to be improved, by expanding to all public projects. The average ratio of unobliged projects is 46%, in recent 3 years, prime cost of insurance companies is estimated 0.2%. Moreover considering risks of each construction type, prime cost of unobliged works is estimated as 0.13%. Hence additional necessary budget is estimated to be 2.09 billion won if total volume of public work is 3.5 trillion won. And 2.39 billion won is derived if total volume of public projects is 4 trillion won.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.32-40
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• 2010

Today, more than thiry countries around the world are designated as a mandatory GHG(GreenHouse Gas) emissions country from the UNFCCC(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). Korea is also possible to designate a mandatory GHG emissions country after Second mandatory emissions which will be started in 2013. Accordingly, Korea government has made efforts to reduce GHG and has enforced energy-related policies to deduce building energy. But there is no process such as providing of existing building improvement recommendations or expert verification for building remodeling in Korea energy-related policies compared with policies in other countries. For this reason, improvements of Korea which divided governments and city provinces are suggested. However suggested improvements are directions, so additional research is needed for detail methods.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.12-21
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• 2013

Total Project Cost Management System(TPCMS) was introduced with the purpose of increasing the efficiency of cost control for public construction project in 1994. In this paper, general perception of participants of the public construction project on the TPCMS was examined, and the problems in implementing the TPCMS was figured out through expert interviews and survey. Then better ways to implement the system were drawn based on the problems. To effectively manage the cost of public construction project, basically project cost should be estimated accurately in planning stage and managed based on it to have a project complete within the budget. In addition, the cost need to be managed in more systematic ways in terms of data collection and analysis, and the autonomy in managing the project cost given to the project owner needs to be expanded. Most of all, proper budget should be provided to prevent a project from delay through setting the priority of projects and proper budget allocation based on the priority.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.229-232
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• 2016

개정된 정보통신망법 정보보호 관리체계에 대해 민간, 공공기관들의 관심과 인증을 준비하는 조직이 늘어나고 있다. 의무 인증대상자가 대. 중견기업, 비(非) 정보통신서비스 사업자로 확대되고 국제표준 요구사항의 일부 인정이 가능해지며 ISO/IEC 27001:2013과 정보보호 관리체계에 대한 동시 인증을 효과적으로 추진하기 위한 가이드라인이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 '정보보호 관리체계'(ISMS)의 요구사항, 통제항목 및 심사 과정에서의 차이점 분석(gap analysis)을 통해, 국제표준과 국내 법령에 적합한 ISMS를 효과적으로 구현할 수 있도록 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.103-113
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• 2010

본 연구는 환경부 주관으로 2006년부터 시행되어 온 자연경관심의제도의 제도 도입 당시의 기대수준과 현재의 성과수준을 분석함으로써 발전방향을 모색하고자 진행되었다. 동 제도를 도입함으로써 얻고자 하였던 목표와 효과를 분석변수로 설정하고 당시의 기대수준과 제도도입 약 4년이 지난 2010년도 시점의 기대치 달성 성과수준을 비교하였다. 자연경관심의위원 전원을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 분석하였으며, 비교결과 도출된 기대와 성과의 불일치 수준을 분석하고 그 원인을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 제도 도입시 기대수준은 3.79, 성과수준은 3.09으로 나타나 당초 기대에 비해 그 성과가 다소 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 성과가 기대에 미치지 못한 주요 항목은 자연경관을 고려한 개발사업계획 수준 제고(-2.91), 경관개선 실천성 제고(-2.97), 자연경관자원 주변경관의 개선(-3.00)으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 고찰하여 동 제도의 발전방향으로 심의절차개선과 홍보강화, 자연경관심의위원 전문성 확보, 심의내용과 범위 개선, 심의기준 객관화, 전문가 참여 의무화를 단기적 발전과제로 도출하였다. 중장기적으로는 계획적 접근에 의한 경관관리 및 심의와 자연경관보전자원의 대상과 개념을 시각적 자원 뿐만 아니라 생태적 자원으로도 확장시켜야 함을 제안하였다.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.207-254
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• 2018

The major court rulings delivered in 2017 include the ruling that separated the legal character of denture production agreement signed together with medical care agreement and found a subcontracting dimension in the former, and the ruling that overcame the limitations of the theory of entire appearance of a fetus as discussed in civil law by using the legal principle of insurance which suggests that unborn child insurance takes effect after the contract is signed and the first installment of the premium is paid in. As more court rulings find the medical specialists responsible for accidents and injuries from drugs, some argue that medication counseling by the druggist who makes and dispenses drugs should be upgraded. And with respect to a court ruling that denied the hospital's responsibility for an infection-involving accident even if there were no records on specific measures taken in infection management, some criticized the court for being too conservative in recognizing responsibilities. And with respect to infectious disease management, some criticized the court for its interpretation and application of the facts in the direction of denying the negligence. In addition, some claimed that it is necessary to establish institutional system for hospital infection control and its aid for victims, and to improve the system including the reversal of the burden of proof given the special nature of hospital infections. A number of rulings on the duty to disclose included the one which stated that the specific matter did not require a doctor's explanation as it was explained or the specific medical service would have been performed even if no explanation had been given. There was a greatly controversial ruling over the scope of indemnification, which accepted the occurrence of multiple scars and deformation as disorders while regarding breast as a thoracic organ. And a Supreme Court ruling over interpreting Medical Service Act was criticized as overstepping the boundary allowed in the law.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.167-185
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual states of the elementary school and the middle school mathematics education as a curriculum quality-management. To this end, this study surveyed the input, process and output phase in the school curriculum to the teachers, students and parents. The results are like these: First, the achievement standards contents in the elementary school and the middle schools are relevant in the input phase. Second, the teachers in the elementary school have more concern on the teaching & learning methods than those in the middle school in the process phase. Third, students and parents' satisfaction on the cognitive and affective domain in the elementary school is higher than that in the middle school in the output phase. This study suggests that these result has to be affected to make ways to apply the new curriculum, and the curriculum revision system has to be established to revise the curriculum as an important method of quality management.