• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.108-111
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• 2007

최근 현장타설 바닥판의 대안으로 강합성 바닥판을 이용하여 바닥판의 공용년수를 증진시키고 공기 단축 및 시공의 간편성, 교통흐름의 원활화등을 위한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 I형강 매입형 강합성 바닥판을 기본으로 한 새로운 형식의 초간편 강합성 바닥판을 제시하여 거동패널의 거동에 대해 연구하였다. 하부강판과 I형강의 용접량의 변화, I형강의 복부에 유공 유무, 유공의 위치변화에 대한 특성을 파악하였다 이때 H형강의 상부 플랜지는 강판과 용접된 것으로 가정하였으며, 가설시 합성전 단면에 대한 거동 분석이므로 하중은 강판, I형강, 콘크리트의 자중만 고려되었다. 연구결과, 하부강판과 I형강의 용접길이 변화시 전체용접에 비해 30%용접을 수행시 중앙부 단면에서 최대 휨 인장응력이 증가하는 결과를 보였으며, I형강 복부에 유공이 있을시 유공이 없는 경우 보다 처짐량이 약간 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한 I형강 복부의 유공 위치를 변화시킨 결과 거더패널 강바닥판의 거동에는 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2000

동맥의 일부분이 팽창하는 동맥류는 파열로 인한 높은 사망률을 야기한다. 동맥류의 발생 및 파열에는 혈관벽의 구조적 약화와 혈류에 의한 응력이 중요한 역할을 하며, 혈류에 의해 혈관벽에 가해지는 전단응력은 간접적으로 혈관벽 구조를 변화시키고, 직접적으로 혈관벽에 응력을 가하므로 동맥류 파열에 영향을 미치는 중요한 혈류역학적 인자이다. 동맥류가 자주 발생하는 복부대동맥류 모델을 제작하여 정상류와 맥동류 유동에서 광색성 염료를 이용한 유동가시화 방법으로 벽 전단변형률을 측정하였다. 벽전단변형률은 동맥류 내부에서 감소하여 음의 값을 가지며, 동맥류 최대확장부 후부에서 다시 증가하여 확장부가 끝나는 위치에서 동맥 벽에 비해 약 1.5배 정도의 큰 전단변형률 값을 가졌다. 동맥류 최대확장부 후부에서는 벽전단변형률의 방향의 바뀌며, 위치에 따른 전단변형률의 변화가 크게 나타났다. 맥동류 유동에서는 동맥류의 위치에 따라 시간에 따른 벽전단형률 파형이 측정되었다. 동맥류 내부에서는 전단변형률의 크기가 작고 그 방향이 시간에 따라 변화가 심하였으므로 혈관벽의 구조변화가 발생하기 쉬운 지역으로 지목된다. 동맥류 최대 확장부 후부는 위치 및 시간에 따른 전단변형률의 변화가 심하며, 혈관벽 응력이 최대값을 갖는 지역이므로 동맥류의 파열이 발생하기 쉬운 지역으로 예측된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2003

This study is to investigate consequent nutrient intake status, Influences of body mass index (BMI) and serum lipid composition, and fat distribution on the cocoon hydrolysate, green tea leaves and dietary fiber supplementation. During 2 months of this research (April to May, 2002), 47 women aged 20 yr-30 yr (average age 26.2 yr) were selected as subjects. Nutrient intake was investigated by questionnaire and 24-hr recall method. Antropometric assessments of the subjects were investigated by SBIA method (Segmental bioimpedance assay, Inbody 3.0). The results were as follows: mean body weight was 60.7 kg, mean body height 161.7 cm and mean BMI 23.4. Status of energy intakes significantly decreased (p<0.01) and dietary fiber intakes significantly increased (p<0.001) after supplementation. BMI and WHR (waist-hip ratio) significantly decreased (p<0.01) and body fat significantly decreased after supplementation (p<0.001). Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol significantly decreased after supplementation (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol was negatively correlated with BMI and WHR (p<0.01). LDL/HDL ratio was positively correlated with BMI (p<0.01) and WHR (p<0.05). Above results of this study show that low-molecule peptide, green tea leaves and dietary fiber supplementation-added routine diet improves lessening body fat distribution, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. Especially, decrease of abdominal fat and WHR were notable. That meant decrease of risk factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1459-1466
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• 2010

