• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.383-396
• /
• 2002

RAPD analyses were compared for 17 taxa of Korean Iris including the subgenus Sisyrinchium and Belamcanda. Eighty scorable RAPD markers were formed from the PCR reactions using 10 random oligoprimers. In this systematic analyses which used neighbor-joining methods including bootstrapping analyses with genetic coefficients, the Korean Iris were divided into three subgenera (Limniris, Crossiris, Pardanthopsis), or two genera (Limniris, Pardanthopsis). The molecular data agree with the previous classification system that recognized two sections and six series for the subgenus Limniris because the subgenus is comprised of four clades in the RAPD analyses. According to the molecula data, the series Chinensis should be divided into two groups. The minutoaurea group is composed of I. koreana, I. odaesanensis, and I. minitoaurea, while the rossi group is comprised of two varieties of I. rossi. The series Tripetalae is closely allied with the series Sibiricae, whereas the series Ensatae is recognized as a sister group to the series Ruthencae. The molecular phylogeny, which was based on RAPD analysis, for the most part agreed with the data proposed by previous authors. This is because the basis of morphological and ITS sequence data suggests that the RAPD markers should be very useful in addressing phylogenetic questions about the genus Iris.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.227-235
• /
• 2013

Molecular phylogenetic studies were conducted to evaluate taxonomic identities and relationships among 16 species of the korean genus Iris L. Korean Iris was grouped by five clades. Series Laevigatae, Tripetalae, Laevigatae and Sibiricae was included to Clade I. Series Chinensis, and Easatae was composed to Clade II. Series Chinensis was included to Clade III. Series Chinensis was composed to Clade IV. Series Crossiris, Pumilae and Pardanthopsis was included to Clade V. Iris dichotoma, I. mandshurica and I. tectorum formed one clade, and it was located mostly in the basal group. I. minutiaurea and I. koreana was not formed independent clade, so it is not clear between them about taxonomic identities. Iris tectorum was established taxonomic system by Series Cossiris in Subgenus Crossiris. Series Chinensis (I. odaesanensis, I. minutiaurea, I. koreana, I. rossii var. latifoia, and I. rossii) was distinguished is clear by Series Chinensis (I. odaesanensis, I. minutiaurea and I. koreana) and Series Chinensis (I. rossii var. latifoia and I. rossii). The Genus Iris was divided into four subgenus (Limniris, Crossiris, Iris and Pardanthopsis). We thought that evolved to subgenus Limniris in subgenus Crossiris, iris and Pardanthopsis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.243-253
• /
• 2015

Series Chinensis, Genus Iris, endemic to the far regions of East Asia, consists of four species and related varieties. This series is divided into two major groups (I. rossii and I. minutiaurea complex). In this study, the ITS region and matK gene sequences within nuclear ribosomal DNA and plastid DNA were analyzed in order to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among the I. minutiaurea complex (I. minutiaurea, I. odaesanensis, and I. koreana) and the taxonomic identities of a putative hybrid in Mt. Palgong. In the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2) region, a total of 106 cloned genomic sequences from three taxa were obtained to study the intragenomic polymorphisms of the ITS regions. Three taxa revealed high levels of intragenomic polymorphisms, indicative of incomplete nrDNA concerted evolution. This incomplete ITS concerted evolution in the series Chinensis may be linked to the recent species divergence and frequent interspecies hybridization of the series Chinensis. In the matK gene, three taxa were fairly separated by eleven variable sites. In eight individuals collected on Mt. Palgong, putative hybrids between I. odaesanensis and I. minutiaurea were clustered in the I. minutiaurea clade in the NJ (neighbor-joining) tree based on the matK gene. However, in the ITS tree, some of them were clustered in the I. odaesanensis clade and others were clustered in the I. minutiaurea clade. Therefore, the individuals on Mt. Palgong were formed by the hybridization between two taxa (I. odaesanensis and I. minutiaurea) and not through the lineage of I. koreana.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.295-300
• /
• 2016

