• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.666-672
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• 2024

Shadow puppetry (皮影戏) is a traditional Chinese folk art that was inscribed in 2011 as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. This study focuses on analyzing the character sculptures, colors, and patterns recorded in professional books from Shanxi Province in northern China. The findings indicate that Shanxi shadow puppetry can be categorized into two types. The 'Xiaoyi' in northern Shanxi mainly features characters from the story of 'The Investiture of the Gods' (封神演义) and is characterized by the use of both intaglio and relief carving, dark colors, and a paper screen background. The 'Houma' shadow puppetry in southern Shanxi is influenced by the traditional Shanxi opera 'Jinju' (晋剧) and features four roles: Sheng (生), Dan (旦), Jing (净), and Chou (丑), using a mesh screen background. Shadow puppetry represents costumes, beliefs, lifestyles, social status, social systems, and Confucian culture from the Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties, utilizing both intaglio and relief elements, and traditional five-element colors(五行色). This study aims to understand the characteristics of the modeling art in Shanxi shadow puppetry, and to maintain the traditional craft features while adding innovative elements from animation and film, thereby promoting and preserving the traditional values of shadow puppetry culture for children and youth.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.74
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• pp.136-176
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• 2015

Despite the great significance we attach on culture, only a handful of researches focus on the characteristics and practices of cultural journalism. This study has aimed to unravel the changes in the trajectory of cultural journalism of Korean major newspapers, through content analysis and qualitative interpretation of the cultural contents they report. The results show that the number of cultual items have decreased compared to that of 10 years ago, although the entire number of pages has meanwhile increased. News items focused on 'products(advertisement)' and 'life(style)' have increased, whereas those on 'knowledge refined' and 'leisure entertainment' have decreased. 'Critique review commentary', 'academics' and 'performance exhibition art music' items turn out to have decreased significantly; soft contents such as mass culture, tourism, fashion and beauty, on the other hand, have increased considerably. Moreover, the demographic characteristics of news contributors remain almost the same, except that the proportion of ordinary readers/audience has slightly increased. Similarly, although there were no difference regarding the sources of direct quotation, the frequency of quotes from ordinary readers has increased. Consequently, these results imply how the cultural journalism of Korean newspapers are limited in encompassing diverse types of content, differentiating constitution, and presenting critical viewpoints.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.4-23
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to classify the types of tweezers used across time and to examine the social culture of periods through the use of tweezers. Chapter II summarized the terms for tweezers and looked at the use of tweezers in two cases related to the social culture and politics of a period. The first is the use of tweezers for beauty purposes. Men used tweezers as a kind of self-management to maintain their social status and power, and thus they helped develop a wide range of tweezers cultures. People with gray hair are usually old. The perception that we should step down from politics when we are aged has become strong. Therefore, politicians pulled out gray hairs with tweezers to maintain only black hair and show youth, which indicates that their social influence is still strong. The second is the use of tweezers for first aid. Chapter III classified tweezers by type during the Goryeo and Joseon periods. The tweezers are largely divided into basic and composite types. The basic type of tweezers is a form that has been continued since the Three Kingdoms Period and consists of tongs and handles, and a fixed type of tweezers with a fixed ring appeared. Composite tweezers are made by grafting earpick or multipurpose knives. Composite tweezers are all-in-one tweezers with an earpick and an all-in-one knife. Tweezers are usually all-in-one. Among the composite tweezers, rivet separation and ring separation are characterized by separation, unlike the all-in-one tweezers. The method of connecting is divided into rivets and connection rings. The all-in-one tweezers appear only during the Goryeo Dynasty and are characterized by the lifestyle that provides a glimpse of the tastes of contemporary users. The manufacturing takes shape after making a thin metal plate. Decorative techniques are carved on soft metal tweezers, such as silver and bronze with a line, point, and a pressed angle. These tweezers are presumed to have been used by the royal family or aristocrats. However, most tweezers are made of strong bronze or iron. Therefore, the majority of simple X-shaped patterns are sampled or without patterns. The biggest reason why there are such diverse types of tweezers is that the culture of tweezers was widespread regardless of the times. In addition, the basic type of tweezers has been used since the Three Kingdoms Period and has been modified and used together as necessary because the shape of tweezers is a practical daily tool. Study of metal crafts have been limited to royal objects and Buddhist crafts. We hope that research on everyday tools such as tweezers will continue to serve as an opportunity to examine the social and cultural aspects of the times in various ways.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.525-533
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• 2015

This study presents a favoured pattern of makeup and psychology according to it by recognition type, through an examination of recognition for it in order to understand interest and awareness regarding it among female college students. The makeup is emotionally effective for confidence and positive thought, and is considered to be a category of social manner. The subjects can be grouped according to difference in recognition of makeup: contemplation, reception, observation and correspondence group. Although there is slight difference in the interest of four types of makeup depending on recognition difference, the behavior of makeup plays a large part in establishing personal relationships. The pattern of makeup favours natural style which places an emphasis on skin tone. The female college students in their 20s, who are at the center of current beauty trend market, were asked to conduct questionnaire of makeup, so interest and awareness of makeup behavior can be understand. If these findings are actively used in the beauty trend, various and effective beauty cultures are considered to be created.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.115-124
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of beauty information in the SNS environment and consumer attitudes and loyalty of high school students. The subjects of this study were high school students residing in Gwangju, and a total of 375 copies were used for the final analysis. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS V.21.0 program. Summarizing the study results, interactivity and usefulness were key factors in the relationship between beauty information characteristics and high school students' attitude and loyalty in the SNS environment, and information provision, playfulness, and vitality were derived as major factors. Based on the above result rule, it is expected that it will be used as a data for presenting the direction for collecting the correct information in the SNS use of teenage consumers and establishing marketing strategies for beauty companies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 2019

