• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.11 no.4 s.33
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• pp.7-11
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• 2004

In this paper, a $\lambda$/4 hairpin resonator is applied to reduce the size of planar resonators for a 2.4 GHz Band LTCC MLC bandpass filter. The $\lambda$/4 hairpin resonator operates as stepped impedance resonator (SIR) without changing the width of the planar resonator. It is composed of two sections those are parallel coupled line and transmission line. The characteristic impedance of two sections is different each other. The design formulas of the bandpass filter using the coupling element at the arbitrary position are derived from even and odd-mode analysis. The formulas can take account of the arbitrary coupling of lumped and/or distributed resonators. The advantage of this filter is its abilities to change freely the coupling structure between two resonators. Experimental bandpass filters for 2.4 GHz Band are implemented and their performances are shown.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.1332-1337
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• 2006

In this paper, a noble second stage hetero-estimator is used for positioning error detection in mobile robot. Previous methods are either expensive in the case of positioning error correction or not able to detect positioning error. To overcome the latter shortage, the positioning error detection is performed using second stage hetero-estimator in motor model of mobile robot without any additional costs. A Kalman filter in the estimator gets the residual of motor current and an adaptive self-tunning filter checks the whiteness of the residual. Some simulation results show the possibility of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1055-1063
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• 2012

The noise of image is added by many environmental factors. Therefore, we need to remove these noises using the conventional filtering methods, which are optimized based on the statistical characteristic of noise. In direct restoration method, there is an inverse filter and the wiener filter. Here, the wiener filter is the optimized filter in the view of least square method. First, we are going to study the inverse filter, wiener filter, constraint least square filter. Second, in order to control the quantity, we use the parameters instead of the power spectrum ratio. But, these parameters have the conflicting condition, therefore, we optimized the variables using parametric wiener filter which adjust the application appropriately. In the simulation results, the contrast of the degraded image was enhanced and the noise was removed. Comparative experimentation was demonstrated edge preserving and noise removing property.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2000

This study is to dvelop a radiotelemetry system to transmit and receive ECG (electrocardiograph) and event signals by using the frequency division multiplexing(FDM) technique. ECG signal sensed by the electrodes is amplified and added to the event signals acting in different frequency range for lead-off, nurse call and low level battery by using FDM. The sub-carrier oscillator using Colpitts circuits and main carrier frequency which is multiplied is frequency modulated by this superhetrodyne technique, and demodulated from the compose IF signal through the quadrature demodulator. A pulse counter demodulator and filtering circuits extract the original ECG and event signals.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.227-230
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• 1999

잔향에 대한 인간의 주관적인 지각을 잔향기 설계에 객관적인 수치로써 반영하는 방법으로, 5 자유도 잔향 모델이 제안된 바 있다[1]. 5자유도 잔향 모델은 잔향에 대한 다섯 개의 객관적인 평가량들을 이용하여 시간에 따른 음 에너지 감쇠 곡선을 근사화한 것이다. 즉 5 자유도 잔향 모델을 이용하여 청취자가 원하는 특성을 갖는 잔향을 객관적으로 묘사할 수 있고, 이는 잔향을 합성할 때 잔향 필터의 설계 기준이 된다. 그러나 이 모델로부터 만들 수 있는 잔향 필터의 개수는 실로 무한하고, 그 중에는 인간이 듣기에 부자연스러운 합성음을 만들어 내는 경우도 있다. 즉 자연스러운 잔향을 만들기 위해서는 잔향 모델 외에도 부가적인 잔향 설계 기준이 필요하다. 시간, 주파수 영역에서 대표적인 특성을 갖는 몇 종류의 원음에 대한 청음실험을 통해, 필요한 잔향 설계 기준을 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.398-402
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 유ㆍ무선 통신 채널을 통한 데이터 전송시 발생하는 비선형 왜곡을 적응 필터를 이용하여 보상하였다. 특히 통신채널에서는 심볼간 간섭(ISI)이 발생하는데 이러한 간섭을 비선형 필터를 이용하여 제거하였다. 비선형 채널을 모델링하는 방법에는 볼테라급수를 이용하는 방법과 쌍선형 방법이 있다. 쌍선형 방법은 볼테라 방법에 비하여 계산량이 적은 장점을 지니고 있다. 따라서 쌍선형 필터에 적응 알고리듬을 적용하여 신호의 왜곡을 보상하였다. 적응 알고리듬에는 LMS 계열과 LS 계열 알고리듬이 있으나 통신 채널에서는 알고리듬의 안정도가 중요하므로 LMS 계열 알고리듬을 적용하였다. 또한 적응 알고리듬은 입력 데이터의 상관성과 데이터 수에 의존하여 수렴속도와 안정도가 결정된다. 알고리듬의 수렴속도를 증가시키기 위하여 입력신호를 신호파형으로부터 다량의 데이터를 검출하는 방법을 적용하였다. 이러한 방법을 입증하기 위하여 입력신호는 2진 랜덤 가우시안 데이터를 이용하였고, 통신채널에서 채널간 간섭을 발생시켰으며 화이트 가우시안 잡음을 부가 시켰다. 이러한 신호를 수신한 수신기에 적응 등화기를 설계하여 대량의 데이터를 생성시키고, 적응 알고리듬을 적용하여 채널의 왜곡을 빠른 속도로 보상하였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.4 s.29
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• pp.540-547
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• 2005