Sisyrinchium micranthum Cav., a newly naturalized species, was found in Seogwipo, Jeju-do. This species is native to Central and South America and is reported as a widely invasive species around the world. Sisyrinchium micranthum is a sister species of S. rosulatum E. P. Bicknell (Deung-Sim-But-Kkot in Korean), reported as an invasive species earlier in Korea, and both species are members of the subgenus Echthronema. Sisyrinchium micranthum is distinguished from S. rosulatum by the urceolate shape of its flowers and by the large size of its fruits and seeds. Its local name is "Yeon-Deung-Sim-But-Kkot" based on the light blue corolla. We also found that Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill., previously used for Deung-Sim-But-Kkot, was misapplied. It belongs to the subgenus Sisyrinchium and is morphologically very different from S. rosulatum. We corrected the scientific name of Deung-Sim-But-Kkot by changing it from S. angustifolium to S. rosulatum based on the type specimens, original descriptions, and recent studies.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.19-23
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to observe the morphological characteristics and to analyse genetic relationship using RAPD markers in 9 species of Iris. The period of flowering was shown very broad among 9 species of Iris, from April 22 to June 9. The flower stalk was fluctuated from 9.0cm (I. rossii) to 104.0cm (I. ensata). I. ensata has the largest flower size and followed by I. laevigata, I. tectorum, I. sanguinea, I. pseudacorus, I. lactea, I. rossii, I. minutoaurea, I. odaesanensis. Among the 108 amplified bands by PCR with 8 random primers, 107 showed polymorphism and only one showed monomorphism among 9 species of Iris. The average dissimilarity coefficient among 9 species of Iris was 0.252. The range of dissimilarity coefficient was shown as from 0.095 to 0.609. Nine species were divided into three groups. The first group was I. tectorum, and the second group was I. lactea, I. laevigata, I. pseudacorus, I. odaesanensis. I. minutoaurea, I. rossii, I. sanguinea, I. ensata were belong to group three.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 1999

1997년 4월부터 1998년 4월까지 경상북도 내연산 일대의 관속식물상 조사를 실시한 결과, 관속식물은 100과, 350속, 538속, 1아종, 92변종, 10품종, 1교잡종 총 642종류(texa)를 확인하였으며, 이 중 211종류는 금번조사에서 새롭게 추가하였다. 특히 고란초, 부들, 창포, 꽃창포, 노랑무늬붓꽃, 산작약, 둥근잎꿩의 비름, 꿩의 바람꽃, 연잎꿩의다리, 참좁쌀풀 등의 희귀 및 멸종위기 식물을 확증표본과 함께 보고함으로써 본 지역 식물상 조사에 큰 의의가 있다고 판단된다. 본 조사에서 확인한 희귀 및 멸종위기 식물은 총 29종류로서, 환경부 법정보호식물이 3종류, 환경부에서 실시하고 있는 전국자연환경조사에서 제시한 특정식물종 중 정밀생태종은 27종류, 그리고 산림청 희귀 및 멸종위기 식물은 15종류로 나타났으며, 둥근잎꿔의 비름, 망개나무, 노랑무늬붓꽃 등의 분포 등에 대해 논하였다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.27-55
• /
• 2020

We investigated the flora of Ibamsan Mt. and Baekamsan Mt., and discuss here important vascular plants found on these mountains. We created a plant list using voucher specimens collected from Ibamsan Mt. and Baekamsan deposited at CNU. There are 769 taxa in Ibamsan Mt. and Baekamsan Mt., consisting of 116 families, 403 genera, 687 species, 16 subspecies, 58 varieties, and 8 forms. Twenty-four endemic plants of Korea were found, including Coreanomecon hylomeconoides Nakai and Eranthis byunsanensis B. Y. Sun. There are 15 rare plants on Ibamsan Mt. and Baekamsan as designated by the Korea Forest Service, including Iris koreana Nakai and Chamaegastrodia shikokiana Makino & F. Maek., as well as 14 red-list plants as designated by the Ministry of the Environment, including Lycoris chinensis var. sinuolata K. Tae & S. C. Ko ex K. Tae & S. C. Ko and Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl. In total, there are 133 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants, including four level V taxa, such as Iris koreana Nakai; ten level IV taxa, such as Lindera sericea (Siebold & Zucc.) Blume; 28 level III taxa, such as Botrychium japonicum (Prantl) Underw.; 22 level II taxa, including Hylomecon vernalis Maxim.; and 69 level I taxa, including Dryopteris erythrosora (D. C. Eaton) Kuntze. There are 37 invasive plants, including Rumex acetosella L. and Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G. L. Nesom.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.365-375
• /
• 2017

