• Clean Technology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.114-122
• /
• 2019

The synthesis of bio polyol from renewable resources has attracted attention in recent years. In particular, it is important to take advantage of bio polyols in the synthesis of polymers. In this study, a series of dimethylformamide (DMF) based polyurethanes were synthesized using polycarbonate polyol/bio polyol (PO3G: polytrimethylene ether glycol prepared from 1, 3-propanediol produced by fermentation from corn sugar), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4-butandiol (BD). The properties of prepared polyurethane films and the cell structure of wet type artificial leather were investigated. As the bio polyol content increased, the tensile strength of polyurethane films decreased, however, the elongation at break increased significantly. As a result of thermal characteristics analysis, the glass transition temperature of polyurethanes increased when increasing the content of polycarbonate polyol. As a result of comparing the cell characteristics of wet type artificial leathers prepared in this study, it was found that the number and uniformity of cells formed in the artificial leather samples increased when increasing the content of polycarbonate polyol in polycarbonate polyol/bio polyol. From these results, it was found that DMF-based polyurethane containing an appropriate amount of bio polyol could be used for wet type artificial leather. The bio textile analysis system according to ASTM standard was used to measure the bio carbon content of polyurethane. The content of bio carbon increased proportionally with the increase of bio polyol content used in polyurethane synthesis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.531-542
• /
• 2012

The thesis covers the trend of research on bio-based polyurethane which is made from polyols derived mainly from plant oils and isocyanates. Castor oil is a triglyceride of ricinoleic acid containing hydroxyl group. Hydroxylation is done on the unsaturated bonds of the oils by the reactions of epoxidation/ring opening, hydroformylation/hydrogenation, ozonolysis/hydrogenation, and thiol-ene reaction. Polyols from hyperbranch, primary alcohol, polysaccharide have been studied to control the reactivity of the polyol and morphology of the microdomains. Besides, researches cover biodegradable polylactic acid polyol for medical use, fatty acid dimer polyol for the prevention of hydrolysis, and polyol with ionic group for water-borne polyurethane. Bio-based polyurethanes are being used in flexible and rigid foams, coatings, sealants, and elastomers.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2019

Recently, attention has been paid to obtaining bio-polyols from renewable resources. Successful use of these natural ingredients successfully produced in the industry for the synthesis of various polyurethanes is a very important task. In this study, a series of dimethylformamide (DMF) based polyurethanes were synthesized from methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)/1, 4-butanediol and bio-polyol (polytrimethylene ether glycol based on 1, 3-propanediol : B-POL)/polyester polyol (polyadipate diol based on 1,4-butandiol : H-PET). The effect of different ratio of bio-polyol (B-POL)/polyester polyol (H-PET) on the physical properties of polyurethane was investigated. As the B-POL content in B-POL/H-PET mixture increased, the glass transition of soft segment (Tgs) and tensile strength of polyurethane decreased, however, the elongation at break and tear strength increased. On the other hand, artificial leather was produced by wet process using synthesized DMF-based polyurethanes. It was found that there was almost no difference in the effect of the B-POL/H-PET composition on the average size and density (the number of cells per unit volume) of the porous cells formed in artificial leather. These results show that there is no problem in using bio-polyol (B-POL) based polyurethane for artificial leather produced by wet process.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.579-586
• /
• 2013

The shortage of fossil fuel and problem of greenhouse gas exhaustion drive the production of biopolymer in a environment-friendly manner. Polyurethane is a polymer formed by reacting an isocyanate (-NCO) with a polyol (-OH) to form urethane link (-NHCOO-). Polyurethane is one of the most widely used polymers in automobile, construction and chemical industries. Two monomers for the polymerization of polyurethane, polyols and isocyanates, can be produced from renewable biomass such as plant oil, cellulose, lignin and etc. Biopolyol production from plant oil has already been implemented in commercial-scale production. In this paper, recent progresses on bio-based approaches on the production of biopolyols, bio-isocyanates and bio-substituent or isocyanate from bio-feedstock are reviewed alongside polymerization and characterization of biopolyurethane for industrial applications.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.315-321
• /
• 1980

