• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.245-254
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic information for bread with kinds of spice. The qualities of bread added with garlic, ginger, and cinnamon powder were investigated using sensory and mechanical evaluation. The result of sensory evaluation showed that the softness, color, brittleness, hardness, and chewiness of bread were increased as the amount of garlic, ginger and cinnamon powder increased. Lightness decreased by the addition of garlic, ginger and cinnamon powder, while redness and yellowness increased. Texture measurement showed that hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and brittleness were the lowest in the breads with 1% garlic, ginger and cinnamon powder, and increased as the added amount of spice increased. A positive correlation was observed between the sensory and mechanical properties in general, while hardness and chewiness have negative correlation with sensory properties. Sensory properties of wheat flour odor, roasted taste, springiness and swelling were positively correlated with the acceptability. Breads with 1% garlic, ginger, and cinnamon powder showed a good overall preference.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 1984.09a
• /
• pp.169-183
• /
• 1984

인삼의 주된 사포닌으로서 Rg,과 Rb,을 흰쥐에 투여하였을 경우에 이들 물질이 흰쥐의 장기에 흡수 또는 분포되는 상태와 배설에 대하여 연구하였다. 진세노사이드 $Rg_{1}$은 경구 투여량의 약 $1.9{\%}$가 소화관의 상부에서 흡수되었으며, 투여한지 30분 후에 최고 혈중 농도에 이르렀고 조직에서는 1.5시간 걸렸다. 그러나 뇌에서는 확인되지 않았으며 뇨와 당즙에는 2 : 5의 비로 배설되었다. $Rb_{1}$을 100mg/kg 경구투여한 결과, 소화관에서는 거의 흡수가 되지 않았으며, 한편 정맥주사(5mg/kg)의 경우는 혈중 $Rb_{1}$의 농도가 지수적으로 감소하였으며, B-phase의 반감기는 14.5시간이었다. 정맥주사후 혈청과 조직에 장시간 잔존은 활성을 나탄내는 혈청단백과의 결합과 관련이 있는 것으로 사료되며 시간에 따라 뇨로 배설되나 담즙에서는 확인되지 않았다. $Rg_{1}$과 $Rb_{1}$을 경구투여한 후 TLC와 $^{13}C$-NMR을 이용하여 위와 대장에서의 분해 상태를 연구한 결과 위에서 $Rg_{1}$의 일부가 분해, 6종류의 분해 산물이 r-everse phase TLC상에서 관찰되었고 이들 분해 산물은 약산성 (0.1N HCl, $37^{\circ}C$) 조건하에서 $Rg_{1}$의 가수분해산물과 동일하였다. 한편, $Rb_{1}$ 경구투여후 위장에서 얻은 시료중에서 미확인 분해산물이 관찰되었으며, 이 분해산물은 약산성 조건하에서 $Rb_{1}$의 가수분해산물과는 상이하다는 사실을 확인하였다. 대장에서, $Rg_{1}$은 미생물 tetracycline-susceptible bacteria와 tetracycline-resist bacteria에 의해 $Rb_{1}$과 $F_{1}$으로 분해되었으며, $Rb_{1}$은 장내의 효소와 tetracycline-resistantant bacteria에 의해 Rd와 2 종류의 미확인 물질로 분해되었다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.1125-1130
• /
• 1997

The effects of enzyme combination, pH, acid washing and enzyme treatment sequence were investigated in the hydrolysis of soy protein. Comparing Alcalase vs. Neutrase/Alcalase, it appeared that Neutrase/Alcalase was more efficient than Alcalase alone, as the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH) was seen in Neutrase/Alcalase. A surprisingly high DH (more than 60%) was observed with Flavourzyme in the second hydrolysis. The separation of insolubles from the first hydrolysis had little effect on the second hydrolysis. When the washing water from the first hydrolysis was reused in the next hydrolysis, the DH and protein recovery were increased. The addition of calcium ion showed not so much positive effects by the stabilization of Neutrase on the Protein hydrolysis. The use of carbohydrase and repeated acid washing gave positive effects on DH. The simultaneous treatment using endoprotease and exoprotease with pH adjustment improved DH significantly.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 1995

A study was undertaken to compare degradation patterns of carbofuran in soils between submerged and upland moisture conditions [$3-^{14}C$]Carbofuran was treated in each soils at the rate of 1.0 mg/kg (87.8 kBq $^{14}C/50g$ soil) and the time-course analysis for distribution of radioactivity and degradation products were conducted. Differences in the pathway and rate of carbofuran degradation in soils were observed between submerged and upland moisture conditiona major degradation being hydrolysis at 7-C position and oxidation at 3-C position, respectively. Carbofuran showed less persistence in soils of higher moisture contents A significant portion, $24{\sim}39%$ of the total radioactivity, resided in soils as nonextractable residues at 60 days after treatment The nonextractable radioactivity was mainly located in soil organic matter, fulvic acid, humic acid and humin factions Gel filtration chromatography confirmed the incorporation of carbofuran and its degradation products into the organic matter.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.159-174
• /
• 2015

