• Composites Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.40-47
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• 2005

In this study, we tried to invent ceramic armor material with brilliant ballistic properties by the silica of the high compression-expansion ratio and based on alumina that has the most economical and higher ballistic efficiency. After we choose three compositions, proper sintering temperature for each composition was decided. After physical/mechanical measurement, we measured ballistic properties about KE(Kinetic Energy, L/D=10.7, tungsten heavy alloy) and HEAT(High Explosive Anti-Tank, K215) projectiles. As a result, $46\%\;Al_2O_3\;-\;51\%\;SiO_2$ of three compositions had the highest ballistic efficiency md better properties than alumina.

• Composites Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.48-53
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• 2005

In this study, to improve the ballistic efficiency of very brilliant alumina-silica armor material, forming press and sintering temperature were changed. After physical/mechanical measurement, we measured ballistic properties about KE(Kinetic Energy, L/D=10.7, tungsten heavy alloy) and HEAT(High Explosive Anti-Tank, K215) projectiles and analyzed them. As a result, in $1235^{\circ}C$, it appeared the highest ballistic efficiency about HEAT and it improved $22\%$ ballistic efficiency, better than invented alumina-silica armor material before.

• Composites Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.50-53
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• 2009

This paper mainly describes the armor materials, especially the ceramic materials for the personal protection. In the ceramic armor materials, B4C ceramics and SiC ceramics are the most popular materials. The $B_4C$ ceramics which consists of 4 atoms of boron and I atom of carbon is very light and strong. It is usually used to personal protection armor and chair protection in the helicopter. This material must be sintered at very high temperature because it melts at $2400^{\circ}C$. In order to have a good armor property, it must have very high density which is achieved by hot press or subsidiary sintering aid methods such as reducing the particle size of raw materials or mixing the sintering agents to the raw materials.

• Composites Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Manufacturing process of the shear thickening fluid(STF) and evaluation of the ballistic penetration resistance performance of the Kevlar-STF composites were studied. STF was made from silica and ethylene glycol, and the Kevlar-STF composite was made by impregnating the STF into the Kevlar fabric. Specimens including neat Kevlar woven fabrics and Kevlar-STF composites with two types of silica were prepared and carried out the ballistic tests. From the results STFs represented shear thickening behavior irrespective of the silica type, and Kevlar-STF composite with spherical silica showed best ballistic penetration resistance performance among them. Especially the specimens of Kevlar-STF composites with spherical silica showed radial fiber deformation by the projectile during the tests, that was somewhat different deformation behavior from those of the neat Kevlar fabrics shown fiber pull-out phenomena or fracture.

• Composites Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

In this study, we analyzed the relation between physical/mechanical properties and ballistic properties for several engineering ceramics that were expected to use as armor material. After physical/mechanical measurement, we measured ballistic properties about KE(Kinetic Energy, L/D=10.7, tungsten heavy alloy) and HEAT(High Explosive Anti-Tank, K215) projectiles. Increasing Young's modulus/density, hardness/density and flexural strength/density ratios, ballistic properties were generally increased. Especially it appeared that the ballistic property about KE projectile was lineally increased, as HEL/density ratio increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.94-94
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• 2004

고성능 섬유강화 복합재료는 단위 중량당 강성과 강도가 높으면서 가격도 저렴하여 여러 산업분야에서 널리 사용되고 있으며 특히, 경량임에도 충격에 대한 저항성이 우수하여 방탄재료로의 군사적, 민간용 이용도가 날로 증가되고 있다. 그러나 고속 충격 탄자와 같이 관통성이 뛰어난 위협 조건으로부터의 방호를 목적으로 장갑을 설계할 매는 단일 재료만으로는 충분한 방탄 성능을 가질 수 없는 경우가 많다. 이런 경우는 충격 전면에서 충격 탄자의 탄두를 일차적으로 무디게 하거나 파쇄시켜 탄자의 형상을 변화시키고, 변형된 탄자의 계속적인 관통에 대한 저항능력이 우수한 재료를 사용하여 두가지 성질을 동시에 만족시키는 장갑재료의 개발이 요구되고 꾸준히 연구되어 왔다.(중략)

• Defense and Technology
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• no.10 s.68
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• pp.12-16
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• 1984

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.487-495
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• 2012

In order to prevent the high velocity bullet from penetration, aluminum alloy and RHA(Rolled Homogeneous Armour) steel, which have a high tensile and compressive strength, are usually used as the bullet-proof armor material. Although these materials have a good bullet proof performance, but not an area density which is a weight increasing factor of bullet-proof armor. Therefore, Mg(magnesium) alloy is a promising substitute for the traditional bullet-proof armor material due to the relatively low areal density. The spatial efficiency of Mg alloy, however, is inferior to the traditional material's, which is a volume(thickness) increasing factor of bullet-proof armor. In this study, we select the multi-layered hybrid armor which consist of Ceramic, with a high strength; Mg alloy, with a low areal density; Kevlar, with a high tensile strength-to-weight ratio; in order to make up for the poor spatial efficiency of Mg alloy. By predicting V50 of the multi-layered armor against 9mm FMJ(Full Metal Jarket). we show that the multi-layered armor have the capability in improving bullet-proof performance in the respect of the areal density, but also the spatial efficiency.

• Composites Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.46-50
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• 2011

This paper describes the state of the art for the development of metallic armor materials which are mainly used as armor plates of the combat vehicles. Several important micro-structural features affecting ballistic properties of the metallic armor are discussed. Optimization of the strength and toughness balance of the metallic armor is necessary for the improvement of the ballistic performance resulting from maximizing the resistance to the penetration of the bullet and also to brittle failure of the plates. Understanding and control of the adiabatic shearing phenomenon developed remarkably during high strain rate deformation is needed to prevent brittle failure of the metallic armor materials.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.331-338
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• 2023

Modern bulletproof armor must be light and have excellent penetration resistance to ensure the mobility and safety of soldiers and military vehicles. The ballistic performance of heterogeneous structures of laminated flat plates as bulletproof armor depends on the arrangement of constituent materials for the same weight. In this study, we analyze bulletproof performance according to the stacking sequence of laminated bulletproof armor composed of Kevlar, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and ethylene-vinyl-acetate foam. A ballistic analysis was performed by colliding a 7.62 × 51 mm NATO cartridge's M80 bullet at a speed of 856 m/s with six lamination arrangements with constituent materials thicknesses of 5 mm and 6.5 mm. To evaluate the bulletproof performance, the residual speed and residual energy of the projectile that penetrated the heterogeneous laminated flat plates were measured. Simulation results confirmed that the laminated structure with a stacking sequence of Kevlar, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and ethylene-vinyl-acetate foam had the best bulletproof performance for the same weight.