• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.493-494
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• 2007

Purpose: Nevus sebaceous is a distinctive growth commonly found on the scalp, forehead and retroauricular region. Nevus sebaceous has age-related changes in morphologic and histologic appearance. Secondary neoplasm including basal cell carcinoma is found in 20% of the nevus sebaceous which were not treated properly. So, we report a case of basal cell carcinoma that is arising in nevus sebaceous but has no malignant appearance. Methods: A 38 year-old female patient wanted to excise the lesion on scalp. It looked like typical nevus sebaceous because we didn't find any malignant appearances. We excised the lesion including minimal normal tissue. Results: After the excision of the lesion, pathologist reported the nevus sebaceous with multifocal basal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Many patients want to excise the nevus sebaceous that stands out to other people. But they don't know the potency of malignant changes. So, plastic surgeons have to notify the potency and make plan for proper treatment.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.454-462
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• 2003

Recently, the HACCP(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) system has been emphasized in food processing industries throughout the world. However, the system has, as yet, not been applied very well to domestic food industries. Due to the increase in the consumption of bakery products, more studies are required on the application of HACCP to establish the system in small-scale bakeries. This study was designed to provide basic data for setting management standards for HACCP, based on microbiological hazard evaluations of bakery products. Red bean paste filled breads, custard cream filled breads and cakes covered with fresh whipping cream were collected, and microbiological evaluations conducted on the raw materials, the manufacturing processes and potential hazards. The result showed the presence of coliforms in fresh cream of cakes and the soybean paste of soybean paste breads at levels as high as 105 CFU/g on the hazard analysis of the raw materials. Moreover, the general levels of bacteria and coliforms were over those of the standards during the intermediate fermentation and molding processes. Furthermore, high levels of coliforms were detected on the hands of the salesmen and bakers themselves. This suggests that the CCPs (Critical Control Points), such as fresh cream and red bean paste manufacturing process desperately require better management. There is also a requirement for education relating to personal hygiene for the production of hygienic bakery products and for the publics health.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.318-323
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• 2009

The lightweight aggregates made of bottom ash (70 wt%) and dredged soil (30 wt%) were prepared to investigate the property differences at various sintering atmospheres. The green aggregates were sintered at $1150^{\circ}C$ and $1200^{\circ}C$ with oxidized, neutralized and reduced atmospheres. The aggregates sintered with oxidized atmosphere showed a clear border between shell and black core area. However, the aggregates sintered with a reduced atmosphere showed only black core area in the entire cross-section of the aggregates. The black core area of the aggregates sintered with a neutralized atmosphere increased with increasing $N_2$ gas flow rates. It was determined that the sintering atmosphere was similar to that of rotary kiln when the CO gas flow was 100 cc/min to make a reduced atmosphere in tube furnace. The water absorption rates of both aggregates from tube furnace with reduced atmosphere and rotary kiln were very similar to each other.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.67-70
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• 2009

Purpose: Anatomical basis around orbit can be helpful in periorbital surgery, and there are many articles about measurement between periorbital reference points. In 1967, Jones and Evans measured the orbital wall thickness of Asian cadavers and this article has been cited more than 50 times. But there is no research in orbital thickness in Vivo. Author's idea was based on difference between live human and human cadaver. Material & Method: We conducted this study from 63 consecutive blow out fracture patients between January, 2000 to june, 2005 by collecting the bone fragments and measured the thickness of that fragment using vernia calipers. Anatomically, orbital floor is separated two area by inferior orbital fissure and we measured each area. Three areas were zone I (medial wall), zone II (medial to inferior orbital fissure) and zone III (lateral to inferior orbital fissure). Result: When the overall results were considered, the thickness of Zone I (medial wall of orbit) was average $0.131{\pm}0.006mm$ in male and $0.129{\pm}0.007mm$ in female and Zone II (medial side of orbital floor) was $0.251{\pm}0.005mm$ in male and $0.245{\pm}0.006mm$ in female, Zone III (lateral side of orbital floor) was $0.237{\pm}0.006mm$ in male and $0.226{\pm}0.006mm$ in female. There were no statistical difference between orbital wall thickness of male and female. Also, orbital wall thickness of adults measured $0.130{\pm}0.005mm$, $0.250{\pm}0.005mm$, $0.232{\pm}0.006mm$ in Zone I, Zone II, Zone III and $0.128{\pm}0.006mm$, $0.233{\pm}0.005mm$, $0.215{\pm}0.007mm$ in Zone I, Zone II, Zone III from childs, and there were no statistical difference between adult and child. Conclusion: This article is the first study about Korean orbital wall thickness, and can be helpful to periocular surgery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.633-638
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• 2010

