• Title/Summary/Keyword: 베이스

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Fabrication and Hydrogen Separation Performance of Newly Created Ti-Based Alloy Membrane (신조성의 Ti-기반 합금 수소분리막의 설계 및 수소투과 성능)

  • Min Yeong Ko;Min Chang Shin;Xuelong Zhuang;Jae Yeon Hwang;Sung Woo Han;Si Eun Kim;Jung Hoon Park
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.146-153
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    • 2024
  • In this experiment, a Ti-based flat hydrogen separation membrane was designed and manufactured. In order to find a Ti-based hydrogen separation membrane of a new composition, the correlation between the physical-chemical properties and hydrogen permeability of various alloys was investigated. Based on this, two types of new alloy films (Ti14.2Zr66.4Ni12.6Cu6.8 (70 ㎛), Ti17.3Zr62.7Ni20 (80 ㎛)) was designed and manufactured. The manufactured flat hydrogen separation membrane was tested for hydrogen permeation using mixed gas (H2, N2) and sweep gas (Ar) at 300~500℃ and 1~4 bar. The Ti14.2Zr66.4Ni12.6Cu6.8 alloy film has a maximum flux of 16.35 mL/cm2 min at 500℃ and 4 bar, and the Ti17.3Zr62.7Ni20 alloy film has a maximum flux of 10.28 mL/cm2 min at 450℃ and 4 bar.

A Study on the Measurement Method for Improvement of Reliability for Heavy-Weight Floor Impact Sound Measurement (중량 바닥충격음 측정의 신뢰성 향상을 위한 측정방법 검토)

  • Joo, Moon-Ki;Park, Jong-Young;Yang, Kwan-Seop;Oh, Yang-Ki
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.163-170
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    • 2008
  • Most of receiving rooms for the measurement of floor impact sound have rectangular shapes with couple of meters of dimension, with reflective finishing, no furniture, no curtains. Modal overlaps in those condition are the major reason for the low reproducibility, and as a matter of course, the low credibility. It is the major purpose of this study that searching for a better measurement method which mitigate the effect of modal overlap on measurement. Two ways of methods are tested. One is the way described in ISO standards which enables controlling the room modes of receiving rooms, the other is the way which enables to get more precise spatial averages in receiving rooms with room modes. It is not easy maintaining the reverberation time of low frequency bands in the range between 1s and 2s, though it is proven to be effective controlling the room modes with base traps. Space-time average SPL's through combinations of rotating microphones are easy to measure, and have good consistencies with average SPL of entire receiving room.

Influence of varying cement types and abutment heights on pull-off force of zirconia restorations (시멘트의 종류 및 임플란트 지대주 높이가 지르코니아 수복물의 제거력에 미치는 영향)

  • Yeong-Jun Jung;Yu-Lee Kim;Ji-Hye Jung;Nae-Un Kang;Hyun-Jun Kong
    • Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.64-71
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate Ti-base abutment's three different heights and three different cement types on the pull-off force of zirconia-based restorations. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 fixture lab analogs were embedded in auto polymerizing resin bloack. 90 Ti-base abutments heights of 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm were scanned and zirconia restoration were prepared from scanned files. Zirconia restoration were cemented with three different types of cements (temporary, semi-permanent, permanent) following manufacturer's instructions. All 90 specimens were placed and tested in a universal testing machine for pull-out testing. Retention was measured by recording the force at load drop. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test for detecting whether there are any statistical significance along cement types or abutment heights. After that, Mann-Whitney test was used for figuring out differences regarding abutment height and the comparison between 3 cements. Results: Temp bond showed significantly lower pull-off force compared to Fujicem regardless of any abutment height. However, there were significant differences between Cem-implant and Fujicem in abutment height of 3 mm and 7 mm, but there was no significant difference in 5 mm. Temp bond and Cem-implant had significant differences only in abutment height of 5 mm. Conclusion: Although Ti-base abutment height did not influenced zirconia restorations' retentiveness, cement types showed significant differences.

