• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.1106-1112
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• 2007

The solvent extracts of Euphorbia helioscopia, which were extracted by using several solvents with different polarities, were prepared for utility as natural preservatives. The E. helioscopia extract by 80% ethanol was sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and butanol. In order to effectively screen for a natural preservatives agent, we first investigated the antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging capacity, superoxide radical scavenging capacity, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the E. helioscopia extracts. By the screening system, we found that ethylacetate fraction had the strongest antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. The antimicrobial activities and cell growth inhibition were investigated for each strain with the different concentrations of E. helioscopia extracts. Antimicrobial activities were shown in ethylacetate fraction of E. helioscopia; however, ethanol, butanol and water fractions showed weak antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms. Among the five fractions, ethylacetate fraction showed the highest antimicrobial activities against microorganisms tested, such as Bacillus sublitis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium. The polyphenol content from ethanol, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, butanol, and water fractions were 207.46 mg/g, 45.45 mg/g, 138.23 mg/g, 678.02 mg/g, 278.91 mg/g, and 63.76 mg/g, respectively. There seems to be a close relationship between antioxidant activities, and antimicrobial activities and polyphenol content in natural plant. From these results, it is suggested that E. helioscopia could be used for the ethylacetate fraction and could be suitable for the development of a food preservative.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.281-291
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• 2000

In this study tree plantation planning for the plantation blocks of Eucalyptus species was constructed in order to apply to the two farms Jangada and Jamaica, where are located in the western district of the state Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil. At first the satellite photo was analyzed for the land use classification and the forest ecosystem was classified with GIS technique, and then on the basis of this result the planting available area was accounted for the two farms. According to the request of the land owner the planting planning was established for the planting available area for 3 years. The total area for the two farms is 5,301 ha, and the planting available area is estimated to be 3,913ha(74%). The rest area is 1,388ha(26%), and should be classified to the permanent legal reserve forest area. In order to minimize the soil loss and the erosion, the planting blocks were divided according to the parallel to the contour line： for the first planing year the plantation area was divided to the 27 blocks and the total area was 1,308ha, for the second planing year the area also divided to 27 blocks(1,327.4ha) and for the third planning year 30 blocks divided (1276.5).

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.145
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• pp.45-69
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• 2018

This is an attempt to reflect on humanity in the post-human era. Here, I think that the question of future human beings should be critically raised in the following two meanings. First, can post-humans recover the body, emotions, nature and women's voices suppressed by modern enlightened subjects? Second, can post-humans preserve humanity by fighting inhumanity without presupposing human essence or immutable foundations? In answer to these questions, I will have a dialogue with M. Heidegger(1889-1976), W. Benjamin(1892-1940), Th. W Adorno(1903-1969). The three philosophers looked at the inhuman world situation brought about by modern subjects and technology, and found the possibility of new human beings. The three philosophers' new human image are the three possible models of post-humanism, 'a human being as ek-sistence' (Heidegger, Chapter 2), 'the man who restored the similarity with the other through innervation' (Benjamin, Chapter 3), 'A human being who negates the inhuman society' (Adorno, Chapter 4), and examines the current status of each. In conclusion, as long as the fourth industrial revolution is developed as a system of digital capitalism that controls the world as a whole from human senses, impulses, and unconsciousness, the necessity of the post-human era is aesthetic authenticity.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

We bred a mulberry cultivar named Sangberry, through local adaptability test, which is under registration as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test had been carried out at four places(Suwon, Kongju, Jangseong and Sangju) for six years from 2005. This is tetraploidy variety belonging to(Morus alba L.) made by colchicine treatment on growing point of winter buds. Sangberry was high yielding cultivar in fruit productivity by 70% compared to control cultivar "Chungilppong(Morus alba L.)" for four years. Although Sangberry was a little lower in sugar content of mulberry fruits, it contains more bioactive materials like C3G, rutin and amino acids than Chungilppong. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotic disease happen frequently.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.171-176
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• 2021

Pneumomediastinum is a very rare and potentially catastrophic complication of dental procedures. Its common causes are tooth extraction, endodontic treatment, and subgingival curettage using handpieces and high-pressure air/water syringes. We present a case of massive pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema in a 61-year-old female who underwent bone grafting into the maxilla for pretreatment of dental implantation using a syringe. The patient suffered from abrupt severe odynophagia and loss of consciousness. The patient transferred to emergency department and images work-up revealed a pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema on the entire face and neck. We performed conservative treatments including prophylactic antibiotics, oxygen inhalation, and fasting meals, and then discharge after 7 days uneventfully. The patient's syncope might be resulting from hypotension and pain shock induced by pneumomediastinum with a sudden chest compression. The pneumomediastinum could be resulting from concurrent perforation and massive air infiltration into the maxillary sinus during bone grafting. We suggest that pneumomediastinum needs prompt diagnosis and management because of the risk of airway obstruction when a patient present syncope in the dental room.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.326-332
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• 2021

