• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2001

The apicomplexan parasite, Perkinsus sp., has been reported as a causative pathogen responsible for the mass mortality of the Manila clams, Ruditapes philippinarum in European countries as well as in Korea. Prevalence, infection intensity, histopathologic features and zoosporulation of Perkinsus found in the Manila clams distributed along the coast of Cheju Island were investigated in this study. Clams were collected from nine different beaches along the Cheju Island from May to July in 2000. Ray's Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (RFTM) and Choi's NaOH lysis methods were applied in the diagnosis and quantification of the Perkinsus infection. Prevalence, percentage infection of the parasite examined was 100% in Pyosun, 70% in Sungsan, 63% in Kumneong, 33% in Jongdalri, 21% in Iho, 17% in Moslpo, and 14% in Seogwipo. No Perkinsus was found in the clams collected from Kimnyong and Yongmeo-ri. Infection intensity as a number of Perkinsus cells per gram tissue wet weight (twwt), was 98,430 cells/g twwt in Pyosun, 78,553 cells/g twwt in Sungsan, 18,980 cells/g twwt in Kumneong, 4,290 cells/g twwt in Jongdalri, 1,527 cells/g twwt in Iho, 1,069 cells/g twwt in Moslpo, and 853 cells/g twwt in Seogwipo. Histological preparation of the infected tissues revealed trophozoites of Perkinsus sp., ranged from 5 to 10 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, in diameter mostly distributed in the digestive gland and the gill filaments. Zoospores were discharged from the hypnospore via discharging tube about 2 days after incubated in filtered and aerated seawater. In general, the prevalence and infection intensity of Perkinsus in Cheju Island were much lower than that reported from the western and southern coast of Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.622-625
• /
• 2010

Inflammatory polyps in feline ear are nonneoplastic, inflammatory growths that arise from the middle ear or the eustachian tube and extended into the pharynx or external ear canal. Two 2-year-old female Russian blue cats showed 2-3 weeks history of aural discharge, crust formation in external ear, and head or ear shaking. Two masses were surgically excised from ear canal, and submitted for diagnosis. Histopathologically, these masses were covered with hyperplastic ciliated epithelium or nonkeratinizing squamous epithelium with partial erosion and ulceration. The core of masses was consisted of proliferated connective tissue and massive infiltration of mononuclear cells. Immunohistochemically, about 90% of infiltrated mononuclear cells demonstrated CD3 positive T cell. According to both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase-PCR, tissues samples were negative for feline viral pathogens. Based on the clinical, gross, histopathologic findings, these two cases were diagnosed as inflammatory polyps originated from the middle ear in cats.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.15 no.4 s.71
• /
• pp.572-577
• /
• 2005

In this study, the effect of Epimedii Herba (EH) on the antioxidative enzymatic activity was investigated. EH (100mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered into rats for 2 weeks. On the last day, carbon tetrachloride $(50\%\;CCl_4,\;3.3ml/kg,\;i.p.)$ dissolved in olive oil was injected before 12 hours. EH-pread-ministered and $CCl_4-treated$ (EC) group showed higher inhibitory effect in aminotransferase (AST, ALT) activity compared to $CCl_4-treated (CT)$ group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase in EC group were increased compared to those of CT group. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was significantly higher than those of CT group compared to EC group. These results suggest that EH has a hepatoprotective effect through scavenging the free radicals induced by $CCl_4$.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.303-310
• /
• 2013

Since March in 2013, Inland Aquaculture Research Center, NFRDI has cultivated 1,000 wild swamp eel(Monopterus albus) for species conservation research. While cultivating, 100 fishes showed clinical sign that darkness color, mucus hypersecretion and anus rubor. Even some of them were died. Result of anatomical test, all 100 fishes were infected with intestinal parasite, acanthocephalan. So we were going to determine the case of acanthocephalans infection in swamp eel(Monopterus albus) as histopathologically. Acanthocephalan was founded in alimentary canal only. Parasite were confirmed 19 unit in individual fish, averagely. Heavy infected fishes were confirmed enterocleisis by acanthocephalans. Worms were attachment in submucosa layer of alimentary canal by invading proboscis. Characteristic symptoms were observed in stomach and intestine, including hyperemia in mucous epithelium, infiltration of eosinophills in submucosa layer, inflammation, parasitic granuloma. Some fishes showed vacuolization of gastricgland epithelium, necrosis of intestinal mucosa. Other organs, excluding alimentary canal, were not found lesion. The results of this study, the effect of the acanthocephalan infection on swamp eel(Monopterus albus) could find and it seems to be a big help in the future swamp eel(Monopterus albus) cultivation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.296-302
• /
• 2011

