• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.7 no.1 s.13
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 1999

For the close range digital photogrammetry, multi-step procedures should be embodied in an integrated system. However, it is hard to construct an Integrated system through conventional procedural processing. Using Object Oriented Programming(OOP), photogrammetric processings can be classified with corresponding subjects and it is easy to construct an integrated system lot digital photogrammetry as well as to add the newly developed classes. In this study, the equation of 3-dimensional mathematic model is developed to make an immediate calibration of the CCD camera, the focus distance of which varies according to the distance of the object. Classes for the input and output of images are also generated to carry out the close range digital photogrammetric procedures by OOP. Image matching, coordinate transformation, dirct linear transformation and bundle adjustment are performed by producing classes corresponding to each part of data processing. The bundle adjustment, which adds the principle coordinate and focal length term to the non-photogrammetric CCD camera, is found to increase usability of the CCD camera and the accuracy of object positioning. In conclusion, classes and their hierarchies in the digital photogrammetry are designed to manage multi-step procedures using OOP and close range digital photogrammetric process is implemented using CCD camera in an integrated System.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2015

This paper introduces the development of imaging luminance meter which measures the luminances of external/internal road tunnel. The developed imaging luminance meter complies with both L20 method and Veiling luminance method of the international standards, CIE88. In this paper the L20 method is mainly presented because most of tunnels currently adapt L20 method. The developed system has an embedded computer to operate at stand-alone. The system has a ethernet port, a heater, a fan, a defroster, a wiper and sun shielder. Compensation algorithm is applied for correcting non-linear responses to the luminance and integration time. The accuracy of measurement is less than 1% when it calibrated at the public certification institute. The developed system was also tested at the real field, road tunnel. The test results were very similar with the reference luminance meter and showed that the developed system operates well at the real field. Partial sensor saturations were happened to show the less luminance, because there were the high reflecting objects in the real field. Further study should be followed for high luminance measurement.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.18 no.4 s.62
• /
• pp.257-266
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological reaction to the image of the worship space in the church buildings and to quantify its contribution of the stimulation elements causing such reaction, and finally to suggest basic data for realizing emotional worship space of the church architecture. For this, 143 christians were surveyed to analyze the relationship between 23 emotional expressions extracted from the worship space and 32 images of the worship space. The combined data was described with the two dimensional dispersion using the quantification theory III. The analysis found out that 'simplicity-complexity' of the image consisted of the horizontal axis (the x-axis) and 'creativity' of the image the vertical axis(the y-axis). In addition, to extract the causal relationship between the value of emotional reaction and its stimulation elements quantitatively, the author indicated 4 emotional word groups such as simple, sublime for x-axis and typical creative for y-axis based on its similarity by the cluster analysis, The quantification theory I was also used with total value of equivalent emotional words as the standard variance and the emotional stimulation elements of the worship space as the independent variance. 9 specific examples of the emotional stimulation elements were selected including colors and shapes of the wall and the ceiling, shapes and finish of the floor materials, window shapes, and the use of the symbolic elements. Furthermore, 31 subcategories were also chosen to analyse their contribution on the emotional reaction. As a result, the color and finish of the wall found to be the most effective element on the subjects' emotional reaction, while the symbolic elements and the color of the wall found to be the least effective. It is estimated that the present study would be helpful to increase the emotional satisfaction of the users and to approach a spatial design through satisfying the types and purposes of the space.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2004

This paper proposes a vector error diffusion method for smear artifact reduction in the boundary region. This artifact mainly results from a large accumulation of quantization errors. In particular, color bands with a smear artifact, the width of a few pixels appear along the edges. Accordingly, to reduce this artifact, the proposed halftoning process excludes the large accumulated Quantization error by comparing the vector norms and vector angles between the error-corrected vector and eight primary color patches. When the vector norm of the error corrected vector is larger than those of eight primary color patches, the quantization error vector is excluded from the quantization error distribution process. In addition, the quantization error is also excluded when the angle between eight primary color patches and error corrected vector is large. As a result, the proposed method enables a visually pleasing halftone pattern to be generated by all three color separations into account in a device- independent color space and reduces smear artifact in the boundary regions.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.398-412
• /
• 2005

