• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2012

This paper analyzes the map of soil contamination in years of 2009 by actual survey in Incheon. South-east national industrial complex and the US Army base in Bu-Pyung are turned out to be high polluted area because spilling of oil storage facilities, vehicle and glass industries. So, the soil contamination in Incheon Metropolitan area will be getting more attention. To solve this problem, the soil contamination has been predicted by using the visual Sufer and visual Modflow which are analysis program in geotechnique and water flow. The result of analysis is that F and TPH will be retarded after 5 years. However, the contamination diffusion will be increased if there is no proper management of soil contamination.

• Water for future
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 1996

The subject research attempts to evaluate the variations of total runoff volume, peak flow, and travel time depending on the urbanhization, return periods and rainfall patterns under the situations that the preparation of a large residential site at the lowland areas of the downstream of Dongsu stream in Bupyung-Gu, Incheon city is progressed and the area will be eventually fully developed. The ILLUDAS model was used for the runoff analyses based on 3 differend steps of urbanization and 4 different types of Huff's quantile according to rainfall patterns is Huff's 4 quantile, Huff's 2 quantile, Huff's 3 quantile and Huff's 1 quantile. Under the 80 and 90 % of urbanization to the 70% of urbanization, the mean increasing ratio of total runoff volume for each case is 3.5 and 5.5 %, that of peak flow is 4.2 and 8.8%, and the mean decreasing ratio of travel time is 4.4 and 10.1%, respectively. The mean increasing ratio of total runoff volume according to the return periods is 3.0 and 5.4%, that of peak flow is 3.9 and 8.0% under the same conditions of urbanization.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 1998

Volcanic rocks including rhyolitic tuff, rhyolite and welded tuff in the Bupyeong silver mine area form a topographic circular structure known as a resurgent caldera. Granitic rocks are emplaced inside and outside area of the circular structure. K-Ar dating and Nd-Sr isotope studies were carried out to invesitigate the origin and petrogenetic evolution of the rhyolitic and granitic magma in the Bupeong silver mine area. Whole rock K-Ar age ranges from 208 to 131 Ma for rhyolitic rocks. Radiometric ages for the granitic rocks are 167.6 Ma for pink feldspar biotite granite from inside granitic pluton of the circular volcanic body, 178.8 Ma for the Kimpo hornblende biotite granite and 111.8 Ma for the Songdo foliated granite from outside granitic plutons of the volcanic body. The radiometric age data indicates that the volcanic activities which are partly overlapped by granite plutonic activities in the Bupyeong mine area had recorded early Jurassic and early Cretaceous in age. Initial Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of the rhyolitic rocks ($^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr$=0.710~0.719 and $^{143}Nd/^{144}Nd$=0.5115~0.5118) are similar to those of granitic rocks ($^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr$=0.709~0.716 and $^{143}Nd/^{144}Nd$=0.5115~0.5116) from inside granite stock. This means that similar source materials of felsic magma responsibles for the Bupyeong volcanic rocks and inside plutonic rocks. Based on the Nd and Sr isotopic compositions, rhyolitic and granitic magmas in the Bupyeong area originated from the partial melting of the old continental crust which has Nd model age ranging from 1500 to 2900 Ma. This is analogous to those of the other Jurassic granitoids in South Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2019

본 연구는 2016년부터 2017년까지 한국 정부가 선정한 다수의 도시재생사업 중 수변공간 관련 사업을 선별하여 세부내용을 살펴보고 수변공간 도시재생사업의 거버넌스 특성을 분석한다. 도시재생사업에서 거버넌스는 사업의 성패를 가르는 핵심 요소로 대두되고 있다. 특히, 협업을 통한 민간 커뮤니티의 역할과 주민참여는 더욱 중요한 비중을 갖게 되었다. 본 연구는 Tallon(2013)의 도시재생 거버넌스 네 가지 형태-관주도(top-down), 주민주도(bottom-up), 시장주도(market-led), 지주주도(property-led) 재생을 기준으로 도시재생사업 활성화계획의 세부내용을 분석한다. 향후 도시재생사업의 추진 및 시행단계에서 거버넌스의 역할이 제대로 작동할 수 있도록 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 연구의 공간적 범위를 수변공간을 한정하여 분석한 결과 총 20개의 도시재생사업이 도심 내 하천변과 해안가를 활용하여 추진되고 있었다. 구체적인 사업의 형태로는 (1) 생태하천복원, (2) 역사문화자원을 연계한 수변관광지 개발, (3) 수변네트워크 녹지 산책로 조성 (4) 항구 기반 수변도시개발 및 도심재생, (5) 섬의 이점을 활용한 수변경관사업, (6) 조선업 침체지역재생 등이 있었다. 한국의 수변공간 도시재생사업은 가장 일반적인 도시재생방식인 '관주도'로 진행되고 있었다. 그러나 지역의 권한과 역할을 강화하고자 하는 노력은 우선시되고 있었다. 또한, 관계부처 및 공공기관과의 파트너십 구축을 통한 도시재생사업의 효과성 향상을 도모하고 있었다. 특히, 부산시 영도구와 경상남도 통영시의 도시재생사업에서 협업의 노력이 두드러지게 나타났다. '마을만들기'와 같은 주민주도의 도시재생방식은 '주민참여협의체'를 통하여 일부 반영되고 있었다. 예를 들어, 서울시 도봉 노원구, 인천시 부평구, 경상남도 김해시, 부산시 영도구 등이 해당한다. 그러나 구체적인 실천 방안을 통한 주민주도 도시재생 거버넌스를 구축하는데는 부족함을 보였다. 더불어 민간투자를 유치하는 시장주도의 도시재생 접근은 찾아볼 수 없었다. 도시재생사업의 장기적이고 통합적인 특성을 고려했을 때, 안정적인 도시재생사업 추진을 위한 재원 마련에 대한 지속적인 노력이 요구된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.212-212
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• 2020