This study was designed to prepare measures for future development and growth of local cosmetics industry by examining awareness, purchasing behaviors and satisfaction of beauty professionals with regard to Korean brand mask packs that have recently created a big trend in the beauty market. According to the results of survey, 80.6 percent of the respondents said that the most important factor in buying a mask pack was 'effect,' and as for the needed improvement of mask packs, 33.7 percent responded 'effect,' indicating that consumers still find the function of a product is unreliable. In addition, the respondents said that 'K-beauty effect' was the reason why mask packs were highly popular abroad, especially in China, and items that can promote beauty market were also said to be 'K-beauty advertising and promotion,' so it is believed that a good impression of K-culture rather than its own efficacy or reliability is leading to the present results. Therefore, K-beauty industry is expected to grow further in the global market if domestic and abroad consumers' confidence on the product is gained through the development of superior products that have improved effect and usability.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.156-165
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• 2020

330 Korean adult women were examined the correlation between degree of makeup and makeup satisfaction before/after wearing masks due to COVID-19 and the moderating effect of mandatory/voluntary goal-oriented attitude toward makeup. The study found that lip makeup(p<.001) was significant variable in makeup satisfaction before COVID-19, and eyebrow makeup(0<.002) was significant after COVID-19. Although moderating effect of mandatory goal-oriented attitude, which works between degree of makeup before/after COVID-19 and makeup satisfaction was not significant, but moderating effect of voluntary goal-oriented attitude appeared to be significant before(p<.000) and after(p<.000) COVID-19. And the degree of makeup after COVID-19 was lower than before(p<.000). If one believe that makeup is for one's own satisfaction, degree of makeup can be significant effect on the makeup satisfaction, but actual behavior has shown that degree of makeup has decreased since wearing masks because of COVID-19. I hope this research will be used as marketing material for beauty and cosmetics industry.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1008-1018
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of consumption value, service quality, and customer satisfaction on store loyalty of beauty consumers. Using a questionnaire developed from previous studies, data were collected from 319 females at beauty stores located in Busan. They were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and path analysis using SPSS 14.0 Program. Results showed that beauty consumers were classified into three groups by their consumption values; Subjective group, Practical group, and Epistemic group. There were a little differences among three consumer groups in the influence of perceived service qualities on consumer satisfaction. They suggest that the more satisfied with store services, consumers were the greater loyalty of beauty stores. Additionally, satisfaction of beauty consumers was a very important variable to develop the store loyalty. These findings would provide retailers and marketers related to beauty stores the informations encouraging consumer satisfactions and developing strategies of beauty stores.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.484-497
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that relation-building factors between beauty service stores and customers have on relationship quality and long-term orientation. Specifically, the influence of relation formation factors (relationship benefits and communication) on relationship quality (satisfaction and trust) and long-term orientation was empirically examined. This research was conducted through a questionnaire survey, and 402 adults were targeted from Jan. 6 to Jan. 16 in 2014. The results were as follows. First, the relationship benefits of beauty service stores were classified into four dimensions of psychological, social, economic, and informational benefits. It was found that only the dimension of psychological benefits had a significant influence on long-term orientation among the relationship benefits dimensions. Second, it was found that the psychological benefits of beauty service stores had positive effect on relationship quality (satisfaction and trust). It was shown that informational benefits had a significant influence on satisfaction only. Third, it appeared that communication had a positive effect on long-term orientation. Fourth, it was found that communication had a significant influence on relationship quality(satisfaction and trust). Finally, it was shown that relationship quality (satisfaction and trust) had positive effect on long-term orientation. The implications of the research and direction for future study were discussed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.350-363
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were 1) to examine the conceptual structure of outcome quality and process quality of beauty service, 2) to investigate the relationships among beauty service quality, consumer satisfaction, word-of-mouth reputation and perceived risk, and 3) to find out the effects of related variables on consumer satisfaction. The questionnaire was developed based on pretest and previous studies, and completed by 435 female consumers that experienced beauty service during about one month in Busan. First, factor analysis showed that the process quality of beauty services consisted of four factors, such as Employee Service, Physical Service, Time-saving Service, and Economic Service. And the outcome service quality consisted of two factors, such as Socio-psychological service, Functional service. Second, the higher word-of-mouth reputation and the lower perceived risk were the higher perceived beauty service quality and the more satisfied with service. Third, the process quality of beauty service, word-of-mouth reputation, socio-psychological service quality effected on consumer satisfaction. Especially, the employee service was very important on consumer satisfaction.