There is an increasing interest in migration legacy systems to new hardware platforms and to new software development paradigms. The reason is that high maintenance costs and lack of documentation. In order to migrate or transform legacy system, various approaches such as screen scrapping, wrapping, semi-development, and re-development, tools, and methodologies are introduced until now. However, architecture or requirements level's transformation is not suggested because most of those approaches focus on code-level transformation or a few model-level transform. In this paper, we suggest a meta-model driven approach applying 3D space concept, which can be applied into architecture and requirement phase. Proposed integrated model drives seamless migration or co-evolution from code to architecture of reverse engineering and from architecture to code of forward engineering.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2010

Ray-object intersection is an important element in ray tracing that takes up a substantial amount of computing time. In general, such spatial data structure as kd-tree has been frequently used for static scenes to accelerate the intersection computation. Recently, a few variants of kd-tree traversal have been proposed suitable for the GPU that has a relatively restricted computing architecture compared to the CPU. In this article, we propose yet another two implementation techniques that can improve those previous ones. First, we present a cached stack method that is aimed to reduce the costly global memory access time needed when the stack is allocated to global memory. Secondly, we present a rope-with-short-stack method that eases the substantial memory requirement, often necessary for the previous rope method. In order to show the effectiveness of our techniques, we compare their performances with those of the previous GPU traversal methods. The experimental results will provide prospective GPU ray tracer developers with valuable information, helping them choose a proper kd-tree traversal method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.11
• /
• pp.2575-2580
• /
• 2013

In this paper, we watch out key measure of the level of transportation service about travel time and delay time. And we measured vehicle traffic by moving vehicle method using CCTV which is one of the travel time measure. We should be measured in place of continuous traffic flow characteristics with wide traffic light interval. In addition, traffic flow on the other side of the interval must be sufficiently identifiable and at the end of this section must be possible U-turn. This method it requires only the driver of the vehicle because of the CCTV measure. In addition, We cannot require time, distance, and traffic equipment that can be recorded. Because equipped with the software to do that. In addition to traffic, average travel time, average space speed, traffic density are also available.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.273-295
• /
• 2023

The Beopmaru, Supreme Court Library of Korea, the national library of the judiciary, is the only one that can help reduce the justice gap and increase access to justice by allowing the general public and legal experts to read and circulate. Accordingly, this study identified user satisfaction with the Beopmaru public service through surveys and interviews and derived ways to improve the service. User satisfaction was in the following order out of 5 points: response of librarian 4.62 points, facility management 4.48 points, and cultural programs such as events and lectures 4.33 points. Satisfaction with collection composition was the lowest at 3.97 points. This appears to be because collection composition is where legal expertise has the greatest impact on satisfaction. As satisfaction with the collection composition was the lowest, collection expansion was the highest at 44%(114 people) as a service that Beopmaru needs to strengthen in the future, and a balanced collection of books according to the user base is needed in the future. Based on this, improvement measures were proposed to include dualizing the Beopmaru reading space and services for the general public and legal experts, strengthening its identity as a legal library, improving the system, and strengthening publicity and response of librarian. If the Beopmaru public service is successfully established through continuous research in the library and information community, it will be possible to improve the service quality of the law library industry as a whole, including law libraries, and increase user satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.380-386
• /
• 2018

One of the most difficult technical aspects of music is vocals (the voice). Unlike ordinary musical instruments, it is difficult to apply common values because the tone (that is, the color) varies greatly depending on the singer, and therefore, it is necessary to properly mix in various effects. Therefore, this study is intended to suggest concepts, the current state, and effective usage of reverberation (or reverb), which is the most typical of vocal effects, using wave renaissance reverb, which is one of the effects that are the most commonly used by students. The most important part of the mixing process in popular music is how to enhance the voice. Since the spatial impression of sound makes music more beautiful, the role of reverb as a vocal effect is absolute. Computer technology has made it easier to create music, but it has produced a side effect in which individual technique falls short, such as using predetermined presets only. Studies on the use of reverb by musicians through more detailed efforts are expected to contribute to creating good music.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.06a
• /
• pp.189-201
• /
• 2000