Assessing Techniques for Advancing Land Cover Classification Accuracy through CNN and Transformer Model Integration (CNN 모델과 Transformer 조합을 통한 토지피복 분류 정확도 개선방안 검토)

  • Woo-Dam SIM;Jung-Soo LEE
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.115-127
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    • 2024
  • This research aimed to construct models with various structures based on the Transformer module and to perform land cover classification, thereby examining the applicability of the Transformer module. For the classification of land cover, the Unet model, which has a CNN structure, was selected as the base model, and a total of four deep learning models were constructed by combining both the encoder and decoder parts with the Transformer module. During the training process of the deep learning models, the training was repeated 10 times under the same conditions to evaluate the generalization performance. The evaluation of the classification accuracy of the deep learning models showed that the Model D, which utilized the Transformer module in both the encoder and decoder structures, achieved the highest overall accuracy with an average of approximately 89.4% and a Kappa coefficient average of about 73.2%. In terms of training time, models based on CNN were the most efficient. however, the use of Transformer-based models resulted in an average improvement of 0.5% in classification accuracy based on the Kappa coefficient. It is considered necessary to refine the model by considering various variables such as adjusting hyperparameters and image patch sizes during the integration process with CNN models. A common issue identified in all models during the land cover classification process was the difficulty in detecting small-scale objects. To improve this misclassification phenomenon, it is deemed necessary to explore the use of high-resolution input data and integrate multidimensional data that includes terrain and texture information.

Research on APC Verification for Disaster Victims and Vulnerable Facilities (재난약자 및 취약시설에 대한 APC실증에 관한 연구)

  • Seungyong Kim;Incheol Hwang;Dongsik Kim;Jungjae Shin;Seunggap Yong
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.199-205
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study aims to improve the recognition rate of Auto People Counting (APC) in accurately identifying and providing information on remaining evacuees in disaster-vulnerable facilities such as nursing homes to firefighting and other response agencies in the event of a disaster. Methods: In this study, a baseline model was established using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) models to improve the algorithm for recognizing images of incoming and outgoing individuals through cameras installed in actual disaster-vulnerable facilities operating APC systems. Various algorithms were analyzed, and the top seven candidates were selected. The research was conducted by utilizing transfer learning models to select the optimal algorithm with the best performance. Results: Experiment results confirmed the precision and recall of Densenet201 and Resnet152v2 models, which exhibited the best performance in terms of time and accuracy. It was observed that both models demonstrated 100% accuracy for all labels, with Densenet201 model showing superior performance. Conclusion: The optimal algorithm applicable to APC among various artificial intelligence algorithms was selected. Further research on algorithm analysis and learning is required to accurately identify the incoming and outgoing individuals in disaster-vulnerable facilities in various disaster situations such as emergencies in the future.

Bit-width Aware Generator and Intermediate Layer Knowledge Distillation using Channel-wise Attention for Generative Data-Free Quantization

  • Jae-Yong Baek;Du-Hwan Hur;Deok-Woong Kim;Yong-Sang Yoo;Hyuk-Jin Shin;Dae-Hyeon Park;Seung-Hwan Bae
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.29 no.7
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2024
  • In this paper, we propose the BAG (Bit-width Aware Generator) and the Intermediate Layer Knowledge Distillation using Channel-wise Attention to reduce the knowledge gap between a quantized network, a full-precision network, and a generator in GDFQ (Generative Data-Free Quantization). Since the generator in GDFQ is only trained by the feedback from the full-precision network, the gap resulting in decreased capability due to low bit-width of the quantized network has no effect on training the generator. To alleviate this problem, BAG is quantized with same bit-width of the quantized network, and it can generate synthetic images, which are effectively used for training the quantized network. Typically, the knowledge gap between the quantized network and the full-precision network is also important. To resolve this, we compute channel-wise attention of outputs of convolutional layers, and minimize the loss function as the distance of them. As the result, the quantized network can learn which channels to focus on more from mimicking the full-precision network. To prove the efficiency of proposed methods, we quantize the network trained on CIFAR-100 with 3 bit-width weights and activations, and train it and the generator with our method. As the result, we achieve 56.14% Top-1 Accuracy and increase 3.4% higher accuracy compared to our baseline AdaDFQ.

