• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.3A
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• pp.276-283
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• 2002

This paper proposes a new color constancy algorithm using the maximum luminance surface. This method uses a linear model which represents the characteristics of human visual system. The most important process of linear model is the estimation of the spectral distributions of illumination from an input image. To estimate of the spectral distributions of illumination from an input image, we first estimate spectral distribution functions of reflected light on the brightest surface. Then, we estimate surface reflectance functions corresponding to the maximum luminance surface using a principal component analysis of the given munsell chips. We finally estimate the spectral distributions of illumination in an image. Using an estimated illumination, we recover an image by scaling it regularly for the lightness calibration. From the experimental results, the proposed method was effective in recovering the color images compared with others.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.373-376
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• 2009

영상처리 기술은 인간의 시각에 기반을 둔 영상정보와 관련된 분야에서 중요한 기반 기술로써 현재 여러 분야에서 연구가 활발하게 진행 중이다. 여러 응용 분야에서 사용되는 영상처리의 세부 기술범위는 영상 변환, 영상 개선, 영상 복원, 영상 압축등과 같이 다양하며, 이런 영상처리 기술의 중요한 연구 목표 중의 하나는 정확한 정보 추출을 위한 영상정보의 개선에 있다. 영상정보의 개선은 영상의 해석과 인식을 위한 기본적인 과제이며, 영상에서 나타날 수 있는 잡음을 제거하는 영상처리 기술이 영상정보 개선의 한 분야라고 할 수 있다. 영상정보 개선을 위한 기존의 필터링 알고리즘은 잡음제거율이 높은 만큼 경계선의 보존이 어렵다는 단점이 있으며, 이를 보완하기 위해 다른 영상처리 알고리즘을 함께 응용하여 처리함으로써 처리시간이 증가되고 원 영상의 중요한 정보를 훼손할 가능성이 존재한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존의 필터링 알고리즘의 문제점을 개선하는 동시에 잡음 제거율을 높일 수 있는 Fuzzy Mask Filter 알고리즘을 제안한다. Fuzzy Mask Filter 알고리즘은 마스크에서 얻은 정보를 Fuzzy Logic에 적용하여 임계값을 구하며, 구해진 임계값을 기준으로 출력영상의 화소값을 결정하는 알고리즘이다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘의 효율성을 검증하기 위해 Impulse 잡음과 Salt pepper 잡음을 임의로 생성하여 기존의 알고리즘과 비교한 결과, 제안된 방법이 잡음 영상에 존재하는 픽셀 정보를 훼손하지 않고 잡음을 효과적으로 제거한 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.640-658
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• 2012

One of the existing terrestrial multi-channel DTV service frameworks, called KoreaView, provides four programs, composed of MPEG-2 based one HD video and H.264/AVC based three SD videos within one single 6MHz frequency bandwidth. However the additional 3 SD videos can not provide enough quality due to its reduced spatial resolution and low target bitrates. In this paper, we propose a framework, which is called a terrestrial multi-channel high quality hybrid DTV service, to overcome such a weakness of KoreaView services. In the proposed framework, the three additional SD videos are encoded based on an H.264/SVC Spatial Base layer, which is compliant with H.264/AVC, and are delivered via broadcasting networks. On the other hand, and the corresponding three additional HD videos are encoded based on an H.264/SVC Spatial Enhancement layer, which are transmitted over broadband networks such as Internet, thus allowing the three additional videos for users with better quality of experience. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, various experimental results are provided for real video contents being used for DTV services. First, the experimental results show that, when the SD sequences are encoded by the H.264/SVC Spatial Base layer at a target bitrate of 1.5Mbps, the resulting PSNR values are ranged from 34.5dB to 42.9dB, which is a sufficient level of service quality. Also it is noted that 690kbps-8,200kbps are needed for the HD test sequences when they are encoded in the H.264/SVC Spatial Enhancement layer at similar PSNR values for the same HD sequences encoded by MPEG-2 at a target bitrate of 12 Mbps.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.13-29
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• 1998

