• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.66-71
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• 2009

In this study, I evaluated toxicity that analyze performance of flame-retardant about flame-retardant painting wood and combustion gas that is based on the toxicity index. Processing condition of flame retardant solution and treatment method of samples didn't affect greatly to performance of flame retardant. Occurrence of combustion gas showed a almost similar result from the sample which spraying flame retardant solution and toxicity corresponds to high level, Hazard Class III, and the flame retardant solution saturation sample which makes put out Hazard Class II which is a low toxicity relatively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.44-56
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• 2021

The carbonized length and area of plywood by the various spreading concentration of water glass and the type of additives were measured in accordance with the 45° MecKel's burner method of the fire protection performance standard of the Korean National Fire Agency. As a result of treating water glass with a concentration of 20 to 50 % on plywood, the flame retardancy tended to increase in proportion to the concentration of water glass. However, the optimum concentration of water glass was determined to be 30 % due to the efflorescence and sticky on the surface of plywood treated with high-concentration water glass of more than 30 %. As a result of the experiment by adding different proportions of additives to the water glass with concentration of 30 %, the standard of flame performance standard was satisfied under the conditions with the addition of 15% potassium hydroxide and 1-10% aluminum hydroxide, respectively. On the other hand, there were no significant difference in the flame retardancy by adding magnesium sulfate. These results about the flame retardancy of plywood by water glass and additives were expected to be basic data for improving flame-retardant treated wood.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.180-187
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• 2011

본 논문은 다중이용업소와 목조건축물에 자주 사용되는 미송합판에 방염처리를 하여 유사 화재를 구현하고, 그 화염 세기에 따른 방염의 실효성을 실험한 것이다. 방염처리를 하면 화재 시 가연물의 초기착화시간을 지연시켜 화재성장속도를 늦출 수 있고, 원활한 소화활동을 가능하게 해준다. 하지만 어느 정도 화재가 진행되어 화염이 거세지면, 45도 연소시험을 통한 방염기준을 충족하여도 그 성능을 기대하기 어렵다고 한다. 따라서 45도 연소시험 시 사용되는 65mm의 불꽃보다 큰 화염상태(초기착화 이후의 상태)에서 방염처리한 내장재(미송합판)의 방염성능이 유지되는지의 여부를 실제로 입증하고 그 근거를 뒷받침하기 위하여 본 연구를 시작하게 되었다. 실험에서는 화재의 규모(화염의 세기)를 달리하여 각기 다른 종류의 방염제로 방염 처리한 미송합판의 착화 시 화염온도, 복사열 유속 그리고 착화지연시간을 파악하였으며, 45도 연소시험과 관련하여 방염성능을 분석하였다. 45도 연소시험의 경우 실험에 사용한 방염 처리 합판은 방염성능 기준을 만족하는 것으로 나타났으며, 소규모 유사 화재로 직경 10cm 연소용기를 사용한 연소실험에서는 방염 처리한 합판의 착화지연시간이 평균적으로 대규모 유사 화재실험보다 길어 어느 정도는 방염효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 대규모 유사 화재로 1단위 유류화재 연소용기를 사용한 연소실험의 경우 열방출율이 커 형성된 탄화막이 무분별하게 박리되고 발화가 일어나 착화지연시간의 차이를 구별하기 어려웠기 때문에 방염효과를 기대할 수 없었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.41-46
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• 2010

This study focuses on two points. First, I have examined the difference on combustion between flame-retardant and non flame-retardant products including vertical blinds and roll screens that are widely used as a substitute for fabric curtains. The second point is to see how long flame-retardant goods can be durable, that is, flame retardant durability after washing in liquid. the experiment on the flame-retardant ability before and after washing of vertical blinds and roll screens that have been used for a long time in fire protection construct. Comparing and analyzing domestic and foreign laws on flame-retardant after the experiment on durability of these products. I aim to draw necessity for increased application of internal laws and regulations on flame-retardant and show how to improve the point at issue. According to the result, clear differences in performance and safety were observed between flame-retardant and non flame-retardant products. flame-retardant materials can prevent things from fire spread without igniting but melting when they've met flame and burnt, In contrast, non flame-retardant material for experiment which size is 120cm long takes less than 3 minutes only to be completely destroyed by fire. However, it was expected for flame-retardant durability of flame-retardant blinds which are not washable to decrease flame-retardant durability after being washed with water, there was no sharp difference. so it is demonstrated that flame-retardant blinds can keep flame-retardant durability. accordingly through the strict course of product we are concerned about keeping durability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.156-157
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• 2013

