• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1043-1048
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of soy protein dispersibility on the bread making properties when Doenjang powders (DP) were added to the bread formula at the levels of 2.5 or 5.0%, comparing with full fat (FSF) or defatted (DSF) soy flours which contain same protein contents as those of DP. Protein dispersibility indices (PDI) for DP, FSF, DSF and strong wheat flour were 57.1, 7.3, 10.8 and 32.8%, respectively. Addition of DP decreased significantly the resistance to extensibility of wet gluten and increased its extensibility. However, FSF and DSF showed different changes in gluten rheology due to their PDI. In correlation coefficient values, PDI affected positively both gluten extensibility (r=0.98, p<0.01) and ovenspring (r=0.88, p<0.05) resulting in loaf volume and texture improvement of bread with addition of DP.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.412-425
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• 2004

The influence of expandable graphite (EG) on flame retardancy and foaming properties of the NBR/GTR foams was studied. The foaming properties were similar to those of NBR/GTR foams without EG when the EG contents were 10$\~$30 phr. The LOI values were increased with the EG content. For cone-calorimeter test, the data showed the trend similar to that from experiment. When the composition ratios of the compounds of NBR/GTR were 100$\~$0/80$\~$20 (w/w), and the EG contents were 10$\~$30 phr, we obtained high flame retardancy foams with low heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), effective heat of combustion (EHC) and carbon monoxide yield (COY). The smoke density is similar to CO yield values obtained by the cone-calorimeter test. TGA analysis also showed the results approximately similar to those from the LOI and cone-calorimeter experiments.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.77-85
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• 2015

The Hedonic Pricing model is the predominant approach used today to model the effect of relevant factors on real estate prices. These factors include intrinsic elements of a property such as floor areas, number of rooms, and parking spaces. Also, The model also accounts for the impact of amenities or undesirable facilities of a property's value. In the latter case, euclidean distances are typically used as the parameter to represent the proximity and its impact on prices. However, in situations where multiple facilities exist, multi-colinearity may exist between these parameters, which can result in multi-regression models with erroneous coefficients. This research uses Variance Inflation Factors(VIF) and Ridge Regression to identify these errors and thus create more accurate and stable models. The techniques were applied to apartments in Guro-gu of Seoul, whose prices are impacted by subway stations as well as a public prison, a railway terminal and a digital complex. The VIF identified colinearity between variables representing the terminal and the digital complex as well as the latitudinal coordinates. The ridge regression showed the need to remove two of these variables. The case study demonstrated that the application of these techniques were critical in developing accurate and robust Hedonic Pricing models.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.150-161
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• 1996

A deformation model was developed to calculate the deformation of the uranium-silicide dispersion fuel (U$_3$Si-Al) elements for research reactors. The model was based on the elasto-plasticity theory and power-law creep theory. Also, isotopic swelling was assumed for the fuel meat and isotropic thermal expansion for the fuel meat and dadding. The new model calculated successfully the deformation of the fuels of HANARO and NRU (in Canada). As the most important result, it was shown that the primary deformation mechanism in the fuel meat was swelling and that in the cladding was creep. For all cases simulated, the maximum hoop stress at cladding outer surface was lass than 5MPa, probably well below the yield stress of the dadding, and finally, the volume change was predicted to be less than 10% in the whole burnup range.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.743-758
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of economic stress in the relationship between Perceived Income Inequality and Suicidal Ideation among old adults. To achieve this objective, this study analyzed basic statistics, reliability, correlation, and regression (tolerance and variance inflation factor) with the help of SPSS ver. 18.0. using data of 532 elderlies over 65 years old who live in Jeollanam-do. The main study results were as follows. The result shows the significant medicating effect of economic stress in the relationship between Income Inequality and Suicidal Ideation. Based on these results, political and practical implications are proposed.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.967-975
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• 2010

Since the least squares estimation is not appropriate when multicollinearity exists among the regressors of the linear regression model, the principal components regression is used to deal with the multicollinearity problem. This article suggests a new procedure for the selection of suitable principal components. The procedure is based on the condition index instead of the eigenvalue. The principal components corresponding to the indices are removed from the model if any condition indices are larger than the upper limit of the cutoff value. On the other hand, the corresponding principal components are included if any condition indices are smaller than the lower limit. The forward inclusion method is employed to select proper principal components if any condition indices are between the upper limit and the lower limit. The limits are obtained from the linear model which is constructed on the basis of the conjoint analysis. The procedure is evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation in terms of the mean square error of estimator. The simulation results indicate that the proposed procedure is superior to the existing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1002-1010
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• 2003

