• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.84-84
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• 2009

농촌관광은 농촌마을을 중심으로 활성화가 되어야하며 이를 매개로 하여 농촌주민의 농외 소득증대와 더불어 농촌 삶의 질을 높일 수 있다. 최근에 이르러 농촌관광의 성패는 그 마을이 가진 잠재적 어메니티 자원뿐만 아니라 이러한 잠재자원을 활용하여 마을을 성공적으로 운영할 인적자원이 보다 중요한 요인으로 인식되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 농촌관광마을의 해설 및 체험지도 인력을 대상으로 활동특성 현황을 파악하고자 마을단위로 조사하여 분석하였다. 정부가 지원한 마을 중 가장 많은 부분을 차지하는 녹색농촌체험마을(농림수산식품부), 농촌전통테마마을(농촌진흥청)은 2009년까지 총 612개소이나 이 중 인력기반이 형성되었을 것으로 판단되는 2007년까지 선정된 농촌관광마을 403개 중 100개 마을을 무작위로 선정하였다. 조사대상은 마을의 추진위원장 중심으로 리더 100명, 추진위원장 추천의 마을해설 및 체험지도 인력 명단에서 2~4명 정도, 총 300명을 자기기입식 및 직접면접 조사를 병행하여 조사 분석하였다. 해설 및 체험지도자 활용유형을 생태해설, 생활문화, 농업기술, 전통놀이/문화, 전통 음식, 전통공예, 지역설화로 분류하였으며, 지도방법은 직접시현(체험)과 간접시현(안내/해설)으로 구분하여 분석을 실시하였다. 마을에서 활동하고 있는 체험지도 인력은 평균 6.6명이었고, 마을해설에 참여하는 내부인력은 평균 3.2명, 외부인력은 0.8명이었으며, 체험지도에 참여하는 내부인력은 평균 4.2명, 외부인력은 1명으로 나타나 마을해설보다는 체험지도에 외부인력을 더 활용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 마을에서 활동하고 있는 해설 및 체험지도인력들에 대해 농촌관광마을 리더들은 부족하다는 의견이 49%로 과반수 정도를 차지하여 농촌체험지도를 위한 인력이 부족하다고 판단하는 것으로 나타났다. 마을해설이나 체험지도에 참여하는 사람들의 체험지도 형태는 주로 새로운 지식을 스스로 공부하여 해설하는 경우가 45.5%, 전문화된 개설이 가능한 비율이 19.9%, 안내만 함 19.5%, 시연만 함 15.2%로서 대부분이 지도인력들이 스스로 해설에 적극적으로 참여하고 있었다. 또한 체험거리 한두 가지를 전문적으로 지도하는 비율(41.2%)보다 여러 가지를 종합적으로 지도하는 비율이 58.8%로 높게 나타나 한 사람이 몇 가지를 동시에 담당하여 지도하는 체험지도에 대한 전문성 확보가 미흡한 것으로 보인다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서 농촌관광마을의 인적자원 활용 현황을 살펴보고, 마을 해설사의 인적자원의 잠재성을 활용 농촌마을의 발전 동력을 찾고자 함에 연구에 의의가 있다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.3 s.345
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• pp.59-67
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• 2006

OFDM (Orthogonal frequency Division Multiplexing) systems convert serial data stream to N parallel data streams and modulate them to N orthogonal subcarriers. Thus spectrum utilization efficiency of the OFDM systems are high and high-speed data transmission is possible. However, with the OFDM systems using the same modulation method at all subcarriers, the error probability is dominated by the subcarriers which experience deep fades. Therefore, in order to enhance the performance of the system adaptive modulation is required, with which the modulation methods of the subcarriers are determined according to the estimated SNRs. The IEEE 802.11a system selects various transmission speed between 6 and 54 Mbps according to the modulation mode. There are three typical methods for SNR estimation: Direct estimation method uses the frequency domain symbols to estimate SNR directly by minimizing MSE (Mean Square Error), EVM method utilizes the distance between the demodulated constellation points and received complex values, and the method utilizing the Viterbi algorithm uses the cumulative minimum distance in decoding process to estimate the SNR indirectly. Through comparison analyses of three methods we propose a new SNR estimation method, which employs both the EVM method and the Viterbi algorithm. Finally, we perform extensive computer simulations to confirm the performance improvement of the proposed adaptive OFDM systems on the basis of IEEE 802.11a.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.271-278
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• 2014