Recently, It is increasing popularity to research on the soil remediation in aspect of management by reason of the hazardous impact on the contaminated soil in Korea. It was investigated high levels of arsenic salts in soil near abandoned five mines(Darak, Daduk, Jingok, Dalsung, Ilkwang) located in Youngnam area. Arsenic, classified as group A(Human Carcinogens) from IRIS, have shown statistically significant increment in skin cancer with oral exposure. This paper was conducted to predict excess cancer risk value (to the skin cancer) based on multiple pathway such as soil ingestion, dermal uptake and food(plant) ingestion contaminated by arsenic, and also, to identify the remedial goal regarded in future land use. The mine having the highest arsenic level was Daduk(mean : 1950mg/kg) and the next rank was Jingok(1690mg/kg), Ilkwang(352.37mg/kg), Dalsung(86.08mg/kg), Darak(0.83mg/kg). The chronic daily intake to the multiple exposure were calculated using Monte-Carlo simulation regarded in future land use and used q: value was $1.5(mg/kg/day)^{-1}$ to the oral proposed by IRIS(1997). The computated excess cancer risk 95th value to all the mine regarding future land use as residential and rural area were more than $10^{-4}$. If the level of acceptable risk is aimed for 1$\times$$10^{-6}$, it could be used Darak as commercial and industrial area without soil remediation due to the lowest risk value(6$\times$$10^{-8}$ and 3$\times$$10^{-8}$). Computated remedial goal based on 1$\times$$10^{-6}$ of acceptable risk to the future land use as the residential, rural, commercial and industrial area were 0.02mg/kg, 0.003mg/kg, 97.31mg/kg and 194.62mg/kg, respectively.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.647-659
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• 2023

This study is to analyze the lithological similarities between railing stones of Gwanghwamun Woldae and stone blocks stored in Donggureung Royal Tombs, Guri, to interpret the provenance of the stones, and to suggest the most suitable quarry for a new stones supply among the rocks in the Seoul-Pocheon area in order to select stones for the restoration of the Gwanghwamun Woldae. The railing stones in Donggureung are medium to coarse-grained pink biotite granite, and their lithological characteristics, magnetic susceptibility(Average 5.20 ×10^-3 SI unit), and gamma spectrometer data(K 5.00~6.38%, U 4.92~8.56 ppm, Th 27.60~36.44 ppm) show similarities with the remaining railing stones in Gwanghwamun Woldae(Average 5.38). Therefore, the railing stones in Donggureung can be reused for the restoration of Gwanghwamun Woldae. They have similar lithological and geochemical charateristics to the pink biotite granite found the Suraksan Mt. and Buramsan Mr. areas in Seoul, suggesting that these areas are the source of the stone. However, since the Suraksan Mt. and Buramsan Mt. areas are currently unavailable for quarrying, lithological and geochemical analyses on granite from the Yangju and Pocheon areas are conducted to determine the suitability of the new stone for restoration. As a result, a pink biotite granite similar to the Woldae stones was identified in the Pocheon area, and it is suggested that the stones similar in grain size and colour to the railing stones of Gwanghwamun Woldae should be selected and used for the restoration of Gwanghwamun Woldae.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

