• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.2 s.54
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• pp.215-222
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• 2009

In this study, steel and FRP jackets are used to confine concrete cylinders. The FRP jacket behaviors compositely with concrete since there is bonding between them. However, the used steel jacket in this study do not behavior compositely with concrete since there is not an adhesive between them. The steel jackets are attached by external forces and the welding. This study suggests the measuring method of the axial strain for the confined concrete cylinders showing noncomposite behavior with the jackets and the correcting method of the measured strain for the composite-behavior jackets. For the noncomposite-behavior steel jacket, the axial strain of the steel surface does not represent the axial strain of the concrete inside. Also, a compressormeter can not be used. Thus, the two rigid plates at the top and bottom of a cylinder are placed and the distance of the two plates are measured and used for estimating the axial strain of the concrete. For the composite-behavior FRP jacket, the vertical strain measured on the FRP surface can be used for estimating the axial strain of the concrete. However, the vertical strain on the FRP surface contains the tensile strain due to the bulge of the concrete and, thus, the tensile strain should be corrected from the vertical strain. The corrected verticals strains compared with the measured strain or a existing constitute model; the result is satisfactory. The uncorrected stress-strain curves have the potential to under estimate the ductile behavior and the energy-dissipation-capacity of the composite-behavior FRP jackets.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.356-361
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• 2005

A temperature-compensating double fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensor having two different FBGs in one fiber line was proposed for real time measurement of mechanical normal strain in structures. Measurement of mechanical strains of the aluminum beam surface by the double FBG sensor was performed under various thermal conditions, and the results were compared with those of electrical resistance strain gage. The FBG sensor fabricated in this study was able to measure accurately the mechanical strains without containing any thermal strain component.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.147-155
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• 2002

To find the safety and serviceability of bridges, it must consider the behaviour of structural member and evaluation of the exact resistance of the member subjected to external loads. To evaluate the behaviour and the resistance of the structural member, it must measure the strains and displacements of the structures. Usually we use the strain gauge to measure the strains. When, the bridge is long span and high pier, the setting of strain gauge is very difficult and not economic. It is not recommendable for the use of strain gauge, when the structural member has many cracks and moisture. Thus, to make up for this demerits, the algorithm of strain analysis by measured displacements data is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.30-35
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• 2003

In this paper, the transverse strain was measured using polarization maintaining fiber Bragg grating(PMFBG) sensor. PMFBG sensor was fabricated using phase mask and Excidmer laser. The reflected wavelength of PMFBG sensor had dual peaks due to intrinsic birefringence. To find the polarization axes, peak sensitivity was measured under compression test. The signal characteristics of PMFBG sensor were also examined in embedding condition. The embedded PMFBG sensor in epoxy block was loaded for the transverse strain measurement, The wavelength-swept fiber laser(WSFL) was used to construct the PMFBG sensor system. Experiments showed that the PMFBG sensor could successfully measure the transverse strain.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.96-105
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• 2000

Fiber optic TR-EFPI(total reflected extrtinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric) sensor was developed to measure the strain of structures, such as building, bridge, aircraft, etc. It has been difficult to distinguish the increase and decrease of the strain from the conventional fiber optic EFPI sensor because their signals only have a sinusoidal wave pattern related to the change of strain. Also, the absolute strain could not be measured by the simple fiber optic EFPI sensor. In this study, in order to measure the magnitude of strain with the direction of strain, the fiber optic sensor was simply constructed with the total reflected EFPI sensor probe. This probe was manufactured with a single mode fiber and a mirror coated fiber in a silica glass capillary tube. The output signal of this fiber optic TR-EFPT sensor can give the information about the magnitude and the direction of strain. The loading-unloading test was performed by the universal testing machine with alluminum beam specimen to compare the strain from fiber optic TR-EFPI sensor with the value from electrical strain gauge. In the result of this experiment. the strain from fiber optic TR-EFPI sensor had a good agreement with the values from the electrical strain gauge.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.294-299
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• 2001

Recently great efforts and investment have been made in order to develop a structural health monitoring technology using fiber optic sensors. Therefore, in this study, we have focused on the development of a fiber optic BOTDA (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis) sensor system in order to measure strains distributed on large structures by an optical fiber. The fiber optic BOTDA sensor was constructed simply, with only two electro-optic modulators. The results of strain measurement tests of an optical fiber showed that the strain can be determined accurately from the Brillouin frequency shift measurement on the strain induced range of 10 m in the total fiber length of 4.8 kIn using 200 averaged signals. Also, the strain sensitivity of Samsung single mode fiber was 4.81 MHz/O.Ol % under the test. test.

• Composites Research
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.280-287
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• 2017

The complex deformation of the swept composite wing occurs due to the torsional load and bending load during the flight. Therefore, prediction for displacement of swept composite wing is required for structural health monitoring. Wing displacements can be predicted by using relationship between displacements and strains. The strain distributions on the fixed-end are complex due to the geometric shape of the swept wing. Because of those strain distribution, the wing displacement can be diversely predicted by the strain sensing locations. In this paper, displacements prediction of swept composite wing was performed by considering complex strain distributions. The predicted displacements under various loading condition were consistent with those calculated by FEA and verified through the bending test.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2019

In this paper, a stress-strain model for high-strength confined concrete is proposed using compressive fracture energy. In the compression test performed by author in Reference [6], an acrylic bar with strain gauges was embedded in the center of the specimen to measure the local strain distribution. It was found from the test that the local strain measurement by this acrylic rod is very effective. The local fracture zone length was defined based on the local strain distribution measured by the acrylic rod. Specifically, it was defined as the length where the local strain increases more than twice of the strain corresponding to maximum stress. In addition, the stress-strain relationship of confined concrete with compressive fracture energy is proposed on the assumption that the amount of energy absorbed by the compressive members subjected to the given lateral confining pressure is constant regardless of the aspect ratio and size. The proposed model predicts even results from other researchers accurately.

• Composites Research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.15-24
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• 2004

Longitudinal strains (${\varepsilon}_x$) of the core and skin layers in glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) cross-ply composite laminates have been measured using the embedded optical fiber sensor of absolute extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (A-EFPI). Transmission optical microscopy was used to investigate the damage behavior around the A-EFPI sensor. Foil-type strain gauges bonded on both the upper and lower surfaces were used for the measurement of the surface strains. It was shown that values of ${\varepsilon}_x$ in the interior of the skin layer and the core layer measured by embedded A-EFPI sensor were significantly higher than that of the specimen surface measured by strain gauges. The experimental results agreed well with those from finite element analysis on the basis of uniform stress model. Large strains in the core layer led to the occurrence of many transverse cracks which drastically reduced the strain at failure of optical fiber sensor embedded in the core layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.52-58
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• 2002

Measurment of dynamic strain is important to monitor structural integrity. In this paper, the new type of EFPI is proposed to measure the dynamic strain. The second reflecting surface of fiber in this new sensor is deposited gold on to increase its reflectivity. So, it is called the gold-deposited EFPI (G-EFPI) in this paper. In order to explain the principle of measurement of the dynamic strain, two models for the loss of intensity are proposed and an experiment is performed. If a cavity between two reflecting surface increases, the loss of the light that passes through the cavity increases, causing a subsequent decrease in the output intensity of the sensor. Conversely, if the cavity decreases, the amount of loss decreases and the output intensity increases. Also the optimal length of the cavity is proposed to manufacture the G-EFPI with high sensitivity. Finally, the dynamic strainof a composite specimen was measured successfully using the G-EFPI.