In spite of that stop line and crosswalk should be aware of the most basic objects in transportation system, its features extracted are very limited. In addition to image-based recognition technology, laser and RF, GPS/INS recognition technology, it is difficult to recognize. For this reason, the limited research in this area has been done. In this paper, the algorithm to recognize the stop line and crosswalk is designed and implemented using image-based recognition technology with the images input through a vision sensor. This algorithm consists of three functions.; One is to select the area, in advance, needed for feature extraction in order to speed up the data processing, 'Region of Interest', another is to process the images only that white color is detected more than a certain proportion in order to remove the unnecessary operation, 'Color Pattern Inspection', the other is 'Feature Extraction and Recognition', which is to extract the edge features and compare this to the previously-modeled one to identify the stop line and crosswalk. For this, especially by using case based feature comparison algorithm, it can identify either both stop line and crosswalk exist or just one exists. Also the proposed algorithm is to develop existing researches by comparing and analysing effect of in-vehicle camera installation and changes in recognition rate of distance estimation and various constraints such as backlight and shadow.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.67-73
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• 2020

The research status of endangered amphibians in Korea was mainly studied the life-cycle and distribution status of species from the 1980s to the early 2000s. Although a relatively diverse range of studies have been conducted on mackerels, studies on habitat prediction, analysis, change and management are insufficient. WEB, which provides biota information using location information in Korea, is a site operated by the National Bio Resource Center under the Ministry of Environment, but there is no information on endangered species and general species information has also been found to be very scantily. For this research, we secured a database of location information of Narrow-mouth frog, an endangered species, by combining literature and field research, and established a system by applying new technologies and open-based platform technologies that can be easily accessed by non-technical personnel of IT among IT technologies. The system was divided into administrator functions and user functions to prevent indiscriminate sharing of information through authentication procedures through user membership of users. The established system was authorized to show the distance between the current location and the location of the Narrow-mouth frog. Considering the ecological characteristics of the Narrow-mouth frog, which is an endangered species, a radius of 500m was marked to determine the habitat range. The system is expected to be applied to the legal system to change existing protected areas, etc. and to select new ones. It is estimated that practical reduction measures can be derived by utilizing the development plan for reviewing the natural environment. In addition, the deployed system has the advantage of being able to apply to a wide variety of endangered species by modifying the information entered.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2012

In the state that re-evaluation of calculating optimum amount of incineration in the future is needed, as considering the amount of waste, increase of heat value and change in floating population in each area in city B, the purpose of this research was to predict optimum available capacity in incineration plant and to study alternatives for the amount of disposal in each incineration plant based on the available capacity that was predicted. As a result of predicting the change in population based on progress of population in city B in the past, it is expected that an overall population is decreasing, but in some areas, population is concentrated due to increased apartment complexes, showing similar figures as the present. Moreover, when predicting the amount of waste through forecasting population, it is considered that the amount of waste by decreased population is also decreasing. However, the amount of combustible component among a total amount of waste is expected to increase, so it is predicted that the amount of incineration and combustible component will be reasonable except D incineration plant, Therefore, D incinerating plant showed 72.7% of rate of utilization of incineration facility compared to 59.1% of national rate. However, if shortfall of waste in the future can be used wisely in other areas, the use of renewable energy using burner useless heat can be maximized.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2014

For classifying fire damaged areas and analyzing burn severity of two large-fire areas damaged over 100 ha in 2011, three methods were employed utilized supervised classification, unsupervised classification and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). In this paper, the post-fire imageries of SPOT were used to compute the Maximum Likelihood (MLC), Minimum Distance (MIN), ISODATA, K-means, NDVI and to evaluate large-scale patterns of burn severity from 1 m to 5 m spatial resolutions. The result of the accuracy verification on burn severity from satellite images showed that average overall accuracy was 88.38 % and the Kappa coefficient was 0.8147. To compare the accuracy between burn severity and field survey at Uljin and Youngduk, two large fire sites were selected as study areas, and forty-four sampling plots were assigned in each study area for field survey. The burn severities of the study areas were estimated by analyzing burn severity (BS) classes from SPOT images taken one month after the occurrence of the fire. The applicability of composite burn index (CBI) was validated with a correlation analysis between field survey data and burn severity classified by SPOT5, and by their confusion matrix. The result showed that correlation between field survey data and BS by SPOT5 were closely correlated in both Uljin (r = -0.544 and p<0.01) and Youngduk (r = -0.616 and p<0.01). Thus, this result supported that the proposed burn severity analysis is an adequate method to measure burn severity of large fire areas in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 1999