도시하천의 경우 비 강우시 하천의 유지용수가 부족하고, 도시지역에서 유입되는 오염물질로 인하여 수질악화, 악취 등의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 최근 생태하천 및 친수 공간에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있고, 이에 정부는 도시하천 복원사업을 적극적으로 추진하여 수환경개선을 위한 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 굴포천은 인천 부평구에서 경기도 김포시로 이어져 있는 국가하천으로서 수질 향상 및 유지용수 확대를 위한 굴포 하수처리수의 재이용수 활용 계획이 수립되었다. 이에 2019년 3월 자연생태하천 조성사업이 준공되었고, 굴포하수처리수에 오존처리과정을 거친 유지용수가 굴포천 상류부에 공급되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 굴포천 내 오존처리 재이용수 공급 전·후의 수질 개선 효과를 분석하기 위하여 하천수 수질기준을 활용하여 계절 별 주요 수질인자의 농도를 정량적으로 비교하였다. 유지용수 방류지점과 굴포하수처리수 방류 위치를 기준으로 굴포천 내 해석구간을 나누고, 재이용수 공급전·후 각 1년에 대하여 주요 수질을 분석하였다. 하천수 수질환경기준에 사용되는 DO, BOD, COD, TOC, SS, T-P를 중심으로 분기별 수질 분석을 한 결과, 굴포천 모든 지점에서 DO 농도는 평균적으로 증가하였고, 다른 주요 수질 인자의 농도는 감소되어 수질 개선 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 분기별 하천수 수질등급 비교 결과 재이용수 공급 전 '매우 좋음(1a)'였던 수질인자는 재이용수 공급 후에도 동일 등급을 유지하였고, 모든 수질 항목에서 계절에 따른 편차가 있었지만 재이용수 공급 이후 모든 수질등급이 향상된 것으로 나타났다.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.239-256
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• 2022

This study was to investigate the perception, performance, and difficulties of process-based assessment for high school mathematics teachers. As a qualitative case study, two in-depth group interviews were conducted with 6 high school mathematics teachers working in Incheon area. The two groups were one with more experience in process-based assessment and the other with less experience. As results, there were differences between the participant teachers' perception of process-based assessment and their actual performance depending on the experience. All six math teachers thought that the process-based assessment was intended to confirm the learner's characteristics, to evaluate the process, and to provide feedback on a regular basis immediately and individually. However, in the practical performance shared by teachers, the purpose of assessment was to create a school record. A group with a lot of experience prepared assessment criteria according to the national curriculum achievement standards, established affective assessment plans, and tried to provide individual feedback on a regular basis. On the other hand, the inexperienced group recorded the affective characteristics discovered by chance and provided temporary and large-scale feedback regardless of the achievement criteria. Finally, we suggested some implications based on the study results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand the scale of temperature change following large-scale urban developments in paddy fields to present possible measures to preserve suburban area paddy fields and to lower the scale of temperature increase after developing paddy fields in urban areas. The study was conducted in Bupyeong and Bucheon of Incheon Metropolitan City. The satellite image($1989{\sim}2000$) before and after the development of old paddy fields were used to analyze the land surface temperature changes according to the land use types. Building coverage, green coverage, non-permeable pavement coverage, and floor area ratio(FAR) were selected as the factors that influence urban temperature changes and the temperature estimation model was constructed by using correlation and regression analyses. The before and after satellite images of Bupyeong and Bucheon were classified into forests, greens and plantations, paddy fields, unused lands, and urban areas. The results indicate that most of the paddy fields that existed in the center of Bupyeong and Bucheon were converted into unused lands which were undergoing construction to become new urban areas. The difference between the surface temperatures of May 17th, 1989 and May 7th, 2000 was analyzed to reveal that most land converted from paddy fields to unused lands or urban areas saw an increase in surface temperature. Han River was used as a comparison to analyze the average surface temperature changes($1989{\sim}2000$) in former paddy fields. The scale of temperature changes were: $+1.6697^{\circ}C$ in urban parks; $+2.5503^{\circ}C$ in residential zones; $+2.9479^{\circ}C$ on public lands, $+3.0385^{\circ}C$ in commercial zones, and $+3.1803^{\circ}C$ in educational zones. The correlation between building coverage, green coverage, non-permeable pavement coverage, or floor area ratio(FAR) and surface temperature increases was also analyzed. The green coverage to temperature increases, but building coverage, non-permeable pavement coverage, and floor area ratio(FAR) had no statistically significant temperature increases. The factors that influence urban temperature changes were set up as independent variables and the surface temperature changes as dependent variables to construct a surface temperature change model for the land use types of former paddy fields. As a result of regression analysis, green coverage was selected as the most significant independent variable. According to regression analysis, if farmland is converted into an urban area, a temperature increase of $+3.889^{\circ}C$ is anticipated with 0% green coverage. The temperature saw a decrease of $-0.43^{\circ}C$ with every 10% increase of green coverage.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.115-119
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• 2012