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosisrarely occurs, but frequently recurred after surgical removal. It usually occurs in generalized symmetrical pattern but sometimes in localized unilateral pattern. The localized pattern usually affects the maxillary molar and tuberosity area. This disease usually causes tooth migration, malocclusion, and problems in eating, speech, and esthetics. A boy showed dense gingival fibromatosis localized at primary maxillary right lateral incisor area at the age of 5 years, and his maxillary right lateral incisor become severely displaced at the age of 9 years. He had no medical and hereditary factors relevant to the gingival fibromatosis. However, the dense fibrous tissue was dominant in his labial gingiva of maxillary right incisors. In order to realign the displaced incisors by orthodontic treatment, the dense fibrous tissue covered the defect space between the central incisor and the displaced lateral incisor was surgically removed. The removed specimen was examined by simple immunohistochemical(IHC) array method. IHC array showed increased expression of CTGF, HSP-70, MMP-1, PCNA, CMG2, and TNF-${\alpha}$ in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages of gingival fibromatosis tissue. Therefore, it was suggested that the gingival fibromatosis be caused by the concomitant overexpression of CTGF, HSP-70, MMP-1, PCNA, CMG2, and TNF-${\alpha}$, and resulted in the fibroepithelial proliferation and the inflammatory reaction of gingival tissue.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1978.06a
• /
• pp.5.1-5
• /
• 1978

Since Ikeda in traduced flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope in 1968, use of bronchoscopy was expanded rapidly. Wide use of flexible bronchoscopy enabled us to get tissue diagnosis with more ease and safety. Authors analyzed 71 cases of tissue biopsy of 233 bronchoscopies from June '76 to. Jan. '78 and concluded as following : 1. 233 bronchoscopies af 20 Month duration, cases which needed tissue biopsy were 71 cases (30.5%). 2. Chief complaints af above cases are coughing, dyspnea, sputum, chest pain, hemoptysis in frequency. 3. Biopsy sites were as following in frequency: Rt.upper lobe, Lt. main bronchus, Lt. upper lobe, Rt. main bronchus, Lt. lower lobe. 4. The final diagnosis of biopsied cases were cancer 80%, tuberculosis 15%, and malignant mesothelioma, anthracosis, aspergillosis, were one case each. 5. Among 57 case of lung cancer, biopsy confirmed cases were 36 cases (63%). 6. Pathologic finding of 36 case of Biopsy confirmed lung cancer was as following: Squamous cell ca : 64% Anaplastic ca : 25% Adeno ca : 2.8% Unclassified: 2.8% 7. Bronchographies were done in 36cases (51%), one quarter of cases before biopsy, and three quarters of cases after biopsy. 8. Cytology was requested in 76% of cases with following results; PAP class V 15%, class IV 7.5%, class III 1.8%.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.208-214
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The prognosis of neonates with cholestasis is not clear. Some factors, such as high peak bilirubin levels and liver histologic findings have been claimed to affect the prognosis adversely. Our study aims to define which factors influence the prognosis of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis. Methods: Retrospective reviews of the medical records were performed in 32 cases with neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis, who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital from July 1995 to July 2002. Neonates were classified into 2 groups according to the duration of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels more or less than 6 months. The data, such as biochemical, histopathologic and radiologic findings, were compared in both groups. Biochemical data included mean peak level of serum ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase. Histologic parameters related to lobular architecture, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltration and degenerative features of hepatocytes were arbitrary estimated on a scale of 1 to 3. Results: There were 19 males and 13 females, whose mean age was 48 days (14~77 days). The peak serum ALT levels were higher in the poor outcome group. Ductular proliferation and portoportal bridging were more severe in the poor outcome group. But the degree of multinucleated hepatocytes, hepatocellular swelling and canalicular plug did not appear to be significantly related to the long-term outcome. The DISIDA scintigraphy by visualization time of gall bladder and intestine was not useful in predicting outcome of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis. Conclusion: Neonates who have intrahepatic cholestasis with high serum ALT levels, severe ductular proliferation and portoportal bridging in the liver biopsy specimen should be carefully followed up because they may have a poor prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.34-38
• /
• 2009

