• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 1987

Grown-gall tumor was induced from the infection of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer by Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 and the tumor calli were formed on the phytohormone free MS medium. The calli were friable and rough in appearance. Calli obtained from crown gall tumor were similar to and indistinguishable from each other. The tumor callus was quite different from normal callus. Tumor callus grew rapidly, whereas mal callus appeared late. The growth of tumor callus was better in the dark than in the light. In suspension culture, the fresh weight of tumor callus was twice as much in comparison with normal callus.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.90-98
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• 1999

This study was conducted to select proper substrate and nutrient solution concentration for favorable growth and quality in common thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). The growth of common thyme was better in deep flow culture (DFT) than in other substrate cultures. As the nutrient solution concentration rose, the ratio of dry matter increased, while the fresh weight and the number of lateral shoots decreased. The contents of total chlorophyll and vitamin C were higher in DFT than others. Ca, K, P were showed high contents in cocopeat, but Mg content was the highest at half-fold concentration in DFT. Common thyme showed low content of nitrate in DFT compared with that in other substrate culture. DFT was the most effective system for pronoting growth and quality of common thyme. The optimal concentration of nutrient solution in common thyme was half-fold(EC=1.2mS/cm) of herbs nutrient solution by European Vegetable R&D Center.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.8
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• pp.51-58
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• 1990

The study was carried out to investigate the viability of mouse embryos bisected at the stages of 8-cell, morula and blastocyst and, also, to find out the feasibility of offspring production by transfer of the bisected blastocysts with Quick-splitting. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The mouse embryos were bisected with bio-cut blade at the stages of 8-cell and morula, and cultured in Medium 2. The bisected embryos were developed to blastocyst stage by 64% and 81%. respectively. 2. The blastocyts which were cultured in Medium 2 after being bisected at the stages of 8-cell and morula were observed normal outgrowth in Ham's F-10 medium by 86% and 90%, respectively. 3. The blastocyts which were Quick-splitted in Medium 2 were observed normal outgrowth by 97%. however, no offspring was obtained by transfer of Quick-splitted blastocysts.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-52
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• 1999

The influence of genotype and ecotype on the anther culture efficiency using hybrid of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) was investigated. Anther culture efficiency was differently dependent on the genotype of parents. In the efficiency of embryo production, the cross combination using female parents with high embryo inducing ability was higher than those with low embryo inducing ability. It was shown that genotype and cytoplasm has effect on embryo production. Also the embryogenic ability was different according to ecotype of cross lines. The frequency of embryo production were the highest in Local variety $\times$ pimento cross combinations with 17.8~46.1 and the lowest in Pimento $\times$ Local variety cross combinations with 5.4~8.5%. Embryo inducing frequency was the middle value with 10.25~23.1% in Local variety $\times$ Tropical variety, Tropical variety $\times$ Local variety, Tropical variety $\times$ Pimento, and Pimento $\times$ Tropical variety cross combinations.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2000

Cotyledonary somatic embryos after being cultured in a liquid MS medium for 1 week were subcultured on a solid MS medium and then the embryos germinated at a rate of 92%, but the rate was lowered by extending the culture period of the embryos on a liquid medium: 26% germination on a liquid medium culture for 4 weeks. Somatic embryos subcultured on the liquid medium showed the normal elongation of hypocotyl and radicle but in part showed secondary embryogenesis on hypocotyl and callus formation on and around the root-hypocotyl juncture. Through observation of scanning electron microscope, apical meristem in plumule showed the loose arrangement of cells, and abnormal leaf primordium formation and growth arrest of the primordium or no leaf primordium formation. Therefore, it is suggested that the germination arrest of carrot somatic embryos on liquid medium culture is due to the structural abnormality of the apical meristem in plumule.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 1998

These experiments were conducted to investigate the effects and optimal concentrations of RPMI 1640 amino acids, MEM vitamins and human follicular fluid(hFF) as additives in the medium for in vitro culture of mouse embryos. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The development rates of blastocyst stage were 54.5%, 65.4%, 48.2%, 57.4% and 35.5% when the medium was added to 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% of RPMI 1640 amino acid and control, respectively. The addition of 0.5% RPMI 1640 amino acid was the best concentration. 2. The development rates of blastocyst stage were 22.4%, 31.3%, 21.9%, 19.0% adn 12.8% when the medium was added to 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% of MEM vitamin and control, respectively. The addition of 0.5% MEM vitamin was the best concentration. 3. The development rates of blastocyst stage were 20.9%, 21.9%, 18.9%, 29.4% and 20.6% when the medium was added to 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20% of hFF and control, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.291-294
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• 1997

