• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2010

Herein is described a new species of Impatiens violascens B.U. Oh & Y.Y. Kim (Balsaminaceae) discovered on Bohyeon Mountain in Yeongcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. The new species is distinct from a closely-related species, I. textorii, by having a flower half the size that of I. textorii, sharply narrowed lower sepal, one half- to one time-coiled spur, and distal lobes of elliptical type laterally united petals. The key to these two species is provided.

• The Korea Beekeeping Bulletin
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• s.346
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• pp.52-53
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• 2009

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2010

The taxonomic entity and morphological characteristics of Impatiens furcillata were reviewed based on the original description and the type specimen. As a result, I. furcillata, by having glabrous stems, descending and glabrous peduncles, and pinkish white flowers, is strikingly distinguishable from other taxa of Korean Impatiens. Both I. hypophylla var. koreana and I. kojeensis are treated as synonyms of I. furcillata, for their morphological characteristics, were the same as those of I. furcillata. In addition, the Korean name for I. furcillata was changed to 'Cheo-jin-mul-bong-seon' instead of 'San-mul-bong-seon'.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.383-387
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• 2017

In 2016, less than 30% of virus-like symptoms such as chlorosis, necrosis and ringspots were observed in Hoya carnosa from commercial greenhouse in Eumseong, Korea. A total of 6 samples from Hoya carnosa were collected both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants and tested for virus infection by RT-PCR of 3 viruses known to infect Hoya spp. including Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) and Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV). Three symptomatic samples were positives for INSV. Also, it was not the virus detected in three asymptomatic samples. To further confirm the presence of INSV, complete nucleocapsid (N) gene of the virus were amplified and sequenced from two samples. BLAST analysis of the consensus sequence showed that two isolates (INSV-Hy1 and -Hy2) shared nucleotide sequence identities of 99% with each other and 97-99% with other INSV isolates available in the GenbBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these isolates closely related to the INSV isolates from ornamental from China. This is the first report of INSV on Hoya carnosa from Korea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.382-386
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• 2005

To investigate the effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on growth and biochemical defense responses of plant, garden balsam (Impatiens balsamina L.) was subjected to four levels of SAR based on pH (5.6, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0) and placed in the growth chambers for 2 weeks. SAR drastically inhibited both height and dry weight of garden balsam. The content of total carotenoid was tended to decrease, but the level of malondialdehyde was significantly increased by SAR. As the pH levels decreased from 5.6 to 2.0, the content of dehydroascorbate and oxidized glutathione of the plant were significantly increased. The enzyme (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase etc.) activities of the plant affected by SAR were increased as the pH decreased. The results indicate that garden balsam may receive oxidative stresses by the application of SAR and by which the plant growth can be significantly retarded. A biochemical protective mechanism might be activated to nullify the oxidative stresses generated through SAR.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.77-104
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• 2013

In this study we examined the concerned literature for clinical use of Balsaminaceae plants focusing on the latest literature "zhong hua ben cao"(chinese materia medica, 1998). The findings were summarized as follows: 1. As an original plant, 27 species have been reviewed. 2. As a result of investigating oriental drug names by medicinal using part, a survey reported that the total of 22 species of oriental drug names, including 14 species of herba, 3 species of flos, 4 species of radix and rhizoma, and 1 species of semen, are being used for clinical use. 3. When we examined oriental drugs with five flavors by calculating and arranging their nature, effect, toxicity with points for conveniences sake, pungent and bitte showed 13 points, respectively, as main flavors. In drug nature, warm property of drug indicated 10 points and cold property of drug obtained 6 points. But as for other oriental drug, it is thought that we can recognize their significance. 4. With respect to efficacy, activating blood drug reached 10 kinds and wind- damp-dispelling 7 kinds, according to the examination. 5. In the examination on components and medicinal action, we examined that components are recorded in only impatiens balsamina's whole grass, flowers, root, root stems, and seeds, and Impatiens noli-tangere's whole grass. In medical action, we found out that the components are recorded in impatiens balsamina' flowers and seeds; impatiens noli-tangere's whole grass and flowers; and Impatiens textori' whole grass. 6. As a result of examining clinical prescription, the total of 84 kinds of clinical prescriptions by disease nature were examined, of which the prescription of Impatiens balsamina showed 19 cases in total, which was remarkable.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1982

The pollen morphology of 2 forms, 6 varieties, 50 species, 15 genera, 11 families of Korean Sapindales was studied. The keys were provided for general and families of Korean Sapindales. General pollen morphology was diversed and taxonomically significant differences were obtained in shape, aperture, type and size, sculpture pattern and exine thickness of pollen grains. Pollen grains of Korean Sapindales could be grouped into four types and five subtypes. One of five sub-types pollen grains of Acer could be ground into four under subtypes: ginnala type, barbinerve type, psseudo-sieboldianum type and negundo type. Pollen morphology of Empetraceae, Buxaceae and Balsaminaceae appeared to have very special features in the equatorial view and aperature type compare with pollen grain of the other families of Korean Sapindales.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.240-247
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• 1992