Dragomiretskiy and Zosso (2014) developed a new decomposition method, termed variational mode decomposition (VMD), which is efficient for handling the tone detection and separation of signals. However, VMD may be inefficient in the presence of missing data since it is based on a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. To overcome this problem, we propose a new approach based on a novel combination of VMD and hierarchical (or h)-likelihood method. The h-likelihood provides an effective imputation methodology for missing data when VMD decomposes the signal into several meaningful modes. A simulation study and real data analysis demonstrates that the proposed method can produce substantially effective results.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of novel process with thermal hydrolysis and separation as pre-treatment of anaerobic digestion (AD). The dewatered sludge was pre-treated using THP, and then separated. The separated liquid used as substrate for AD and separated solid was returned on THP(Thermal Hydrolysis Process). The degree of disintegration (DD, based on COD) using only THP found 45.1-49.3%. The DD using THP+separation found 76.1-77.6%, which was higher than only THP. As result from dual-pool two-step model, the ratio of rapidly degradable substrate to total degradable substrate found 0.891-0.911 in separated liquid, which was higher than only THP. However, the rapidly degradable substrate reaction constant (kF) of only THP and THP+separation were similar. This results found that dewatered sludge was disintegrated by THP, and then rapidly degradable substrate of hydrolyzed sludge was sorted by separation.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2024

It was known that crude oil can be mainly divided into saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes. If microbial biodegradation of asphaltenes is effectively viable, additional oil production will be expected from depleted oil reservoir. Meanwhile, biodegradation can be applied to other aspects, such as the bioremediation of spilled oil. In this case, the biodegradation of asphaltenes also plays an important role. It has been already reported that asphaltenes are decomposed by bacterial consortia. However, the biodegradation mechanism of asphaltenes has not been clearly presented. The major reason is that the molecular structure of asphaltenes is complicated and is mainly in a aggregated form. In this paper, it was presumed that the biodegradation process of asphaltenes may follow the microbial oxidation mechanism of saturates and aromatics which are easier biodegradable than asphaltenes among the crude oil components. In other words, the biodegradation process was explained by serial stages; the contact between asphaltenes and bacteria in the presence of biosurfactants, and the decomposition of alkyl groups and fused-rings within the asphaltene structure.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1987.07b
• /
• pp.1229-1232
• /
• 1987

본 논문은 N이 서로소인 두 자연수 $N_1$과 $N_2$로 분해되는 경우에 대하여 이산코사인 변환의 소인수 분해 계산기법 및 이를 위한 인덱스 매핑을 고찰하고 있다. 소인수 분해 알고리즘의 유도과정에 나타나는 관계식들을 표의 형태로 변형시키고, 이 인덱스 매핑 표들을 바탕으로 이산 코사인 변환을 구현하는 방법이 소개되어 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
• /
• 2000.06a
• /
• pp.56-59
• /
• 2000

한국어에서 복합명사는 명사간 결합이 자유롭고, 단위명사로 띄어쓰는 것을 원칙으로 하나 붙여써도 무방하다. 따라서, 정보검색분야, 기계번역분야에서 복합명사의 정확한 분해는 시스템의 성능에 많은 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 논문에서는 ETRI의 태깅된 코퍼스로부터 추출한 복합명사를 역방향 분해 알고리즘을 이용하여 단위명사로 분해한다. 분해되지 않은 3119개의 복합명사에 대해 실험한 결과 약 96.6%의 정확도를 얻었다. 또한, 미등록이나 접사에 대한 처리에도 비교적 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2005

경제정책과 관련하여 경제시계열을 작성하는 중요한 목적중 하나는 순환변동을 파악할 수 있는 정보를 제공하는 것이다. 그런데 월별 또는 분기별로 작성되는 경제시계열은 계절변동 및 불규칙변동으로 인해 순환변동 등 기조적 변화를 잘못 파악하기 쉽다. 경제시계열의 기조적 변화를 파악하기 위해서는 원래의 경제시계열에서 계절변동, 불규칙변동을 분해 후 제거해서 분석해야 한다. 이 논문에서는 웨이블렛(wavelet)을 이용하여 시계열을 분해하고 이를 통해 경제시계열의 순환변동 등을 구하고 분해 요소들을 따로 예측한 후 결합된 예측을 시도한다.