A steady-state kinetic study on a dye-coupled cytoplasmic polyol dehydrogenase from G. melanogenus was carried by the initial velocity measurements in the direction of the polyol oxidation and the product inhibition by D-fructose. For the initial rate experiments, D-mannitol and D-sorbitol were employed as the specific polyol substrates and 2,6-dichlorophenolin-dophenol (DPIP) as the specific cofactor substrate for the enzyme. When the polyol and DPIP were examined by varying one of substrates and by fixing the second, the corresponding reciprocal plots showed the typical parallel pattern. This suggests that the enzyme from G. melanogenus proceeds by a Ping Pong Bi-Bi mechanism in which the polyol may account as the first reactant-in, and the ketose formed as the first product-out, respectively. The product inhibition patterns obtained by D-fructose (one no-inhibition, one non-competitive, and two competitive) may also provide an additional conformatory evidence for the above mechanism. Based on the kinetic parameters obtained, it was also suggested that the rate-limiting step in the direction of polyol oxidation is associated with the release of the ketose from the Enzyme${\cdot}$Polyol complex.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.321-328
• /
• 2018

Wet polyurethane resin was synthesized by using polytrimethylene ether glycol prepared from 1,3-propanediol produced by fermentation from corn sugar as bio polyol and polyether-polyol(PTMG). Physical properties and cell characteristics by wet coagulation were investigated using the synthesized wet polyurethane resin. The tensile strength of wet polyurethane resin decreased with increasing content of bio polyol as copolymer polyol, but it tended to increase elongation at break and tear strength. As a result of thermal characteristic analysis, it was found that the glass transition temperature was slightly increased as the content of bio polyol increased. As a result of comparing the cell characteristics by the wet coagulation method, it was found that the shape of the cell was good when the ether polyol and the bio polyol were used alone.

• 월간낙농육우
• /
• v.36 no.9
• /
• pp.145-148
• /
• 2016

올 여름은 한 달이 넘도록 열대야가 지속될 정도로 가히 '살인적' 더위였다. 폭염으로 인한 고온 스트레스는 젖소들에게 단순히 산유량 저하뿐만 아니라, 다가오는 가을철에 수태율을 감소시키고 대사성 질병 면역력을 떨어뜨려 큰 피해를 준다. 이에 농가들은 고온 스트레스를 최소화하기 위해 차광막을 설치하거나 지붕에 스프링클러를 분사하는 등 하루하루 긴장 속에 이 계절을 보내야 했다. 하지만 올해 같은 폭염 속에서도 차광막 하나 없이 축사를 관리한 농가들이 있었다. 바로 'P.C(폴리카보네이트, Poly-Carbonate) 다기능 지붕재 엠보(이하 P.C엠보)'를 설치한 목장들이다. 직사광선의 피해를 최소화할 수 있는 'P.C 다기능 지붕재 엠보'를 개발한 (주)대한철강(대표 김상국)을 찾아가 봤다.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2022

In this study, we report on the synthesis and properties of eco-friendly waterborne polyurethane (WPU) according to bio-polyol contents. It was successfully synthesized by the different polyester polyol (DT-1040) and castor oil based polyol (COP) ratios. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the synthesized bio polyol based waterborne polyurethane was around -70 ℃ and -30 ℃, and it was confirmed that the Tg range was widened as the COP content increased. In addition, as the COP content increased, the tensile strength decreased, and optimum adhesive strength showed when DT-1040:COP ratio was 7:3.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.305-316
• /
• 2021

This study relates to the development of a new gel sheet mask that finally does not require support based on the reactivity and acid/base reaction experiments of Tamarindus indica seed gum (TG), ethanol, and polyols. When TG and a specific alcohol was mixed at a certain mixing ratio, a transparent gel is formed by reaction with each component, and thus a gel sheet mask without support might be obtained using the mixture. In order to maximize skin tone improvement, a carbonation system of acid and base reactions was introduced, and skin brightness and moisturizing power were evaluated using a spectrophotometer and a moisture measuring device. Through this study, it is expected that the gelation reaction by hydrogen bonding of TG, ethanol, and polyols can be developed into various types, and the gel sheet mask formulation introduced in this study is expected to help develop new products in the future.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.526-530
• /
• 2011

Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) was synthesized by $KMnO_4$ oxidation of 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran(DHMF) derived from biomass. Polyesters were synthesized by esterification and polycondensation of FDCA with various diols(ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, decane-1,10-diol). The composition of polyesters was characterized by using $^1H$ NMR. Thermal properties of the polyesters were characterized by DSC and TGA. Intrinsic viscosities(IV) of the polyesters were measured to be 0.78~1.2 dL/g comparable with IV of commercial poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET). As the chain lengths of diols increased, Young's modulus and strength decreased and elongation-to-break generally increased. Young's modulus and strength of the polyesters were measured to be 3551 MPa and 103 MPa, respectively, comparable with commercial PET.