In the DFE(Decision Feedback Equalizer) for ATSC DTV receivers, there are decision errors in the slicer or. the simplified trellis decoder, and these decided false data comes to the feedback filter to make the error propagation phenomenon. The error propagation degrades the equalizer performance by increasing residual errors as well as slowing down the convergence rate. In this paper we propose a dual-feedback equalization structure. There are two feedback filters. One is the decision feedback filter which uses the simplified trellis decoder output data, the other is non-decision feedback filter which uses the equalizer output data. The additional non-decision feedback filter doesn't introduce the error propagation, so it can compensate the error propagation. The proposed structure accelerates the convergence rate as well as reduces output men-square error(MSE). We analyzed the performance enhancement of DTV receiver using dual-feedback equalization structure.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 1989

Detection of an underwater target by acoustic wave raises various difficulties due to unpredictable noise interference which originates from clutter, reverberation, and variations of medium characteristics with time and location. The SNR and the range resolution of conventional SONAR systems using a matched filter are generally poor, since the latter is optimum only in the additive white noise case. Furthermore, it cannot compensate for variations of the detection level which are responsible for the resultant detection errors. In this paper, the unpredictable interferences are compensated for by using an adaptive filter. It recursively estimates the channel impulse response based on the received echo signal. In the low noise environments, the estimated impulse response is close to the true one, providing a good range resolution, and a matched filter is used subsequently for the purpose of detection. It is shown through computer simulation that good performance can be achieved via the two steps of filtering. Also, the detection level remains unchanged without any additional provisions. Finally, we present the characteristics of the employed adaptive filter parameters.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2003

The use of digital filters in the signal process field is increasing rapidly with development of the modern industrial society. Especially, detail processors, Y/C separators, ghost removing filters, standard converters (NTSC to PAL or PAL to NTSC) and noise reducers, all of which use digital filters, tend to be used in digital video and audio processing, CATV and various communication fields. Generally, there are two different digital filters, the Rf (infinite impulse response) filter and the FIR (finite impulse response) filter in digital filter. In this paper, we have designed FIR filter which has the phase linearity and the easiness of creation. In the design of the FIR digital filter, the window function is used to alleviate the ripples caused by Gibbs Phenomenon around the cut off frequency of the band pass. But there're some problems to choose proper window function for the design destination due to its fixed values. Therefore, in this paper, we designed a modified Hanning window with new parameter which is adaptively chosen corresponding to design objectives. The digital filter was simulated to prove the validity of the model and it was compared with the Hamming, the Manning, the Blacknan and the Kaiser window function. And we have used peak side-lobe and transient characteristics as standard of judgement.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.5 s.111
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• pp.331-334
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• 2006

In this paper, we designed and fabricated the lowpass filter with the wide stopband characteristics using microp- strip line. Adding the $\lambda_g/4$ open stub at the input and output ports, we developed the L-C ladder type lowpass filter using the open stub which has wide stopband characteristics. In order to reduce the entire size qf this filter, the high impedance microstrip lines were made with the meander structure. The lowpass filter was fabricated with the cutoff frequency 2.3 GHz and its measured frequency responses agree well with the simulation results.