Purpose: Orbital bone is one of the most complex bones in the human body. When the patient has a fracture of the orbital bone, it is difficult for the surgeon to restore the fractured orbital bone to normal anatomic curvature because the orbital bone has complex curvature. We developed a rapid prototyping model based on a mirror image of the patient's 3D-CT (3 dimensional computed tomography) for accurate reduction of the fractured orbital wall. Methods: A total of 7 cases of large orbital wall fracture recieved absorbable plate prefabrication using rapid prototyping model during surgery and had the manufactured plate inserted in the fracture site. Results: There was no significant postoperative complication. One patient had persistent diplopia, but it was resolved completely after 5 weeks. Enophthalmos was improved in all patients. Conclusion: With long term follow-up, this new method of orbital wall reduction proved to be accurate, efficient and cost-effective, and we recommend this method for difficult large orbital wall fracture operations.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.315-318
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• 2011

Purpose: An aneurysm is defined as a permanent, localized dilation of an artery with a 50% increase in diameter over its expected normal diameter. Aneurysms can be classified by cause as traumatic and nontraumatic. Traumatic aneurysms can be divided into true and false aneurysms. Nontraumatic causes of peripheral artery aneurysms include mycotic, atherosclerotic, inflammatory, and idiopathic. In the hand, true aneurysms occurring at the common digital artery have been rarely reported. We present a rare case of a true aneurysm of the common digital artery that was resected and reconstructed using a reversed vein graft. Methods: A 49-year-old male patient was refered to our institution with a $0.73{\times}0.44{\times}1.37cm$ sized pulsating mass between 2nd and 3rd flexor digitorum tendons on Lt. palm area. The mass had been present for 5 years and had increased in size over the previous year. No history of trauma was reported. After a physical examination and ultrasound sonography review, a diagnosis of aneurismal dilatation of common digital artery was made. Surgical treatment by excision of the aneurysm, and a reversed vein graft was performed. Results: Histologic examination of the specimen ($3.4{\times}0.7cm$) showed aneurismal dilatation, with elastin fibers present in the arterial wall. The lesions were healed without any complications and there were no evidence of recurrence. Doppler examination of the reconstruction showed good perfusion. Conclusion: Early excision is recommended to relieve symptoms and avoid neurologic damage. Also, artery reconstruction can be performed by primary end-to-end anastomosis or the placement of a reversed interposition vein graft. Micro surgical repair was the only possible treatment in this case. The authors believe that the vascular anatomy should always be restored as natural as possible.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.9 no.4 s.33
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• pp.589-600
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• 1997

Cold-formed deck sections are used in many composite floor slab applications wherein the steel deck serves not only as the form for the concrete during construction but also as the principal tensile reinforcement for the bottom fiber of the composite slab. This paper provides the results of an experimental study performed for the composite slabs with the new shaped deck plates with the locking ribs, the dove tails, and the powerful embossment, which are the mechanical means to improve positive interlocking effect between the deck and the concrete. A total of 28 specimens are tested to investigate the composite effects between the concrete and metal deck plate. Important parameters in this are the span length, the thickness of the deck plate, support condition, and whether shear studs are placed at each support or not. The test results are summarized for the maximum load and failure behavior for the specimens.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 2006