Impatiens balsamina Linne(Balsaminaceae) known as 'BONG SUN HWA' in Korea and has been used for the treatment of scrofulosis, carbunculus and dysenteria etc. Bioassay-guided fractionation of MeOH extract from the whole plants of Impatiens balsamina has afforded a simple naphthoquinone derivative, 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. The structure of this compound was established by spectroscopic methods. This compound possessed strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans, AspergiIlus niger, Crytococcus neoformans and Epidermophyton floccusum. The activity of 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone on E. floccusum $(MIC{\;}:{\;}5.0{\;}{\mu}g/ml)$ was the same potency as that of nystatin. It showed also strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis as well as gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhimurium. Although the activity of this compound on gram-negative bacteria was lower than that of gram-positive bacteria.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2001

To investigate the effects of soil acidification on growth of Impatiens balsamina L. plants were transplanted to acidified soils with H$_2$SO$_4$ solution. The concentrations of soluble Ca, Mg, K, Al and Mn in the acidified soils increased with increment of H$^{+}$ addition to the soil. In both species, the plant height and root length were inhibited by soil acidification, showing much severer inhibition in Impatiens balsamina L. than in Tagetes patula L., As the soil pH decreases, the growth of underground parts decreased greatly than that of above ground parts in both species. Total dry weight decreased with increased Al concentration as well as lowered soil pH in both plants. There was a strong positive correlation between relative total dry weight and molar (Ca+Mg+K) / Al ratio of the soil. The results suggest that molar(Ca+Mg+K)/ Al ratio of the soil may be useful indicator for assessing the critical load of acid deposition in herb species.s.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.125-133
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• 2012

본 논문은 피부미백에 관한 실험적 연구로서, 봉선화(Impatiens balsamina Linne)의 성분 중에서 하이드록시-나프타-퀴논(hydroxynaphthoquinone)이 멜라닌 생성억제 효능, 색소침착 저해 효과 등의 미백 활성이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 피부흑화(melanogenesis)는 멜라닌 색소생성세포(melanocyte)에서 자외선 등의 자극에 대한 방어기작으로 멜라닌 생성 활동이 증가되고 이로 말미암아 만들어진 다량의 멜라닌이 각질형성세포(keratinocyte)로 전이되어 피부 표피층에 축척된 결과이다. 비록 멜라닌이 피부에 보호작용을 하나 피부의 과색소 침착은 기미, 주근깨, 피부염증 후의 피부흑화, 노인성 색소반점 등을 일으키며 이로 인해 피부미용 상의 불편뿐만 아니라 정신적으로 부정적인 영향을 미쳐 사회활동에 불편을 초래하기도 한다. 멜라닌 생성 과정은 아미노산의 일종인 티로신(tyrosine)에 티로시나제(tyrosinase)라는 효소가 작용하여 도파(DOPA), 도파퀴논(dopaquinone)으로 바뀐 후 비효소적인 산화 반응을 거쳐 만들어 지며, 이것이 피부 내에 이상 침착하여 기미, 검버섯 등이 생기는 것이라고 알려져 있다. 이와 같은 색소침착, 기미, 반점 등의 완화, 예방 및 치료에는 멜라닌 생성을 억제하는 물질, 예를 들면 하이드로퀴논(hydroquinone), 알부틴, 비타민 C 및 그 유도체 등이 개발되어 사용되고 있으나 이 중, 하이드로퀴논은 일단 효과가 인정되고 있지만 감작성이 있기 때문에 일반적으로 사용이 제한되고 있다. 아스콜빈산은 쉽게 산화되어, 이를 배합한 제품에는 변색, 변취가 되는 문제를 야기하고, 식물추출물 유래의 물질들은 식물의 산지에 따라 효능의 차이가 심하여 제품의 균질성이 유지되기 어렵다. 이러한 이유로 많은 멜라닌 생성을 억제하는 물질을 개발하기 위한 연구들이 계속 진행하고 있다. 2-히드록시-[1,4]나프토퀴논 유도체는 다음과 같은 구조를 나타낸다. 상기 구조에서 R은 포화 혹은 불포화된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알킬로서, 바람직하게는 C1 내지 C10의 포화 혹은 불포화된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알킬이고, 보다 바람직하게는 C1 내지 C5의 포화 혹은 불포화된 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알킬이다. 실험에 활용된 화합물은 다음과 같은 반응식으로 얻어졌다. 2-히드록시-[1,4]나프토퀴논과 포타슘카보네이트(K2CO3)를 아세토니트릴에 용해한 후, 저온수조로 냉각하고 알킬할라이드를 적당한 당량비로 천천히 적하하여 히드록시기와 에테르(ether) 반응을 통하여 얻어질 수 있다. 상기 반응식에서 R은 C1~10의 포화 또는 불포화된 알킬기로서 직쇄형 또는 분지쇄형 모두 가능하다. 상기 화합물인 2-히드록시-[1,4]나프토퀴논(2-hydroxynaphthoquinone)은 배양된 쥐의 멜라노마 세포에 대하여 하이드로퀴논과 대등한 멜라닌 생성 억제효과를 보였다. 하이드로퀴논은 저농도에서 강력한 멜라닌 생성 억제효과를 보이지만 상기 화합물들은 보다 낮은 농도에서도 세포독성을 나타내지 않으며 하이드로퀴논보다 높은 멜라닌 생성 억제 효과를 보였다.