• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 1999

Brachytherapy has been proved to be an effective method for the purpose of increasing radiation dose to the tumor and reducing the dose to the surrounding normal tissue. In head and neck cancer, the rationale of brachytherapy is as follows; Firstly, early small lesion is radiocurative and the major cause of failure is local recurrence. Seondly, it can diminish evidently the dose to the normal tissue especially masseteric muscle and salivary gland. Thirdly, the anatomy of head and neck is suitable to various technique of brachytherapy. On background of accumulated experience of LDR iridium brachytherapy of head and neck cancer for the last 15 years, the author reviewed the history of radioisotope therapy, the characteristics of radionuclides, and some important things in the method, clinical technique and treatment planning. The author analyzed the clinical result of 185 cases of head and neck cancer treated in the Korea Cancer Center Hospital. Finally the future prospect of brachytherapy of head and neck cancer is discussed.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2011

In this study, an Ag-polyaniline-silica (Ag-PANI-silica) nanoparticle was evaluated as a radioisotope carrier. An Ag-PANI-silica nanoparticle was incubated in the $^{125}I$ solution for a duration of 24 hr to test its radioisotope absorptivity. During the incubation, radioactivity of the nanoparticle was measured at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr. After a 24 hr incubation, $^{125}I$-Ag-PANI-silica nanoparticle was incubated in a fresh saline for a duration of 48 hr to check its stability. Additionally, the $^{125}I$-Ag-PANI-silica nanoparticle was injected to the ICR mouse to investigate its in-vivo distribution characteristics. The $^{125}I$ absorption yield of the Ag-PANI-silica nanoparticle was higher than 95% after a 6 hr incubation period in the $^{125}I$ solution. And $^{125}I$-Ag-PANI-silica was stable for 48 hr at 80% yield at room temperature. The SPECT/CT image of a mouse that received $^{125}I$-Ag-PANI-silica complex showed that the $^{125}I$-Ag-PANI-silica complex was distributed in the lung, stomach and thyroid at 30 min post injection. From these results, the Ag-PANI-silica nanoparticle has good radio-iodine carrying property and can be applicable for the purpose of diagnosis and therapy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.449-457
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between radiation origin and health professionals, and to reduce exposed dose of radiation through efficient management. Increasing exposed dose of radiation to health professionals are caused by the increase of PET/CT use and a radioactive isotope. Hence, in this study, space dose from each origin of radiation generating was analyzed and the use of personnel protective clothing and shields was compared. As a result of this study, we confirmed that the exposed dose of radiation was much higher in case of wearing personnel protective clothing(0.5 mm pb) than no wearing personnel protective clothing under high energy gamma radiation(511 keV) of the position emitter($^{18}F$).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2003