This study was carried out to develope yeast leavened pan bread using the commercial Doenjangs (Korean soybean pastes). Physicochemical properties of the Doenjang products were measured such as aminonitrogen, pH, titratable acidity and salinity, reducing sugar, total free sugar, total organic acid, PDI (protein dispersibility index) and color. Seven products of Doenjang were freeze-dried and powdered to be used in bread formula at the levels of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%. When the Doenjang powder was added up to 5.0%, the ovenspring during baking remarkably increased resulting in increased loaf volume. However, with Doenjang powder more than 7.5%, the loaf volume became smaller than the control as the dough expansion and ovenspring decreased. Thus when Doenjang was added to bread dough, the loaf volume was highly correlated with ovenspring (r=0.92) but it was not with dough expansion during 1st fermentation (r=0.56). The browning color of bread crust and crumb became deeper with decrease in L value as the addition of Doenjang powder increased. From the mechanical texture measurements of bread crumb, hardness, gumminess and chewiness decreased with addition of Doenjang powders. Regardless of the kinds of Doenjang, the Doenjang powders could be added into the bread dough up to 5.0%, improving the loaf volume and texture of yeast leavened pan bread and demonstrating the possibility of producing a functional bread using the Doenjang powders.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.524-540
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze effect young children's temperament and teacher-child relationship on child's leadership. Subject were 3~5 years old 333 kindergarten young children. young children's parents answered young children's temperament questionnaire. young children's teacher answered young children's temperament and teacher-child relationship questionnaire. The research tools used in this study were the questionnaire for assessment scale of young children's temperament, teacher-child relationship and young children's leadership. To analyze effect young children's temperament and teacher-child relationship on young children's leadership, questionnaires were reconstruted from existing questionnaires. Using SPSS statistics 20 for window program, Scheff$\acute{e}$ verification, pearson product moment correlation, mutiple regression analysis, tolerance, variance inflation factor and VIF were used to analyze the data. Results of this study are summarized as follows: In child's temperament, regularity, in teacher-child relationship, closerelationship, in young children's leadership, goal achivement competence were appeared most high. In young children's temperament, adaptabilituy and durability effected on child's leadership positively. In teacher-child relationship, closerelationship and dependency relationship effected on young children's leadership positively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.376-386
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• 2023

Due to climate changes, landslide hazards in the Republic of Korea (hereafter South Korea) continuously increase. To establish the effective landslide mitigation strategies, such as erosion control works, landslide hazard estimation in the long-term perspective should be proceeded considering the influence of climate changes. In this study, we examined the change in landslide-damaged areas in South Korea responding to climate change scenarios using the multivariate regression method. Data on landslide-damaged areas and rainfall from 1981-2010 were used as a training dataset. Sev en indices were deriv ed from rainfall data as the model's input data, corresponding to rainfall indices provided from two SSP scenarios for South Korea: SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5. Prior to the multivariate regression analysis, we conducted the VIF test and the dimension analysis of regression model using PCA. Based on the result of PCA, we developed a regression model for landslide damaged area estimation with two principal components, which cov ered about 93% of total v ariance. With climate change scenarios, we simulated landslide-damaged areas in 2030-2100 using the regression model. As a result, the landslide-damaged area will be enlarged more than the double of current annual mean landslide damaged area of 1981-2010; It infers that landslide mitigation strategies should be reinforced considering the future climate condition.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3-16
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• 2020

Recently, as the fashion e-commerce market has expanded, the proportion of online shops that are growing rapidly has increased and with them so too has competition. Most retailers operating online shops need their own competitiveness, and accordingly, the need to develop their logistics service quality components is increasing. This study investigated the quality of the logistics services, which is a factor of the logistics service quality of the internet shop. It influences customer satisfaction and repurchase intention by collecting samples from the customers using online fashion shops. Two hundred customers who shop online were surveyed to extract the data. The sample was subjected to basic statistical analysis using the SPSS 25.0 package, and factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were performed. The results of this study showed that the information quality of proactive return, promptness of the return process, and reliability of the return cost had a positive impact on customer satisfaction, and it had a significant influence on the customer's repurchase intention to the online store. A selection of shops showed high amounts of return reasons, high customer satisfaction, and high repurchase, whereas, in general, many others scored poorly across these criteria. This suggests that a retailer operating online should consider pages for receiving information plus sales content in addition to the quality and constituent factors of its logistics services for returns that influence repurchase and satisfaction.