Self-injurious behavior is often showed in mental retardation, especially in autism. Self-injurious behavior has been regarded as a symptom cluster rather than a disease but it is an emergent clinical situation that can directly affect mortality. This case is about a refractory autistic patient who showed a self-injurious behavior of hitting the head repetitively. He was hospitalized and was treated by pharmacotherapy and behavior therapy and for this reason this clinical experience is reported with literature review. The patient is a 7-year old boy who was ward admitted from 1999 April 20 till July 10 into OO hospital OO ward because of self-injurious behavior. During the 12 weeks he had admission treatment. As for the pharmacotherapy, haloperidol was dosed up from 0.5mg to 1.0mg from the 4th week and combination drug therapy was done during the admission with naltrexone 25-50mg. As for the behavioral therapy, Differential Reinforcement of Other behavior was used and regular play therapy was done. To remove the physical restraint, headgear and hard sleeve was used. Currently, OPD follow up treatment is being done and haloperidol 0.5mg and naltrexone 50mg is maintained. The patient’s mother is educated and play therapy is done an hour daily at home. When the patient was released form the hospital, self-injurious behavior was decreased more than the moderate state and remission state is still being maintained at the outpatient clinic.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of various factors in keratotomy for astigmatism correction on surgical outcomes by finite element method as well as animal experiments. Three kinds of surgical techniques were mechanically investigated : arcuate, straight, and inverse arcuate keratotomy. Among the three techniques the arcuate keratotomy is the most popular one while the other two techniques are being investigated in this area. The arcuate keratotomy was found to be more controllable and effective in reducing the refractive power than the others. In arcuate keratotomy it was found most effective when the incision was located in the middle position between the apex and the edge of the cornea from the results of experiment as well as finite element study. Regarding to the range of the corneal incision in arcuate keratotomy, the incision angle of 90$^{\circ}$ was found th be most effective in reducing refractive power than other angles even it was incised up to 150$^{\circ}$. Therefore, it was concluded that 90$^{\circ}$ of incision angle results in the largest decrease in refractive power in arcuate keratotomy. However, other important findings were that the effect of the surgery decreased with time so the visco-effect of the cornea and auto-healing process. Therefore, these factors should be considered in future studies.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.251-258
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• 2022

Donghae Port is adjacently located to a residential area wherein 26,933 generations are creating a living environment. The areas comprise Song-jeong village (5,754 generations) and Bukp-yeong village (21,179 generations). Major cargoes handled in Donghae Port are dusty limestone, cement, anthracite, and bituminous coal, etc. In the process of handling such cargoes, air pollutants including oxide dust and fine dust which adversely impact the living conditions and health of residents are generated, causing air pollution in the vicinity of the port. Currently, Donghae Port is making an effort to improve the operation environment of the infrastructure and equipment in stages, for the purpose of reducing air pollutant emissions caused by the port industries in a long-term perspective. In this study, the sphere of influence of fine dust exposure and the degree of air pollution in the surrounding area were analyzed such as the state of fine dust concentration and diffusion in the vicinity of Donghae Port, fine dust diffusion pattern and spatial distribution of high-concentration considering wind direction and speed characteristics during the day and seasonal cycles. A more effective plan to reduce the concentration of fine dust in nearby areas by combining reduction plan, is being developed in terms of improvement regarding port infrastructure and equipment, and reduction measures considering the characteristics of the atmosphere environment according to the daytime, nighttime and season.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.566-573
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• 2022

Purpose: This study attempted to verify the effectiveness of the application of air sterilizers in elementary schools at risk of group infection among vulnerable groups in order to address fears of new infectious diseases that have increased since the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Coronavirus infection-19 (COVID-19). Method: One air sterilizer was installed in each classroom, cafeteria, and bathroom of an elementary school in Seoul, and surface and air samples were collected at a distance of 2m from the air sterilizer, and the bacterial reduction effect was analyzed compared to the uninstalled control group. Result: The sterilization effect on the surface was less than 2log CFU/cm² in both the control group and the test group, and the test group showed 54 to 87% less general bacterial colony formation than the control group. In addition, the sterilization effect in the air differed depending on the location of the air sterilizer, and the wall installation showed a reduction effect of up to 91% compared to the control group, and the central installation showed a reduction effect of up to 93%. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it is expected that the prevention of infectious diseases can be increased by maintaining the current quarantine program in elementary schools that conduct regular disinfection while applying air sterilizers. In addition, it is considered desirable to facilitate the inflow of air into the air sterilizer.