• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.106.1-106.1
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• 2010

본 연구는 팜 부산물로부터 바이오 에탄올을 생산하는 전처리-당화-발효 공정의 첫 번째 단계인 전처리 공정에서 팜 부산물을 NaOH를 이용하여 효율적으로 전처리하고자 하였다. 암모니아 침지법과 NaOH 침출법을 비교한 결과 팜 부산물에 대해서는 암모니아 침지에 의한 탈리그닌 효과가 적으며 NaOH 전처리가 적합한 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 40-100 mesh 크기의 팜 부산물을 이용하여 반응온도(110, 130, $150^{\circ}C$), 반응시간(20, 40, 60분) 및 NaOH 농도(5%, 11%)의 변화에 따른 팜 부산물의 탈리그닌율과 글루코스 및 자일로스 회수율 간의 상호관계를 확인하였다. $150^{\circ}C$까지의 온도 조건에서 온도에 의한 자일로스의 분해는 일어나지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 팜 부산물의 탈리그닌율은 시간이 증가할수록 증가하였으며, 높은 NaOH 농도에서 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 글루코스 및 자일로스의 회수율은 높은 농도에서 낮게 나타났으며, 시간이 지날수록 감소하여 손실이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 NaOH 농도가 낮을수록 당 회수율은 높게 나타나지만, 탈리그닌율이 낮아 당화 효율이 떨어지므로 효소 당화 후에 최종 당 회수율이 높은 NaOH 농도 조건을 결정하여야 하겠다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.1346-1355
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of black jujube and Zizyphus jujube extracts during lactic acid fermentation. Both extracts were fermented using Lactobacillus fermentum YL-3. As a result, viable cell number rapidly increased until 24 hours, after which it gradually decreased. Before lactic acid fermentation, the $IC_{50}$ of black jujube, which was 0.014 mg/mL, was lower than that of Zizyphus jujube. Further, black jujube showed stronger antioxidant activity (374.21 mg AA eq/g) than Zizyphus jujube. Contents of total polyphenolics in both extracts were 15.46 mg/g and 13.61 mg/g, respectively, whereas contents of total flavonoids were 374.21 ${\mu}g/g$ and 64.25 ${\mu}g/g$. After lactic acid fermentation, there was no significant increase in DPPH or ABTS free radical scavenging activity. Total polyphenolic content of Zizyphus jujube decreased to 12.39 mg/g upon fermentation, whereas flavonoid content significantly increased to 291.58 ${\mu}g/g$. Further, polyphenolic and flavonoid contents of black jujube increased from 15.46 mg/g to 17.46 mg/g and from 374.21 ${\mu}g/g$ to 1,135.29 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. These results demonstrate that 9-Times Steamed and Dried increased functional components. Especially, lactic acid fermented black jujube showed remarkably high antioxidant activity. These results confirm the potential use of lactic acid fermented black jujube as a valuable resource for the development of functional foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.684-688
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• 2003

The objective of this study was to search for the best strain as a source of L- $\alpha$-glycerophosphate oxidase (GPO) production and to establish the process technology for the purification of GPO on an industrial scale. The GPO was produced by culturing Streptococcus faecium, and purified by ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose and hydroxyapatite chromatography. The relative activity was 60 units/L for 5. faecim ATCC 12755, 65 units/L for 5. faecium ATCC 19634, and 67 units/L for 5. faecium $M_{74}$.LC, respectively. The optimum condition for fermentation was $37^{\circ}C$ for temperature, 300 rpm for stir rate, 0.5 L/min for aeration rate and 17 hours. The main culture medium prepared by the modified AC medium. AC medium consists of 0.1% glucose, 0.2% glycerol, 1.0% tryptone and 1.0% yeast extract, 0.5% $K_2HP0_4$, pH 7.0. The GPO was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and ion exchange column chromatography, The yield and purity were 17.2% and 5.3 fold, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2006

This study was carried out to assess and analyze the overall problems of the facilities in recycling and treating of foodwaste on the basis of the unit operation facilities. It proposes effective alternatives for the high profitable management that can meet the regulation of the facilities. The study is composed of several parts including a collection of academic reports, field studies regarding the facilities operated by local government and the private sector, the analysis on odor samples from compost facilities and processing facilities for animal feed from foodwaste. Twenty facilities were surveyed on the field to find out the existing problems and to compare between facilities. Several facilities didn't meet the governmental regulation on some processes, especially the stages of input, storage, odor control and the qualities of final products under the unit equipment operation. The analysis on the odors from the phases of input, shredding and fermentation of a compost facility and processing facilities for feed, the odors from shredding equipments were higher in concentration than the others. The Major odors from the composting facility contained hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), methyl mercaptan ($CH_3{SH}$), Dimethyl sulfide ($(CH_3)_2S$) and Ammonia ($NH_3$) and the major odors from the animal feed facility contained methyl mercaptan ($CH_3{SH}$), Trimethylamine ($(CH_3)_3N$) and Acetaldehyde ($CH_3CHO$).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2018

Renewable energy has been of interests in the area of modern alternative fuels. Biogas is produced in waste landfill sites through anaerobic digestion processes, including hydrolysis, acidogenesis, organic acid fermentation (acetogenesis), and methane fermentation (methanogenesis). High contents of fine dust and moisture limited its utilization for direct combustion, town gas and vehicle fuel. Thus, this study proposed a new design for a cooling device using a centrifugal cyclone for simultaneous removal of fine dust and moisture as a pretreatment in the purification processes. A heat exchanger and an ID fan, which are installed inside and outside of the cyclone, in order to cool the humid gas below the freezing point and form a foggy mist. Such an atmosphere enhanced to capture fine dust as recirculating the cold mist flow. The water removal rate was 80.8% at a relative humidity of 95%, and the particle removal efficiency was 98.3% for $2.5{\mu}m$. Simultaneous removal efficiency was 70.8% and 99.6% for particle and moisture respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.443-447
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• 2016