Purpose: To evaluate the association of subacromial bursa inflammation with acromial shape and shoulder pain in subacromial impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: 24 cases with subacromial impingement syndrome were reviewed. Eighteen patines were males and six females(mean age: 58.3 yrs). During arthroscopic operation, the specimens were taken from subacromial bursa with arthroscopic knife($1{\times}1$ cm size). The shape of acromion were classified according to Bigliani grading system. The shoulder pain of patients was graded with visual analog scale (VAS). The grade of inflammation was classified to the pathological three grade system (mild, moderate, severe) by pathohistological 8 factors. Results: Of total 24 cases, 9 cases were the pathological grade I and 15 cases were grade II. None was grade III. In the 9 cases of pathological grade I, 6 cases were the radiologic grade II of acromial shape and 3 cases were grade III. In the 15 cases of pathological grade II, 5 cases were the radiologic grade II and 10 cases were grade III. The VAS was 7 point at pathological grade I and 8 point at grade II. As the statistical analysis, the pathological grade of subacromial bursa was associated with acromial shape (p<0.05), but not associated with pain of patient (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that pathological grade of subacromial bursa inflammation was associated with acromial shape. But pathological grade of subacromial bursa inflammation was not associated with shoulder pain of patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.11
• /
• pp.823-830
• /
• 2001

Background: Paraplegia is a serious complication of thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic operations, which is related to ischemic injury of the spinal cord induced by low perfusion pressure during cross clamping of the aorta. Ischemic preconditioning of heart or brain with reversible sublethal ischemic injury induces resistance to subsequent lethal ischemia. The aim of this study is to investigate whether ischemic tolerance could be induced by the preconditioning of the spinal cord using swine model. Material and Method: The animals were randomly assigned to three groups: sham group(n=3), control group(n=6) and pre-conditioning group(n=8). In the sham group, we performed the left thoracotomy only without any ischemic injury. In the preconditioning group, the swine received reversible spinal cord ischemic injury by aortic clamping for 20 minutes, whereas control group had no previous aortic cross- clamping. Forty-eight hours later, the aorta was clamped for 30 minutes in both groups. Neurological examination was done 24 hours later, then the animals were euthanized for histopathology and malonedialdehyde(MDA) spectrophotometry assay of the spinal cord. Result: Statistically significant difference in neurological outcome was observed between the control and preconditioning groups at 24 hours after ischemic injury. The incidence of paraplegia and severe paresis was 100% in the control group, and 62.5% in the preconditing group(p=0.028). There was no statistically significant difference in histopathology and MDA assay of the ischemic spinal cord between these two groups with borderline statistical difference in MDA assay(p=0.0745). Conclusion: In the present swine study, ischemic preconditioning could induce tolerance against 30 minute ischemic insult of the spinal cord, although the animals did not completely recover(stand-up or walk). We expect that combining this preconditioning with other currently existing protection methods might lead to a synergistic effect, which warrants further investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.981-985
• /
• 1996

To study the effect of toluene administration on the liver damage, rats were previously fed a low (casein 7%, LP) or standard(casein 20%, SP) protein diet and for four days toluene(50% in olive oil) was given at 0.2ml/100g body weight/day to the male rats, and then the degree of liver damage in toluenetreated animals fed LP were compared with those fed SP. The increasing rate of liver weight/body weight and the serum levels of xanthine oxidase to the control group were higher in rats fed SP than those fed LP. The decreasing rate of protein contents in cytosol, mitochondria and glycogen, glutathione contents of liver to the control group were higher in rats fed SP than those fed LP. In histopathological findings, the swelling of hepatic cell around the central vein was demonstrated in all the two groups toluene-treated rats. But the degree of swelling severity in hepatocytes was somewhat higher in rats fed SP than those fed LP. Therefore it is assumed that the degree of liver damage severity in toluenetreated animals was higher in rats fed SP than those fed LP.