본 연구는 일상에서 사용되고 있는 섬유에 대하여 방염액을 사용한 후처리방법에 의해 방염처리를 진행하였을 때 섬유류의 구성비에 따른 방염성능 및 연소특성을 파악해 보고자 연구를 수행하였으며 화학섬유의 구성비 및 면의 함량에 따라 후처리의 방염성능이 달라짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate flame retardant performance, thermal stability and toxicity of combustion gases for some commercial wallpapers. ID evaluate flame retardant performance 45 degree combustion experiment method was used and thermal stability was evaluated using DSC and TGA apparatus (OSC-50/Shimadzu, TGA2050/TA Instruments Inc) . Concentrations of CO, $CO_2$, HCN and HCI were measured with (GASTEC/Japan, MSA400 Gas Monitor/Infitron Inc) and toxicity indices using NIST N-Gas Model were applied to evaluate the toxicity of combustion gases. The evaluation produced the following results : First, paper cork and PVC wallpaper treated with flame retardants were found to be suitable for flame retardant performance standards. Second, paper, cork and PVC wallpaper non-treated with flame retardants were shown to be relatively more hazardous because they had greater calorific values and a faster decomposition time than the flame retardant treated wallpapers. Third, the toxicity indices of non-treated wallpapers were found to be higher than those of treated wallpapers, and the toxicity index of PVC wallpapers was higher than those of paper and cork wallpapers.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.511-517
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• 2015

Sound absorption capability of the flame resistant treated sawdust-mandarin peel composite particleboard was were estimated by two microphone transfer function methods. The weight of flame resistant treated board slightly increased by the treatment. The treatment improved fire retardant performance by decreasing the charred area of flame resistant treated board. Sound absorption capabilities of flame resistant treated sawdust-mandarin peel composite particleboard, in the entire estimated frequency range of 500-6,400 Hz was slightly lower than those of the control specimen. Sound absorption capability of both the control and flame resistant treated sawdust-mandarin peel composite particleboards were higher than that of commercial gypsum boards, being widely used as a sound absorber for ceiling at the estimated frequency.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.146-155
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• 2011

In the study, test was carried out to compare the flame retardant performance for the specimen of MDF wood to which field flame retardant treatment (post processing flame retardant) is applied, which is coated with flame retardant film of 5 companies, locally distributed, and MDF wood (nontreated, flame retardant film non-coated) to which aqueous or oil-based fire-retardant paint is applied. As a result of combustion test of MDF wood which was coated with flame retardant film of 5 companies, 2 products showed suitable values in 4 criteria, but other 3 products showed 10~40 % disqualification rate. In regard of characteristics of fire-retardant paint, oil-based fire-retardant paint is better than aqueous fire-retardant paint in flame retardant performance criteria, but MDF wood to which oilbase fire-retardant paint was applied was shown to have higher toxicity index grade than MDF wood to which aqueous fire-retardant paint was applied relatively.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of flame retardant for fire precaution from sparks at welding-cutting process in industry sites such as shipbuilding yard and chemical factory. As the results of the performance experiment, six kinds of welding blanket in samples that are used commercially had enough in the performance of flame retardant. Nevertheless, the performance to fire precaution un welding blanket shows that the coaling product of two kinds with fiber glass is not sufficient. The lower oxygen index to welding blanket is considered that it is more than 30 in domestic standard. We suggested that the performance improvement of flame retardant for welding blanket need continuously, and the guideline of the flame retardant to welding blanket should be considered and established.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.84-85
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• 2013

방염제품의 내구신뢰성은 국민의 화재 안전성 확보를 위한 필수 불가결의 요소로 이들 제품의 내구성능 예측은 방염성능의 지속적 유지를 위한 방염시설물 유지 관리 측면에서도 상당히 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 방염도료의 내구신뢰성 예측 및 확보를 위한 방염도료 가속수명법에 관한 연구로써, 방염도료의 고장 원인분석을 진행하였으며, 현장시험 및 현장 모사 실내 가속촉진시험을 진행하였다. 실내 가속촉진시험은 방염도료의 현장 주고장모드인 온 습도 사이클 시험으로 진행하였으며, 시험 척도로서 화학발광을 분석하여 적용하였으며 현장 데이터와 실내 촉진데이터와의 상관성 규명을 위하여 Mitab 등의 통계적 기법을 이용하여 고장유형 및 상관성을 규명하였다.