악성종양을 치료하는 방법중 방사선과 온열요법은 가장 강력한 치료방법으로 연구되어왔으며 이를 병용함으로 서 상승효과를 얻을 수 있다. 인체조직에 41$^{\circ}C$ 이상의 열을 가하면 세포질의 단백질변성으로 세포에 손상을 주어 세포가 사멸하게 되며 세포의 생존율은 가열시간 즉 열량에 따라 지수적으로 감소한다. 온열은 세포주기중 방사선 저항성이 매우 큰 DNA 합성시기와 산도가 높을 때 감수성이 매우 크기 때문에 방사선과 병용요법은 상호 상승효과를 가져온다. 이와 같이 온열을 이용한 악성종양의 치료가능성은 생물학적 기초연구와 임상시험에서 경이적인 효과를 얻을 수 있었으나 아직 까지 가열방법과 온도분포측정이 큰 과제로 남아있으며 주위건강조직의 가열을 피하면서 인체 깊은 곳에 존재하는 종양에만 집중 가열하는 방법인 삽입형 온열치료방법에 대한 연구가 집중되었다. 한편 방사선 치료방법은 주위 건강조직의 피폭을 최소로 줄이고 종양에만 집중 조사가 요구되며 자궁암, 유방암, 뇌암등 부피가 작고 집중적 치료를 요하는 종양은 방사성동위원소를 이용한 근접 삽입치료 (Brachyradiotherapy)가 큰 효과를 나타내고 있다 방사선과 온열의 병행 치료를 위하여 방사선 삽입 치료에 사용한 선원 삽입관을 그대로 두고 삽입관 속에 방사성 동위원소 대신 온열 전극을 넣어 열을 가하는 방사선 온열 병용치료방법을 고안하였으며 방사선과 온열병용에 사용할 최적 삽입관의 제작과 이에 따른 온도분포의 측정과 최적삽입방법을 결정하였다. 방사선 삽입치료용 폴리에찌렌 삽입관의 외부에 금박을 입혀 라디오파 첨극을 삽입할 때 서로 연결되도록 고안 제작함으로서 방사선 삽입치료와 자입식 온열치료를 동시에 만족하게 수행할 수 있는 병용삽입관 (Flexible thermoradiotherapy probes)을 제작하였다. 전도율이 큰 금박부위가 직접 조직에 접촉됨으로 라디오파의 전달이 용이하며 금박의 길이를 2 cm 에서 5 cm 로 구분제작 함으로서 종양의 크기와 모양에 따라 선택할 수 있도록 하였다. 라디오파를 이용한 온열분포의 측정은 인체조직과 전기적 특성이 비슷한 물질인 한천 팬텀 제작하여 사용하였으며 온도분포 측정은 열전대와 서머그람으로 시행하였다. 생체조직 내에서의 온도분포와 온열효과를 관찰하기 위하여 직접 개의 뇌를 이용하여 시행하였으며 4 개의 전극을 이용하여 43$^{\circ}C$로 50분간 가열하고 일주일후 개를 회생시켜 개 뇌에 대한 조직학적 검사를 시행하였다. 한편 팬텀 표면에서 중앙부로 안테나 길이가 2 cm 인 4 개의 전극을 1 cm 간격으로 정사각형이 되도록 삽입하여 가열하였을 때 90% 등온곡선이 반경 1.25의 원형으로 균일하게 분포되었고 종단면상 삽입관의 길이에 따라 균일한 온도분포가 이루어졌다. 전극을 2 cm 간격으로 삽일 하였을 때 90% 등온곡선이 1.75 반경으로 거의 4 각형의 균일한 분포를 얻었으나 전극의 간격이 증가하면 전도율이 떨어져서 전극 중심부에 불균일한 온도분포를 형성하였다. 동물실험에서 정상 개의 뇌 실질에 자입하여 직접 정방형의 중심을 43$^{\circ}C$로 유지하며 50분간 온열 요법을 시행한 후 관찰한 조직병리학적 소견은 liquefactive necrosis, pyknosis of neuronal element 및 polymorphonuclear leukocytes들의 회백질에서 급성기에 관찰되었고 liquefactive necrosis 주위에 lipid-laden macrophage들이 관찰됨이 공통적인 특정이었으며 후기변화로 괴사조직 주위로 신경교세포의 증식이 관찰되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.433-438
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• 2019

The medical institutions use radiation generating devices and radioactive isotopes to diagnose and treat patients. The patient transporter performs work in an environment that is more likely to be exposed to radiation when compared with the general public, such as inevitably entering the radiation management area for patient transfer, or transferring the isotope-administered patient at a short distance. For this reason, we conducted a study to determine the degree of exposure of the patient transporter. The 12 patient transporters working at Incheon A General Hospital are eligible. From April 1, 2019 to April 30, 2019, the dosimeter was used in the chest for one month and the accumulated dose was measured. The dosimeter used was a Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry (OSLD) and the dose reading was OSLD Microstar Reading System. As a result of cumulative dose measurement for one month, the average of the deep dose was 0.13 mSv and the surface dose was 0.13 mSv, and the cumulative dose for one month was multiplied by 12 to estimate the cumulative dose expectation As a result, the average of the deep dose and the surface dose were 1.52 mSv and 1.51 mSv, respectively. It is necessary to classify the patient transporter as a frequent visitor in order to measure and manage the exposure dose, increase the knowledge of protection against radiation through education and training, and prevent radiation trouble through medical examination.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.289-293
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• 1988