The experiments were carried out to determine the optimum conditions for the direct embrogenesis from the cotyledon derived zygotic embryo culture of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Different peony tissues derived from zygotic embryos were cultured on MS medium with and without 2,4-D. Somatic embryos were formed from the cotyledons cultured on the medium without 2,4-D. The somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons was promoted in the growth regulator-free MS medium containing 1.65~3.3 g/L $NH_4NO_3$ and 30~40 g/L sucrose. The maximum frequency (80.0%) of somatic embryo formation was obtained from the cotyledons excised from zygotic embryos that cultured on MS medium containing 3.3 g/L $NH_4NO_3$. Epicotyl and roots were elongated from a somatic embryo by adding 0.3 mg/L GA$_3$ in the medium or the cold treatment at 4$^{\circ}C$ more than three weeks at 4$^{\circ}C$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 1998

Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides K7 and E15-1 produced hydrogen from glucose rapidly for the first 24 hrs of culture under the anaerobic and photosynthetic conditions and then ceased the hydrogen production because of the accumulation of organic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid in the culture broth, decreasing the pH to 4.2-4.5. Only 43% and 73% of glucose in the culture were consumed even after 6 days of incubation by R. sphaeroides K7 and E15-1, respectively. The hydrogen production and glucose consumption, however, were substantially increased when the pH of the culture was adjusted to 6.8-7.0: Hydrogen production continues even after 10 days of culture and glucose was consumed completely after 2.5 and 4.5 days by R. sphaeroides K7 and E15-1, respectively, Furthermore, the bacteriochlorophyll contents in R. sphaeroides K7 and E15-1 were increased by 44 and 9 folds and the cell concentrations by 10 and 2.5 folds, respectively, after 7 days of culture. R. sphaeroides K7 and E15-1 also produced hydrogen from acetic, lactic, butyric and malic acids under the anaerobic and photosynthetic conditions even though the amounts of hydrogen produced were lower than that from glucose. The results of this experiment indicate that under the anaerobic and synthetic conditions R. sphaeroides K7 and E15-1 might use the NADH oxidation mediated by ferredoxin and hydrogenase to evolve hydrogen from glucose for the first 24 hrs and then the organic acids produced were used as electron donners for the production of hydrogen in the nitrogen-limited condition.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate optimal time for dissecting out embryos, effect of embryo size on plant generation, and kinds of media and environment in order to establish an effective bulbosum method. The optimum time for dissecting out the embryos for culture was found to be 17 days after pollination, when the size of embryos ranged from 0.8 to 1.0mm in length. Culture of embryos on B5 medium under continuous radiation was considered to be an efficient practice for production of barley hybrids. Haploid embryos, when compared to their counterpart diploid ones, were slower and fewer in plant development in culture.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 1995

10% ethanol에 의한 처녀발생유가 및 체외수정된 돼지 난포란을 CZB와 CRlaa 에서 배양하여 배발달율을 조사하였다. 또한 CZB에 각기 다른 농도의 cholesterol (0$\mu$g/mL, 2$\mu$g/mL, 5$\mu$g/mL, 10$\mu$g/mL)을 첨가한 후 체외수정된 돼지 난포란을 배양하여 배발달률을 조사하였다. CZB 구는 BOEC와 공배양하였다. 처녀발생유가 48시간 후 2~8세포기로 발달한 난자의 비율은 CZB 구가 32.2%, CRlaa구가 16.8%였으며, 192시간후 상실배로 발달한 난자의 비율은 CZB구가 5.75%, CRlaa구가 0%였다. 체외수정 48시간 후 2~8세포기로 발달한 난자의 비율은 CZB 구가 42.4%, 81%, CRlaa 구가 17.6%였으며, 192시간 후 상실배로 발달한 난자의 비율은 CZB 구가 5.81%, CRlaa 구가 0%였다. 각기 다른 농도의 cholesterol이 첨가된 CZB구에서 상실배로 발달한 난자의 비율은 각각 0,10,0.45,0%였다.