This study was performed to identify the association between the metabolic syndrome and the biochemical measurements and nutrient intakes. A total of 1,431 people (533 males, 898 females) aged over 45 years living in Andong rural area participated in this study in 2003. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), $\gamma$-glutamyl transferase ($\gamma$-GT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in metabolic syndrome were significantly higher than those in normal group. In multiple logistic regression, those biochemical measurements were found to be positively associated with the metabolic syndrome as the adjusted odds ratios (OR) 1.839 (p<0.001) by AST, 2.302 (p<0.01) by ALT, 2.143 (p<0.001) by $\gamma$-GT, and 1.874 (p<0.001) by TBARS. We also found that the increased level of those measurements tended to be strongly associated with high triglyceride among the metabolic syndrome components. However, the nutrient intakes between the metabolic syndrome and the normal group were not significantly different. Also, we could not find any nutrient intakes significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome, except high carbohydrate intake (>70% of kcal) compared to normal intake (55~70% of kcal) showed OR 0.781 (p<0.05). In analyzing the association of nutrient intakes with metabolic syndrome components, we found that the calorie intake was negatively associated with abdominal obesity (OR 0.696, p<0.05) and high fat intake (>25% of kcal) was positively associated with low HDL-cholesterol (OR 1.864, p<0.05). This study revealed that the biochemical measurements, such as plasma AST, ALT, $\gamma$-GT, and TBARS, are associated with metabolic syndrome, but considering the nutrient intakes, we suggest that further studies are needed to identify the associations.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of obesity and stress on oral disease in Korean adults by using the data of the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects of this study are 4,627 adults at the age of 19 to 64, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS Windows ver.18.0. The results are as follows: Obesity was higher in men and the age of 40 to 64 than the other. And the group with lower education or lower income level tended to show significantly higher obesity (p<0.05). As for stress, women, the age of 19 to 39 and the subjects with higher academic career tended to indicate significantly higher stress (p<0.05). As for the effects of obesity on oral disease, there were no significant difference between body mass index (BMI) or waist-hip ratio (WHR) and oral disease but there was statistically significant difference between stress and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) (p<0.05). Even when the subjects with stress were obese or abdominally obese, there was no significant difference in oral disease (p>0.05). As to correlation among variables, there were correlations between BMI and WHR, stress and TMD, masticatory problems and periodontal disease or TMD (p<0.05). About the effects of general characteristics, obesity, and stress on oral disease, age was the variable influencing TMD, and age and abdominal obesity were the variables influencing masticatory problems (p<0.05). In this society, the environment surrounding individuals is fairly complex, and the concept of health including quality of life has more complex meaning than in the past. Various factors are influencing obesity and stress, and they are also influencing oral health and behaviors. Accordingly, it will be needed not only to make efforts to reduce obesity and stress but also to employ approaches from different perspectives to improve oral health.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.429-430
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• 2001

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.619-628
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• 2001

In building construction, openings of the story-height deep beams are usually required for accessibility and service lines such as air conditioning ducts, drain pipes and electric units. It is known that the main parameters affecting the load bearing capacity of deep beams with web openings are size, shape, location and reinforcements of openings. However, there have been no pertinent theories and national design codes for predicting ultimate shear strength of reinforced concrete deep beams with web openings. In this study, the shear behavior of simply supported reinforced concrete deep beams with web openings subject to concentrated loads has been scrutinized experimentally. A total of 34 specimens, the geometry of openings, its reinforcements and shear span to depth ratio, being taken as the experimental variables, has been cast and tested in the laboratory. The effects of these structural parameters on the shear strength and crack initiation and propagation have been carefully checked and analyzed. From the tests, it has been observed that the failures of all specimens were due to shear mechanism and the ultimate strength of specimens varies according to the location of openings, by which the formation of compression struts between the loading points and supports are deterred. All of the test results of specimens have been compared with the formulas proposed by previous researchers. The results were closely coincident with the formulas given by Ray and Kong's equation except for some X series specimens having a larger dimension of openings beyond the geometric limits of proposed equations.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.249-258
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• 2008