'Gonji-5ho', a new variety of oyster mushroom, for the bag culture, was bred by mating two monokaryons isolated from 'Chiak-3ho'and 'Suhan-1ho'. In the characteristics of fruit body, pilei were thick and gray and stipes were thick, and long, and soft. It was better in elasticity and cohesivness of tissue compared to Suhan-1ho. Compared to other varieties, it was suitable to grow at higher temperature. The range of optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was around 26~29 and that for the pinheading and growth of fruit body was around $18{\sim}20^{\circ}C$. But when it was cultuered in lower than $15^{\circ}C$, growth was not uniform, culture period was longer, and stipes were uneven. In the bag culture, it was required around 18 days in incubation period and 3 days in primordia formation. The fruit body growth was vital and uniform. The yield was 221.4g/1kg bag.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Spirodelae Herba pharmacopuncture(SHP) on the adipogenesis in 3T3 cells, lipolysis in rat epididymal adipocytes and histological changes in porcine adipose tissue. Methods : Inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation and/or stimulation of lipolysis play important roles in reducing obesity. 3T3 preadipocytes were differentiated with adipogenic reagents by incubating for 3 days in the absence or presence of SHP ranging from 0.01 to $1.0mg/m{\ell}$. The effect of SHP on adipogenesis was examined by measuring glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) activity and by Oil Red O staining. Mature adipocytes from rat epididymal fat pad was incubated with SHP ranging from 0.01 to $1.0mg/m{\ell}$ for 3 days. The effect of SHP on lipolysis was examined by measuring free glycerol released. Fat tissue from porcine skin was injected with SHP ranging from 0.1 to $10.0mg/m{\ell}$ to examine the effect of SHP onhistological changes under light microscopy. Results : Following results were obtained from the preadipocyte proliferation and lipolysis adipocyte and histologic investigation of fat tissue 1. SHP showed the effect of decreased preadipocyte proliferation on the high dosage($1mg/m{\ell}$). 2. SHP showed the effect of decreased the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) on the high dosage($1mg/m{\ell}$). 3. Investigated the changes in lipolysis of differentiated adipocyte after treated SHP, we knew that these pharmacopuncture showed increasing the effect of lipolysis in all concentration significantly. 4. Investigated the histological changes in porcine fat tissue after treated SHP, we knew that these pharmacopuncture showed significant activity to the lysis of extensive cell membranes on high dosage($10.0mg/m{\ell}$). Conclusions : These results suggest that SHP efficiently induces diminishing proliferation of preadipocyte and lipolysis in adipose tissue.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.33-43
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• 2012

As part of recent sustainable transport, bike has come into the spotlight as a green transport at close range to link between walking and public transit and also alterative to solve problems of existing vehicle travel. Some arguments on promotion of using bicycles have already been made in Europe, the U.S and other developed countries. To be sure, much has been written extensively in description of utilization of bike oriented by supplier, for examples, Level of Service with bike path, infrastructure such as bicycle racks and lounge etc. Therefore, our study has been differentiated in development of new evaluation model focused on level of bike user's satisfaction, comprehensively considering suitability for bikeway installation, connectivity of the public transportation system and stability in Incheon City. ANP(Analytic Network Process) analysis which is able to allow consideration of the interdependence of criteria has been hired due to multi-collinearity instead of AHP used in multi-criteria decision analysis. Last but not least, we drew bike route on a case-by-case for maintenance and improvement of its facility in Namdong-gu and Bupyeong-gu. To conclude, suggested finding has dem onstrated the validity of evaluation scheme for bikeways which is appropriate for type and purpose and ultimately this can be used to establish policy decision making for improvement of bikeway.