접근성이란 특정 목적을 가진 통행자가 한 지점에서 다른 지점으로 얼마나 쉽게 갈 수 있는가 를 나타내는 척도를 말한다. 따라서 접근성은 주로 공간적인 거리나 시간이 가장 중요한 요인으로 작용하며 최근에는 공간적 거리보다는 접근시간이 더 중요한 접근성 척도로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 GIS공간분석기법과 접근성이론을 접목하여 도시시설의 적정후보지 평가방법을 정립한 후 현재 검토되고 있는 수도권 도심공항터미널 입지 후보지 중 어떤 후보지가 이용들의 총통행시간을 최소화하는 후보 지인가에 대해 평가해보았다. 평가 결과 다음과 같은 사실을 밝힐 수 있었다. 첫째, 수도권 전체로 볼 때 평균접근시간이 가장 양호한 후보지는 쌍문터미널(현 간이 도심공항터미널)이고, 2위는 현 삼성동 도심공항터미널과 강남고속터미널, 3위는 동서울터미널과 남서울터미널 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 수도권전체 이용자들의 총통행시간을 최소로 하는 도심공항터미널 후보지는 접근성이 가장 양호한 쌍문동터미널이 아니라 현 서울역이 1위이고, 2위는 강남고속 터미널, 3위는 용산 역으로 나타났다. 셋째, 터미널 후보지간의 가중평균접근 시간은 도심인 서울시내에 입지한 후보지와 수도권 외곽에 입지 한 후보지간에 큰 차이가 없으나 총 이용자 접근시간은 서울시에 입지한 후보지보다 외곽의 후보지가 훨씬 높게 나타나 뚜렷한 차별성을 보이고 있다. 넷째, 최적후보지 1,2,3순위 모두 서울도심과 강남도심에 입지한 지역들로 나타나 교통의 접근성 보다는 아직 인구밀집도가 주요 도시시설의 입지결정에 주요한 결정요인 되는 것으로 나타났다.해석 시스템을 구축할 예정이다. 추후에는 하수도 관망해석 컴포넌트와 하수도 업무 컴포넌트와의 통합부분에 대한 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다.7.0로 하고 표준(標準) EDTA 용액(溶液)을 소량(少量)넣고 8N-KOH로 pH $12{\sim}13$으로 하고 N-N 희석분말(稀釋粉末)을 지시약(指示藥) 으로써 표준(標準) EDTA 용액(溶液)으로 적정(滴定)하여 Ca 치(値)를 얻었다. Ca와 Mg의 합계결정치(合計決定値)와 Ca 적정치(滴定値) 차(差)로 Mg 치(値)를 얻었다. 음(陰) ion 구분(區分)으로부터 상법(常法)에 의하여 $MgNH_4PO_4$의 침전(沈澱)을 만들어서 HCl에 녹키고 일정량(一定量)의 표준(標準) EDTA 용액(溶液)을 넣어 pH 7.0로 한다음 완충액(緩衝液)으로 pH 10으로 하고 BT 지시약(指示藥)을 써서 표준(標準) Mg $SO_4$용액(溶液)으로 적정(滴定)하여 P 치(値)를 얻었다. 본법(本法)으로 Na-phytate를 분석(分析)한 결과(結果) Na-phytate의 분자식(分子式)을 $C_6H_6O_{24}P_6Mg_4CaNa_2{\cdot}5H_2O$라고 하였을 때의 이론치(理論値)에 비(比)하여 P가 98.9% Cark 97.1%, Mg가 99.1%이고 통계처리(統計處理)한 결과분석치(結果分析値)와 이론치(理論値)는 잘 일치(一致)된다. 그러나 종래법(從來法)에 의(依)한 분석치(分析値)는 이론치(理論値)에 비(比)하여 P가 92.40%, Cark 86.80