Purpose : Abdominal obesity with visceral fat accumulation have been known to be intimately associated with the development of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it is important to estimate the precise amount of visceral fat. Ultrasonography has been reported that it is a simple and noninvasive method for visceral fat evaluation. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of ultrasonographic visceral fat thickness, anthropometric indexes, and risk factor of metabolic syndrome, and to investigate the cut-off value of abdominal visceral fat thickness leading to increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods : The subject included 200 men and 200 women who visited D healthcare center in Daejeon from January to April 2008. The subcutaneous fat thickness and visceral fat thickness were measured by ultrasonograph. As anthropometric index, we measured body mass index, waist circumference and waist/height ratio. As for the risk factor of metabolic syndrome, we measured blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting serum glucose. Results : VFT was significantly correlated with waist circumference, (r=0.683/M, r=0.604/F), waist to height ratio (r=0.633/M, r=0.593/F) and BMI (r=0.621/M, r=0.534/F) in both men and women. In addition it was significantly correlated with Systolic blood pressure (r=0.229/M, r=0.232/F), Diastolic blood pressure ((r=0.285/M, r=0.254/F), high density cholesterol (r=-0.254/M, r=-0.254/F), Triglyceride (r=0.475/M, r=0.411/F), and Fasting blood sugar (r=0.158/M, r=0.234/F) in both men and women. The cut-off value of visceral fat thickness leading to the increased risk of metabolic syndrome was 4.58cm (sensitivity89.2%, specificity 71.2%) in men and 3.50cm (sensitivity61.2% specificity 80.8%) in women respectively. The odds ratio of the risk of metabolic syndrome was dramatically increased with the abdominal visceral fat thickness level over 6cm in men and 5cm in women. Conclusion : The visceral fat thickness using ultrasonography was significantly correlated with anthropometric indexes and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in both men and women. The cut-off value of visceral fat thickness leading to the increased risk of metabolic syndrome was 4.58cm in men and 3.50cm in women.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.495-501
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• 2000

Background : Cardiopulmonary exercise test is a useful test for the evaluation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Obese subjects have an increased resting metabolic rate ($VO_2$) compared to non~obese subjects and the increase is more marked during dynamic exercise, which results in the limitation of maximal exercise in obese subjects. In this study, the influence of the obesity and fat distribution on the maximal exercise capacity were evaluated. Methods : Maximal exercise capacity was represented by maximam maximum oxygen uptake and $VO_2$ max in the cardiopulmonary test. Obesity, total fat content and abdomina1 obesity(waist to hip ratio, WHR) were measured by bioelectrical impedence method. Total of 42 volunteers (male 22, fema1e 20) were evaluated. Results : 1) Weight to height ratio (mean$\pm$SD) was 110$\pm$14.9% in men and 100$\pm$11.1% in women. 2) Fat ratio (mean$\pm$SD) was 23.3$\pm$5.2% in men and 27.55$\pm$3.9% in woman. 3) Waist to hip ratio (mean$\pm$SD) was 0.85$\pm$0.04 in men and 0.8$\pm$0.03 in woman. 4) In men, $VO_2$ max/min/Kg was negatively correlated with obesity, fat ratio, and abdominal fat distribution. 5) In woman, $VO_2$ max/Kg was negatively correlated with obesity and fat ratio, but did not show significant relationship with abdominal fat distribution. Conclusion : Obesity was a limiting factor for maximal exercise in both men and women. Abdominal obesity was a limiting factor for maximal exercise in men but its implication to women needs further evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.643-653
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• 2007

The ultimate bending strength and flexural ductility performance of longitudinally stiffened plate girders fabricated with mild steel were investigated utilizing nonlinear incremental finite element analysis. AASHTO LRFD (2002) design specifications were reviewed for possible application of longitudinally stiffened plate girders as compact sections. In order to investigate compact section requirements for plate girders with longitudinal stiffeners in webs, a number of full-scale plate girders were modeled and analyzed up to the collapse under pure bending condition. It was found that the slenderness of sub panel of the webs, the stiffness of longitudinal stiffeners, and the slenderness of compression flanges are key parameters governing the flexural ductility of the plate girders. It was also found from finite element analysis that longitudinally stiffened plate girder sections can satisfy compact section requirements both in full plastic moment capacity and flexural ductility requirement. New design equations have been proposed for longitudinally stiffened plate girders to be treated as compact sections.