The microalgae have cellulose as a main structural component of their cell wall and the lignin content in microalgae is much lower than other lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, fermentable sugar production from microalgae (Tetraselmis KCTC 12236BP) can be carried out under pretreatment without high temperature and high pressure. It was investigated that the effect of hot-water pretreatment using sulfuric acid for lipid extracted algae which is expected to be a next generation biomass. The effects of three major variables including extraction temperature, acid concentration and time on the enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated. Among the tested variables, temperature and acid concentration showed significant effects and optimum pretreatment conditions for the economic operation criteria were obtained as follows: reaction temperature of $120^{\circ}C$, sulfuric acid concentration of 2 mol and pretreatment time of 40 min. Under the optimum conditions of acidic hot water pretreatment, experimentally obtained hydrolysis yield were 95.9% which showed about 2.1 fold higher compared with enzymatic hydrolysis process. Therefore, acid pretreatment under mild condition was proven to be an effective method for fermentable sugar production from lipid extracted microalgae.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.426-429
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• 2001

The continuous production of L -proline was studied using L-histidine auxotrophic mutant of Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum under various substrate limited conditions. Among the $NH_4\;^+$ $PO_4\;^3$ and L -histidine limited conditions, the highest production of L -proline was observed under the L-histidine limited condition. Under $NH_4\;^+$ and $PO_4\;^3$ limited conditions, no or poor L-proline production was observed, respectively. For the kinetic parameters under L -histidine limitation the specific rate of L -proline production was increased with dilution rate upto $0.1hr^{-1}$ but decreased above $0.1hr^{-1}$. The volumetric rate of L -proline production was showed similar pattern with specific rate. The dried cell weight was gradually increased according to decrease the dilution rate. Specific rate of glucose consumption was proportionally increased with dilution rate. The results of continuous culture (higher production of L-proline at dilution rate $0.1hr^{-1}$) will be used in fed-batch culture for the control of cell growth rate and mass production of L-proline.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.265-270
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• 1992

Low cost fermentation substrates frequently contain a mixture of carbon sources including hexoses, pentoses and disaccharides. Fermentation of such mixtures requires an understanding of how each of these substrates is utilized. During batch culture of Pichia stipitis CBS 5776 on sugar mixtures, glucose causes catabolite repression of xylose and cellobiose utilization. Also, glucose causes a permanent repression of xylose utilization as evidenced by reduced growth rates during the xylose phase of glucose/xylose fermentation. The growth model for multiple substrates is developed based on a cyclic AMP mediated catabolite repression mechanism and this model adequately described the growth and ethanol production from sugar mixtures.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.252-256
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• 1990

Characteristics of brewing product, Mageoly mashes diluted by the same ratio of water was investigated for alcohol formation, pH change, acid formation nucleotide content and sensory evaluation stored at $3^{\circ}C\;or\;30^{\circ}C$ during 7 days. Each sample was mixed with lysozyme 270ppm and glycine 0.27%, or lysozyme 450ppm and glycine 0.45% on the secondary brewing process in Mageoly brewing. The brewing was not affected by addition of lysozyme and glycine mixture. When the lysozyme-glycine mixture was added during brewing, that resulted in a decrease in pH, a suppression of acid formation and an increase in IMP and inosine content Therefore ere was significantly improved in taste and palatability.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2012

인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)은 두릅나무과(Araliaceae)에 속하는 식물로 동아시아에서 2,000여년 전부터 보기(補氣)제로 사용된 중요한 약재이다. 홍삼은 인삼의 뿌리를 찐 것으로, 고려시대 이전부터 쪄서 말리는 가공법이 있었던 것으로 알려져 있다. 건강기능식품에서 말하는 홍삼제품은 홍삼을 원재료로 하여 이를 분말화하거나 물이나 주정으로 추출하여 농축 또는 발효하여 식용에 적합하며, 진세노사이드Rg1과 Rb1의 합이 0.8~34 mg/g이 되어야 한다. 2011년 한국의 건강기능식품 시장은 약 3조 6,000억원에 이르며, 홍삼시장은 1조 2,000억원에 이른다. 2007년 6,420억원이었던 홍삼시장이 5년만에 두배가 된 것이다. 홍삼시장이 성장하면서 한국인삼공사(정관장)와 농협중앙회(NH한삼인), 동원F&B(천지인), 웅진식품(다채움수) 등의 회사가 기초연구와 다양한 제품개발을 통하여 경쟁하고 있다. 한국인삼공사의 경우, 최근 식품의약품안전청으로부터 홍삼의 '항산화' 기능에 대하여 건강기능식품기능성원료 인정을 받았고, '홍삼정타브렛'을 출시하였으며 '홍이장군' 브랜드를 리뉴얼하였다. 농협중앙회에서는 이미지 향상을 위한 '지성이면 한삼인' 시리즈와 짜 먹는 '뽀로로 홍삼 젤리'를 출시하였고, 동원F&B은 '홍송조화건조'를 제조공정에 도입하였고, 캡슐형태의 제품을 출시하였으며, 최근에는 꼬마버스 타요를 활용하여 '천지인 꼬마버스 타요' 시리즈를 개발하였다. 웅진식품, 대상웰라이프 등에서도 사포닌이 흡수되기 좋게 만든 '발효홍삼' 제품을 출시하고 있다. 향후 홍삼시장의 지속적인 성장을 위해 기초연구와 소비자의 니즈에 맞는 국내시장만이 아닌 해외시장까지 나아갈 수 있는 특화된 제품 개발이 절실히 요구되는 시점이다.