A Study on Home Visiting Hospice Care of the Terminally Ill Patients (가정 호스피스케어환자 방문간호 조사분석)

  • Lee, So-Woo;Lee, Eun-Ok;Park, Hyun-Ae;Oh, Hyo-Sook;Ahn, Hyo-Seop;Huh, Dae-Suk;Yun, Young-Ho;Kim, Dal-Sook;Rho, Yoo-Ja
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 1998
  • Purpose : Hospice Care is considered as one of the most perfect solutions for the problems brought up as the number of chronically ill patients are increasing rapidly and most of social welfare oriented countries are seeking the quality of life. Our former studies(1996, 1997) were to find out the current status of the hospice care in Korea by surveying terminally ill patients and their family members as well as medical professionals. The former study was also to conduct the operation research by developing an information service system for training of hospice care teams and volunteers, and hospice patients management. The purpose of this study was that hospice information service system was tested by home visiting hospice care through visiting nurses. Methods : From October 1, 1997 to March 31, 1998, Twenty six terminal cancer patients were included in this study from Seoul National University Hospital and other hospital. Databases and homepage, hospice information service system were designed and developed for the information needed for the hospice care before this study by our research team and this services were available through the internet. Visiting nurses were trained about this system and they visited the patients with PC notebook and provided them hospice care with hospice information system. They collected physical, psychiatric, social data of the subjects at the first visit and during hospice care at home. Results : Sixteen subjects(61.5%) died during the study and the mean survival was 20.7 days. Anorexia(96.2%), immobility(88.5%) and pain(84.6%) were the major symptom in the 26 subjects, Altered nutrition(26.1%) and pain(12.4%) were the most frequent diagnoses in 226 nursing diagnoses of the subjects. Families understood and demanded the hospice care more than patients. And most patients and families didn't demand spiritual or social care. Conclusion : Through this demonstration study, it was found that we have to provide the information of pain management and nutritional support for patients by the nurses and visiting hospice nurse. The information service system needs to be upgraded with information and manpower of spiritual and social care according to the findings.

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Branching Path Query Processing for XML Documents using the Prefix Match Join (프리픽스 매취 조인을 이용한 XML 문서에 대한 분기 경로 질의 처리)

  • Park Young-Ho;Han Wook-Shin;Whang Kyu-Young
    • Journal of KIISE:Databases
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.452-472
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    • 2005
  • We propose XIR-Branching, a novel method for processing partial match queries on heterogeneous XML documents using information retrieval(IR) techniques and novel instance join techniques. A partial match query is defined as the one having the descendent-or-self axis '//' in its path expression. In its general form, a partial match query has branch predicates forming branching paths. The objective of XIR-Branching is to efficiently support this type of queries for large-scale documents of heterogeneous schemas. XIR-Branching has its basis on the conventional schema-level methods using relational tables(e.g., XRel, XParent, XIR-Linear[21]) and significantly improves their efficiency and scalability using two techniques: an inverted index technique and a novel prefix match join. The former supports linear path expressions as the method used in XIR-Linear[21]. The latter supports branching path expressions, and allows for finding the result nodes more efficiently than containment joins used in the conventional methods. XIR-Linear shows the efficiency for linear path expressions, but does not handle branching path expressions. However, we have to handle branching path expressions for querying more in detail and general. The paper presents a novel method for handling branching path expressions. XIR-Branching reduces a candidate set for a query as a schema-level method and then, efficiently finds a final result set by using a novel prefix match join as an instance-level method. We compare the efficiency and scalability of XIR-Branching with those of XRel and XParent using XML documents crawled from the Internet. The results show that XIR-Branching is more efficient than both XRel and XParent by several orders of magnitude for linear path expressions, and by several factors for branching path expressions.

