• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.20-26
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• 2000

In speaker verification system the HMM(hidden Markov model) parameter updating using small amount of data and the priori threshold decision are crucial factor for dealing with long-term variability in people voices. In the paper we present the speaker model updating technique which can be adaptable to the session-to-intra speaker variability and the priori threshold determining technique. The proposed technique decreases verification error rates which the session-to-session intra-speaker variability can bring by adapting new speech data to speaker model parameter through Baum Welch re-estimation. And in this study the proposed priori threshold determining technique is decided by a hybrid score measurement which combines the world model based technique and the cohen model based technique together. The results show that the proposed technique can lead a better performance and the difference of performance is small between the posteriori threshold decision based approach and the proposed priori threshold decision based approach.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.382-385
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• 1997

The experiment was carried out to investigate the optimum nursery periods on bolting responses and fresh leaf yield in Solidago virga-aurea. The result were as followings: growth characteristics as affected by nursery periods was promoted at the 60 and 70days without cultural years. Bolting responses by nursery periods of first year was respectively 14.5 and 13.5% in 40 and 50days, but the plant showing bolting reponse was not appeared at the 60 and 70 nursery periods. The highest fresh leaf yield was 60 nursery period as 2,750kg per 10a. The more bolting rate was increased, the more fresh leaf yield was decreased. As a rusult, the optimum nursery period to produce high fresh leaf yield of this crop plant was 60days.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.185-196
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• 1999

In this dissertation, a new off-line recognition system is proposed using a subgraph pattern, neural network. After thinning is applied to input characters, balance having a noise elimination function on location is performed. Then as the first step for recognition procedure, circular elements are extracted and recognized. From the subblock HT, space feature points such as endpoint, flex point, bridge point are extracted and a subgraph pattern is formed observing the relations among them. A region where vowel can exist is allocated and a candidate point of the vowel is extracted. Then, using the subgraph pattern dictionary, a vowel is recognized. A same method is applied to extract horizontal vowels and the vowel is recognized through a simple structural analysis. For verification of recognition subgraph in this paper, experiments are done with the most frequently used Myngjo font, Gothic font for printed characters and handwritten characters. In case of Gothic font, character recognition rate was 98.9%. For Myngjo font characters, the recognition rate was 98.2%. For handwritten characters, the recognition rate was 92.5%. The total recognition rate was 94.8% with mixed handwriting and printing characters for multi-font recognition.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.438-447
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• 2000

Background : Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) is a relatively simple and convenient procedure to obtain lung tissue from a patient with diffuse or localized lesion on chest radiographs, whose disease cannot be diagnosed through routine tests. The authors tried to evaluate the diagnostic value of TBLB, especially, the concordance between CT scan and TBLB with respect to the location of the lesion and diagnostic yield according to tumor-bronchus relationship. Method : We reviewed the medical records, plain chest films, and chest CT scans of 278 patients who underwent TBLB at Kyungpook National University Hospital between January 1996 and June 1998. Results : One hundred and sixteen (41.7 %) patients were diagnosed by TBLB. Diagnostic yield of TBLB of malignant tumors tended to be higher than that of benign diseases (64.7% versus 53.9%, p=0.09). Of primary lung cancers, TBLB was more diagnostic in adenocarcinoma and small-cell carcinoma than other cell types (p<0.01) and, of benign diseases, more diagnostic in tuberculosis than in non-tuberculous diseases (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the diagnostic rate according to the location of the tumor. The diagnostic rate tended to increase with the size of tumor (p=0.06). The diagnootic rate of TBLB did not differ according to the pattern of lesion in benign diseases. However, in malignant diseases TBLB was more diagnostic in diffuse/multiple nodular lesions than in localized lesions(p<0.05). According to the tumor-bronchus relationship, TBLB was more diagnootic in type I/II groups than in other types. CT scan and TBLB showed a strong correlation with respect to the localization of the lesion (r=0.994, p<0.01). Conclusion : The above results show that TBLB is useful in the diagnosis of lung disease. CT scan and TBLB showed a strong correlation in determining the location of the lesion. Diagnostic yield of TBLB is higher in lesions with 'bronchus sign' (type I and II). TBLB and other diagnootic methods such as transthoracic needle aspiration are expected to complement one another in the diagnosis of lung diseases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 1996

Twelve isolates of Accnthamoebc app. assigned to either A. castellanii or A. poIMphoSa, and type strains of A. culbefsoni, A. henIWi, A. pqkestinefiE, and A. astronyxi,s were examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of a conserved region of small subunit ribosomal RMh gene (ssu rDNA) amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products of the isolates measured approximately 910-930 bp, except for that of A. astronyxis which was extraordinarily long, approximately 1,170 bp. Average of estimated sequence divergence of the amplified DNA among the isolates assigned to A. castellanii was 9.8% whereas that among the isolates assigned to A. polvphusn 9.6%. The maximum intraspecific sequence divergence among the isolates assigned to A. costellanii was observed between the Chang and Ma strains (17.3%) while that among the isolates assigned to A. poIWphosa was observed between KA/S3 and KA/S7 strains (16.1%). The both maximum sequence divergences were much greater than the minimum interspecific sequence divergence between A. cnstellnnii and A. polwphasa (2.6%) which appeared between the Castellani (or CCAP 1501/12 g) and KA/S3 strains. The PCR-RFLP patterns of A. culbertsoni, A. healyi, A. palestinensis, and A. ostronvxis were quite diverse from one another and from those of isolates assigned to either A. castellanii or A. polyphoga. It is suggested that taxonomic validity of the isolates assigned to either A. castellnnii or A. polyphoga should be reevaluated.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.90-99
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• 2017