This study investigated in the vascular plants of special protection zones (the native land of Iris koreana in Gaeamsa Temple and Soeppulbawi Rock) of Byeonsanbando National Park and identified the whole flora. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 255 taxa including 71 families, 166 genera, 222 species, 2 subspecies, 27 varieties and 4 forms. Woody plants were identified as 114 taxa (44.7%) and herbaceous plants as 141 taxa (55.3%). A total of 178 taxa were identified in the area of Gaeamsa Temple, and 184 taxa were found in the Soeppulbawi Rock. As a legal protected species, the endangered wild plant II grade Iris koreana designated by the Ministry of Environment was confirmed. A total of 6 taxa of rare plants were identified, each of which was divided into 1 taxa of critically endangered (CR; Iris koreana), 1 taxa of vulnerable (VU; Ilex cornuta), and 4 taxa of least concern (LC; Asarum maculatum, Viola albida, Chionanthus retusa and Tricyrtis macropoda). The Korean endemic plants were 11 taxa (Populus tomentiglandulosa, Lonicera subsessilis, Carex okamotoi, etc.). In the specific plants by floristic region were 38 taxa, a degree I were 23 taxa (Euscaphis japonica, Hedera rhombea, Lophatherum gracile, etc.), 7 taxa of a degree II (Viola violacea, Ainsliaea apiculata, Cephalanthera falcata, etc.), 6 taxa of a degree III (Ilex cornuta, Callicarpa mollis, Mitchella undulata, etc.), 1 taxa of a degree IV (Carex remotiuscula), 1 taxa of a degree V (Iris koreana). The Iris koreana special protection area that is more natural and healthier than any other areas in Byeonsanbando National Park. Therefore, it should be possible to continue its role as a special protection area through regular monitoring in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.164-175
• /
• 2009

The flora of the vascular plant in Mt. Munsu and Mt. Okseok was listed as 689 taxa; 95 families, 332 genus, 600 species, 93 varieties and 5 forms. Based on the list of rare plants by Korea Forest Service and Korea Forest Research Institute, 16 taxa were recorded. And endangered plant was recorded by 1 taxa, Iris koreana var. albiflora. Based on the list of Korean endemic plant, 44 taxa were recorded. According to the specific plant species by classes, class I has 51 taxa, class II has 33 taxa, class III has 28 taxa, class IV has 12 taxa. In class V, we found Houttuynia cordata, but the species was considered to be worthless because it was planted as an ornamental plant in the area. Naturalized plant species were listed as 27 taxa; 99 families, 22 genus, 26 species, 1 varieties. And naturalization index was 3.9%.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2001

This study was carried out to provide basic data for establishment of Natural Ecology Center through vegetation research in Nodong valley, Pyungchanggun of Kangwondo. The vascular plants consisted of total 178 taxa such as 56 families, 121 genera, 152 species, 24 varieties and two forms. In the study area, we found some plants designated as protect plants by the Ministry of Environment such as Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Rodgersia podophylla that is a vulnerable species and Iris odaesanensis that is an endemic species. Communities by characteristic in species composition of Nodong valley forest were classified into Quercus mongolica - Acer pseudosieboldianum community as a natural forest community and Larix leptolepis and Pinus koraiensis community as artificial forest. The Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum community was further classified as Pinus densiflora subcommunity and Acer mono subcommunity. A protection program will be needed for Iris odaesanensis classified as an endemic species to make a Natural Ecology Center.