Swabs are useful and common sampling tools in various research fields, such as medicine, ecology, biotechnology, forensic medicine, and pollutant monitoring systems. Collection reagents are one of the essential components in sampling. It is important to develop a sample collection kit and designate an appropriate storage temperature because samples need to be stored for a long time. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of three collection reagents and three storage temperatures on the recovery of living bacteria without media. We selected Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as representative environmental bacteria. Distilled water (DW), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer were used as collection reagents and stored at 22℃, 4℃, and -70℃ after sampling. The results of using each collection reagent and storage temperature on the bacteria were compared using relative light units (RLU) and the number of colony forming units (CFU). When using -70℃ storage temperature and the TE buffer, the number of living bacteria and the RLU values remained constant. It is therefore recommended that the sample be stored at -70℃ immediately after collection and a TE buffer solution be used as the collection reagent.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2021

Two specimens (1770~1850 mm disc width) of Mobula thurstoni, belonging to the family Myliobatidae, order Myliobatiformes, were first collected from the central coast of the Southern Sea of Korea in September 2018. This species is characterized by an anterior margin of disc with double curvature, a white-tipped dorsal fin, and the absence of a caudal spine. This species is morphologically similar to Mobula kuhlii, but has an anterior margin of pectoral fins with a double curvature and the dorsal coloration is bluish black rather than white. In addition, M. thurstoni was well distinguished from M. kuhlii as determined by mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA sequences with genetic distances ranging from 0.030 to 0.069. The Korean name 'Mae-kkeun-kko-li-jwi-ga-o-li' is proposed for the species M. thurstoni.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.195-205
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• 2018

Noerok is a green pigment made of mineral used the Gachil(priming coat) of wooden architecture in Chosun Dynasty era. It has been reported that various Noerok are discovered in Janggimyeon, Pohang. In this study, The Noerok from two places is compared and discussed. Noerok in the two places has blulsh-green to green color, and it is similar to their occurrences on fracture filling, vein and dike on outcrop. However, there are differences between two sites according to its petrological feature, mineral composition and geochemistry. While the Noeseongsan sample is mostly celadonite, Gwangjeongsan samples are characterized by celadonite with varying contents of cristobalite, tridymite, feldspar, along with some vitrified contents. In terms of major elements, the amount of $Al_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$, MgO and $K_2O$ decreases linearly with increasing $SiO_2$, whereas $Fe_2O_3$ is linearly proportional to MgO. In summary, Noerok in the study areas can be classified into 4 types (type 1, type 2, type 3-1, type 3-2) base on color, mineral composition, elemental composition, and vitrification grade.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.17
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• pp.85-114
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• 2008

One of the features of record management during the Gabo Reform is that the documents office controled producing and distribution of records. The records completed the operations were sent the record office and classified and arranged. previous researches understood this record management system during Gabo Reform were introduced from Japan. This article clarifies that new record management system settled through Meiji Restoration were introduced from German(Prussian) registry system at the time. However, German registry system managed current records and this system was based on modern record management system which open the records to the public with archives. Japan accepted only registry system, current record management system of German, and didn't established archives at Meiji regime. It is same with Joseon Dynasty during the Gabo Reform regime. Therefore, the record related regulation at the Gabo Reform regime could not be judged to be a modern system. The regulations on records at Gabo Reform regime had no terms about people's right or open the records to the public which decides modern record regulations. The meaning of record system during Gabo Reform regime is that the value of records and name of organizations coincides with record life cycle. The documents office managed current records and record office classified and filed closed records. Concept of "current record=document=documents office, non-current record=record= record office" didn't succeed to today. The term 'record' is used as current record or non-current record without difference.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.255-264
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• 2019

Endodontic treatment of primary molars is a great challenge to the dentists because of their complex morphology. However, there have been limited controlled in vivo studies about filling materials for primary teeth. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate and compare histologic responses of different calcium hydroxide canal filling materials that are used in daily clinical practice. Pulpectomies were performed in 132 teeth of the dogs. The root canals were randomly filled with either $Vitapex^{(R)}$ (n = 44), $Metapex^{(R)}$ (n = 44), or $Metapaste^{(R)}$ (n = 44). After 4 or 13 weeks, respectively after operation, the dogs were sacrificed, and teeth were processed for histologic examinations. Inflammatory reaction was evaluated and scored in a blind manner. The Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the tested groups. In 4-week-group, all inflammatory responses were in normal range except for fibrosis. In 13-week-group, increased response to various inflammation reaction was shown compared to the 4-week-group. However, there were no statically significant differences between the tested groups in all inflammatory reaction. Overall, there were no significant differences among three materials in responses of apical tissues and all of them showed favorable tissue responses.