Radiation therapy has been used as adjuvant therapy or primary treatment for inoperable, remnant or recurrent cancer. Many authors reported good palliation effect by external irradiation or interstitial therapy, but the report of intracavitary irradiation for recurrent, inoperable rectal cancer is very rare. We experienced a case of recurrent adenocarcinoma of rectum along fistula tract after laparotomy and postoperative radiotherapy who achieved very good palliation by intracavitary irradiation. Even though we have only good palliation without impressive survival improvement in this case, we hope that this technique may achieve good local control In other similar patients.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

Recently, it is increasing that a issue of concern about radiation exposure. It affects soil, water, air, crops, etc., and in the long term, environmental pollution and food pollution occur, and it is considered to cause social problems and economic damage. Radiation exposure causes diseases and health problems, but as a method for diagnosing diseases, nuclear medicine tests such as X-ray imaging, CT, and PET-CT are conducted, and radiation isotopes are exposed for the purpose of cancer treatment. A Hungarian case study on radiation in water, particularly drinking water, following the release of radioactive waste from Fukushima, and an examination of the Larsemann Hills area in Antarctica, found that it was within the prescribed radioactivity limits of drinking water recommended by the World Health Organization. We looked at radioprotective agents, focusing on DNA damage, cell and organ damage, and cancer, and also investigated various literatures on ACE inhibitors, antioxidants, and natural substances among restoration materials. Although exposed to radiation in everyday life, the reason why it can be safe is probably because there is a radiation protection material and a recovery material for radiation exposure, so we are trying to find possible materials.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.52-59
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• 2013

The internal contamination screening method using gross beta measurement was performed for radioisotope workers. 24 h and spot urine samples from workers of medical isotope production facilities were collected and measured. Most of the results were similar with the background level of gross beta activity except for a specific worker. Gross beta activity was slightly increased in several hours after finishing work. And the environmental factor of production facilities causing internal contamination were estimated based on screening results. The additional detailed internal dose assessment must be followed after the screening for protection of workers. Moreover, a procedure was established to apply a simple internal contamination assessment for radiation workers.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.278-282
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• 2007

Purpose: Diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is an uncommon aggressive synovial proliferative disorder of unknown etiology affecting the joint linings. Though a histologically benign inflammatory process, because of its aggressive growth with bone destruction or recurrence, it is frequently suggested to occur as a low malignant neoplasm. Optimal treatment is surgery, but the local recurrence rate after radical synovectomy for diffuse PVNS is relatively high due to the infiltrative growth pattern. External beam radiotherapy with moderate doses or intra-articular instillation of radioactive isotopes may improve the likelihood of local control and long-term function in patients with incompletely resected or recurrent diffuse PVNS. I report one case of diffuse PVNS of the right knee joint treated with arthroscopic synovectomy and external beam radiotherapy is presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

Medical radiation therapy using radioactive isotope I-131 is an extremely critical part of nuclear medicine. It is important to evaluate patients' radiation exposure dose for the safe handling of radiation in the medical area. Cautions related to patients' exposure to radiation are as follows. First, the dose should not exceed the level required for medical purpose. Second, unnecessary exposure should be avoided. Third, it should be considered carefully first whether the same medical purpose is attainable without the use of radiation. For these purposes, we need to evaluate patients' radiation exposure dose. Thus, in order to promote the safety of patients in medical wards, this study sampled air using an air sampler and measured the radioactivity of the sample using a gamma counter. According to the results of measuring I-131 in medical wards, the highest level, the average and the lowest level were $404.11Bq/m^3$, $228.27Bq/m^3$ and $126.17Bq/m^3$, respectively.