This paper is to understand the impact of systematic risk on capitalization rate at office building market and retail real estate market in Seoul and to see if CAPM(Capital Asset Pricing Model) is applicable. For this, this paper considers eight different office building and retail real estate markets in Seoul city area, called GBD, YBD, CBD, and Other Business District, and GBD, SBD, CBD, and Other Business District, to find out if there is any positive-linearity between systematic risk and capitalization rate for each business district not. Then, this paper tries to verify applicability of CAPM to four office building markets and four retail real estate markets with Black, Jensen, and Scholes(1972)'s statistical methodology. At last, the result shows that there is positive linearity between systematic risk and capitalization rate only GBD except Others(YBD, CBD, and other business district) in office building market. In addtion, SBD and CBD, they could be figured out that it is not efficient market because increasing systematic risk declines capitalization rate in retail real estate market. However, CAPM is not applicable in all office building(GBD, YBD, CBD, and other business district) and retail real estate markets(GBD, SBD, CBD, and other business district) in Seoul.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.107-110
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• 2009

A basic design for a Technical Development Model (TDM) of liquid oxygen lines from the turbopump exit to the oxidizer valves of the combustion chamber and the gas generator was conducted to develop a turbopump-fed liquid rocket engine. The TDM is composed of straight lines, elbows, bellows, a branch, an orifice, flanges and a heat insulator. Materials were determined by consideration of operation conditions, weight constraint and manufacturing procedures. The size and the location of each component were determined by flow analysis of the required flowrate and the pressure loss. Basic designs of the components were conducted by consideration of the operating temperature and the maximum expectation operating pressure. The safety factors were evaluated by structural analysis of design of each component.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.621-628
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• 2010

Quality assurance data is used to develop the strategy of the product since it is valuable for reliability assessment of the product. However, manufacturers don't take into account the life of the product but just produce WCR (Warranty Call Rate) which is monthly or quarterly claims per 1000 products in terms of table or graph. In this study we will consider how they analyse that kind of data and suggest an appropriate type of analysis which incorporates the life time of the product. Finally we emphasize that the appropriate type of analysis has to be merged into the.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.132-132
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• 1999

카본 박막은 내마모성, 내산성, 윤활성 및 높은 경도를 가지고 있어, 경질 박막 및 기능성 박막으로 주목을 받고 있으며 그 응용 분야가 매우 크다. 본 연구는 전자빔(Electron Beam)을 카본 grain을 증발시킴과 동시에 아르곤 보조 이온빔을 조사시켜 이온에너지에 따른 박막의 물성변화를 관찰하였다. 특히 본 연구에서 이용한 이온빔 증착 장치의 장점은 이온 충돌 에너지의 조절이 가능하다는 것이다. 카본 박막의 제조는 이온빔이 증착된 고진공 증착 장치를 이용하였고 이원빔원으로는 Oxford Applied Research 사의 RF 방전형 이온빔을 이용하였다. 배기장치는 유회전펌프와 터보펌프를 사용하였다. 기판은 홀더에 장착하기 전에 전처리를 거친 후 용기 내에서 이온빔에 의해 2차 청정을 하였다. 빔전압이 500V, 빔 전류는 4mA/cm2 및 RF power를 400W로 하여 기판 청정을 거친 후 전자빔을 이용하여 흑연을 증발시켜 박막을 제조하였다. 이때 이온빔 전압을 100~500V, RF power를 400~550W 으로 조절하였다. 카본 grain을 Si 및 Slide Glass 기판위에 1$\AA$/sec의 증착율을 유지하면서 증착하였다. 카본 박막의 박막은 평균두께는 0.3~0.4$\mu\textrm{m}$이며 SEM을 이용하여 단면을 관찰하였다. 라만 분광분석을 통하여 비정질 카본 박막의 결합특성을 조사하였고 scratch tester를 이용하여 박막의 밀착력을 관찰하였다. 그리고 카본 박막의 전도도 특성을 알고자 비저항을 측정하였으며, 박막의 성분 분석을 위한 AES 분석을 하였다. 1)AES 결과:표면에서와 박막 내부에서는 불순물인 산소나 질소의 함량이 거의 존재하지 않음을 관찰하였다. 2)경도:1,000~1,400kg/mm2 3)라만 분광 분석:300V의 이온 에너지를 분기로 박막 구조의 변화에 의한 스팩트럼의 변화를 보였다. 4)비저항:10-2~10-1$\Omega$.cm

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.6A
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• pp.547-555
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• 2006

We implemented DPU(Double-Pass Gain-Clamped) L-band EDFA for highly efficient amplification. A lasing signal generated within the linear cavity, can minimize the fluctuation of surviving channels when several WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) channels are added or dropped. The new method measuring the characteristics of transient response of surviving channels quantitatively is suggested. It is to measure the ratio of lasing output before add or drop to that after add or drop. We investigated dynamic characteristics by using this method according to lasing wavelengths and propagation directions within the cavity. Experimental measurements show that the short lasing wavelength and backward propagation direction is the best condition for small fluctuation of surviving channels.