Adaptive Row Major Order: a Performance Optimization Method of the Transform-space View Join (적응형 행 기준 순서: 변환공간 뷰 조인의 성능 최적화 방법)

  • Lee Min-Jae;Han Wook-Shin;Whang Kyu-Young
    • Journal of KIISE:Databases
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.345-361
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    • 2005
  • A transform-space index indexes objects represented as points in the transform space An advantage of a transform-space index is that optimization of join algorithms using these indexes becomes relatively simple. However, the disadvantage is that these algorithms cannot be applied to original-space indexes such as the R-tree. As a way of overcoming this disadvantages, the authors earlier proposed the transform-space view join algorithm that joins two original- space indexes in the transform space through the notion of the transform-space view. A transform-space view is a virtual transform-space index that allows us to perform join in the transform space using original-space indexes. In a transform-space view join algorithm, the order of accessing disk pages -for which various space filling curves could be used -makes a significant impact on the performance of joins. In this paper, we Propose a new space filling curve called the adaptive row major order (ARM order). The ARM order adaptively controls the order of accessing pages and significantly reduces the one-pass buffer size (the minimum buffer size required for guaranteeing one disk access per page) and the number of disk accesses for a given buffer size. Through analysis and experiments, we verify the excellence of the ARM order when used with the transform-space view join. The transform-space view join with the ARM order always outperforms existing ones in terms of both measures used: the one-pass buffer size and the number of disk accesses for a given buffer size. Compared to other conventional space filling curves used with the transform-space view join, it reduces the one-pass buffer size by up to 21.3 times and the number of disk accesses by up to $74.6\%$. In addition, compared to existing spatial join algorithms that use R-trees in the original space, it reduces the one-pass buffer size by up to 15.7 times and the number of disk accesses by up to $65.3\%$.

Quality Characteristics of Syrup made with Saccharified Barley Liquid (보리당화액을 첨가한 시럽의 제조와 품질특성)

  • Kim, Ji-Hyun;Cho, Eun-Ju
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.242-254
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    • 2015
  • Barley is a main food source, along with rice, in our dietary life that is easy to buy and process. It is required to develop a beverage base and barley syrup for desserts in order to raise utilization of barley beyond its present use in Sikhye (sweet fermented rice drink) and Jocheong (grain syrup) production. In pursuit of the goal to increase the usability of barley as an ingredient of processed food, this study examined the optimal preparation conditions of barley mash for barley syrup. In addition, the study prepared a barley syrup using saccharified barley liquid, analyzed quality characteristics, and conducted a sensory evaluation. Saccharified barley liquid(barley mash) was prepared with ratios of adding malt of unhulled barley germinated as 0 g(CON), 10 g(BM10), 20 g(BM20), and 30 g(BM30). The results of measuring pH under the varied conditions of saccharification temperatures from $50^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$, and $70^{\circ}C$, as well as time from 1 to 8 hours, treveal that the optimum condition for malt saccharification is $60^{\circ}C$ for 5 hours. By adding oligosaccharides and lemon juice to the saccharified barley liquid at the different ratios of added malt, this study measured quality characteristics(color value, viscosity, pH, sweetness) of barley syrup warmed up for 1 hour. As the result of measuring color in the barley syrup prepared by saccharified barley liquid, higher levels of added malt saw L-value decreased while a-value and b-value both increased. BMs30 showed the highest viscosity of $1,202.67{\pm}3.06$. As for pH, BMs30 was the highest at pH $3.57{\pm}0.02$. The result of the sensory evaluation of barley syrup showed the superior sensory characteristics of BMs20 in terms of color, flavor, sweetness, viscosity and overall quality.