If autogenous nail is lost in nail bed injuries, alternative effective nail bed protection material is questionable in postoperative follow up period. The conventional modality with autogenous nail coverage have several disadvantages such as drawback of maintenance, higher chance of loss and complex dressing step (eg. ointment apply for humidification and nail fixation using tape or bandage). So, we have studied the usefulness of adhesive silicone gel sheet for alternative nail bed protection material until the end of nail regeneration. From March 2003 to July 2004, we have experienced 215 traumatic nail bed injuries except fingertip loss. Among these patient, we classified two groups, 30 cases with autogenous nail protection(Group I) and 30 cases with adhesive silicone gel sheet protection(Group II). Mean full nail growth time was 3.6 months in group I and 3.8 months in group II. Mean final nail appearance score(0: poor, 4: excellent) was 3.0 in group I and 3.5 in group II. Adhesive silicone gel sheet protection(Group II) was slightly superior to the autogenous nail protection in final appearance, especially sterile matrix laceration. In conclusion, we believe that adhesive silicone gel sheet application is a simple, acceptable, alternative method for protecting nail bed with loss of autogenous nail. It has a number of advantages compared with autogenous nail such as better humidification, controllable hygiene, less pain, less hospitalization, less frequent visit, less chance of loss, avoiding complex dressing step and more even pressure with adhesiveness, flexibility and durability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

The deck floor of a the cargo truck becomesis damaged and aged due to the continuous loading of the loading cargo and external environmental factors. Floor boards made of wood and metal are often used. In the case of wood, the cost is high due to the use of imported wood, and the strength is easily deterioratesd due to environmental factors. In the case of metal materials, the durability is higher than that of wood, but problems are raised due to the effect of major factors that hinder the weight reduction, and the effects of corrosion. In order to replace this stucturestructural design, this study proposed a wood fiber composite using natural raw materials. Woody composites are being used as environmentally and friendly exterior materials with the combined advantages of plastic, and wood,; low cost and low density. However, due to the nature of the woody composites, the properties are differentdiffer depending on the contents of the matrix, reinforcing agent, additives, compatibilizer, etc. In this study, we investigate these problems through analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties according to proper content and injection molding conditions. As a result, it is considered that the wood deck composite can replaced the current Deck Floor Boardreplace current deck floor boards through continuous continued research and results of this study.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.86-111
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• 2011

Wan is a tableware in which boiled rice or soup, side dish are put, and it is a representative model which shows the development of personal tableware. From the establishing period of Hanseong Baekje, the form of wan which is Jung-do Style(中島式) Plain Pottery of previous period Proto-Three Kingdoms Period was succeeded to, but wan is produced and used as a wan baked in the kiln, which is far development of the producing technique including hardness and clay. By and large, the size of $0.3{\sim}0.4{\ell}$ was the majority and the production technique of wan which used carefully selected soft quality clay are largely confirmed to be two methods which are, first, basic method by which on a clay tablet on the rotating table, clay band is accumulated and moulding is finished, and second, the new method which had the same basic moulding as that of basic method but in the last stage takes wan off the rotating table and reverse it to trim the bottom and remove the angle of flat bottom. The former, basic production method is the classical production method since wan of Jung-do Style Plain Pottery and wan was produced and used for all periods of Hanseong Baekje. On the other hand, the latter is the production method obtained through form imitation of China made porcelain flowed into through interchange between Baekje and China, and through comparison with Chinese chronogram material it is estimated to have been produced and used after middle of 4th century. Therefore it can be known that the Baekje people's demand for China made articles was big and imitation pottery was produced and used with Baekje pottery. In addition, bowl with outward mouth are confirmed in multiple number in Lakrang(樂浪) pottery wan and it is assumed that wan was the form produced under the influence.