To find pertinent soil type and maintenance method for artificial planting ground, the effects of soil compositions{sandy loam(S), vermiculite(V), sandy loam+vermiculite+sand(SVS), sandy loam+ carbonized rice husk+sand(SCS), sandy loam+humus sawdust+sand(SHS)}, and fertilizers (organic, chemical) on plant(kentuckyblue grass) growth were measured and compared from the field experiment. The results are summarized as follows 1. the highest germination rate is found from "vermiculite(V)" and the lowest from "sandy loam(S)" among tested 5 soil compositions. 2. "sandy loam+vermiculite+sand(SVS)" composition shows the highest plant height growth effect (5cm growth during tested 3 months) comparing to other 4 compositions. 3. "sandy loam+vermiculite+sand(SYS)" composition shows the highest ground covering rate after first two months, but it concede its order to "sandy loam+humus sawdust+sand(SHS)" composition after next one month growing. 4. the effects of fertilizers are follows 1) Among the blocks where no fertilizer was tried, the predominant height growth was obvious in "sandy loam+carbonized rice husk+sand(SCS)" and "sandy loam+humus sawdust+sand(SHS)" composition. 2) Among the blocks where chemical fertilizer was tried, relatively positive results were found from "vermiculite(V)" and "sandy loam+vermiculite+sand(SYS)" blocks on germination and growth rate. But on the ground coverage ratio, the effect of "sandy loam+carbonized rice husk+sand(SCS)" composite precede that of those 2 composites. 3) Among the blocks where organic fertilizer was tried, "sandy loam+humus sawdust+sand(SHS)" and "vermiculite(V)" blocks show relatively high ground coverage rate, growth rate than others. 4) When compositional differences were not considered, the block where organic fertilizer was tried shows most positive effects on all 3 measurements-germination ratio, height growth and ground covering.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine the effects of cutting position, media, and auxin on rooting of Artemisia keiskeana cuttings. In the cutting positions, the cutting of middle and basal positions had a better growth in the both upper and lower part than the cutting of the top position. Especially, the cutting of the middle position showed the highest rooting rate, at 68.3%. In the media, peatmoss showed the latest date on the rooting initiation. Also, the growth, survival rate and rooting rate of the upper part and lower part were low. However, the cutting in vermiculate showed the fastest date on the rooting initiation, and had a significant effect on the growth of the upper part and lower part, showing the highest rooting rate and survival rate in all tested media. When cuttings were treated by auxin, the rooting rate and growth of cuttings were higher than the control. The control showed the lowest rooting rate, at 41%, while, the auxin treatment showed the highest, rate over 80%. Whereas when treated by NAA, the lower part of cuttings had a better growth than these treated by IBA. Also, the higher the concentration of auxin was, the higher the rooting rate and growth rate of Artemisia keiskeana cuttings were.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.685-688
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 슬라이스간의 상관성을 이용한 3차원 MR 영상의 효율적인 압축방법을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 웨이브릿 변환영역에서 동영상 압축에 사용되는 움직임 보상 부호화와 프랙탈 부호화를 이용한다. 제안한 방법에서는 먼저 영상을 웨이브릿 변환한 후, 공간영역에서 같은 위치에 있는 웨이브릿 계수들을 모아서 일정한 크기를 갖는 웨이브릿 블록으로 재배열한다. 배열된 웨이브릿 블록에 대해 움직임 추정을 하고 블록간의 상관성이 크다고 판단되는 블록에 대해서는 움직임 추정 정보만 이용한다. 그러나 상관성이 작다고 판단되는 블록의 경우에는 최상위 계층의 저주파 부대역에 대해서만 움직임 추정을 하고 나머지 대역에 대해서는 프랙탈 부호화를 실행한다. 그리고 움직임 벡터와 프랙탈 부호화에 의해 복원된 슬라이스와 현재 슬라이스의 차인 오차 영상은 SPIHT로 부호화한다. 제안한 방법을 낮은 비트율에서 실험한 결과, 2차원 SPIHT에 비해 향상된 PSNR을 나타낼 뿐만 아니라 블러링이 줄어들어 객관적, 주관적 화질에서 우수하게 나타난다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.153-157
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• 2004

다양한 혐기성 조건에서 다환방향족탄화수소(PAHs)로 오염된 토양의 미생물 분해 연구를 수행하였다. 대표적인 다환방향족탄화수소인 phenanthrene과 fluorene을 토양과 물에 오염시켜서 약 100일 동안 저감정도를 관찰하였고, 실제 다환방향족탄화수소로 오염된 현장 토양을 이용 혐기성하에서 다환방향족탄화수소의 생분해 가능성을 확인하였다. 미생물 접종원은 혐기성 조건에서 다환방향족탄화수소에 노출시킨 슬러리가 사용되었다. 황산염 환원조건, 질산염 환원조건, 메탄생성조건 등의 다양한 혐기성 조건에서 실험을 수행한 결과, 메탄생성조건 > 질산염 환원조건 > 황산염 환원조건의 순서로 분해가 잘 일어났다. 또한 현장오염토양의 경우 34일간 처리 후 메탄생성조건에서 최대 72%의 분해율을 보였다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.1201-1206
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• 2006

데이터 압축 기술은 대용량의 데이터를 효율적으로 저장할 수 있게 해주는 기술로, 여러 분야에서 생성되는 데이터의 용량이 커지고 네트워크를 통한 데이터 전송에 대한 필요성이 증가함에 따라 그 중요도가 점점 더 커지고 있는 추세다. 특히 다양한 과학 분야에서 시뮬레이션의 결과로 산출되는 볼륨 데이터는 컴퓨팅 기술의 발전에 힘입어 점점 더 용량이 방대해지고 있는 추세이기 때문에 볼륨 데이터 압축에 대한 요구는 계속 커지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Daubechies의 D4 기저함수를 이용한 웨이블릿 필터 변환과 zerobit 인코딩 기법을 응용한 유닛 기반의 볼륨 데이터 압축 기법을 제안한다. 유닛 기반 인코딩 기법은 복원 데이터의 손실율이 낮기 때문에 적은 웨이블릿 변환 계수로 화질이 좋은 이미지를 얻을 수 있다. 따라서 정밀한 영상을 요구하는 대용량 데이터의 압축 및 렌더링에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이다.