• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.501-506
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• 2022

Echogenic liposome contains both liquid and gas inside the shell. In ultrasound mediated drug delivery, sonoporation, these new microbubbles can be an attractive drug carrier since they can be loaded water soluble drugs and drug molecules can be unloaded at the specific location with ultrasound sonication. In this paper, the structure of the echogenic liposome was confirmed with EF-TEM and the positive effect of sonoporation with echogenic liposome was comparatively evaluated on MDA-MB-231 cells which is a type of breast cancer cell with Doxorubicin. Control group (Group 1), Doxorubicin only (Group 2), sonoporation with Doxorubicin and hollow microbubbles (Group 3), sonoporation with Doxorubicin loaded echogenic liposome (Group 4) were classified and experiments were conducted. According to the results, Group 4 is at least 1.4 times better in inducing necrosis of cancer cells. Therefore, we conclude echogenic liposome could be one of the most useful form of microbubbles in sonoporation.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.725-736
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• 1995

소노루미네센스(SL)현상은 액체 내에서 초음파에 동기화되어 진동하는 미소기포$~10\mu\textrm{m}$)가 수축할 때 기포내부의 온도가 고온이 됨에 따라 기포중심으로부터 빛이 나오는 현상을 말한다. 단일기 포가 초음파에 가진 될 경우 그 스펙트럼이 X선에 가까운 것임이 밝혀질뿐더러 촉매물 질의 개발이나 활성화, 고분자 합성뿐만 아니라 용액 내에서의 불순물 제거 등에 대한 응용의 가능성이 속속 발견되자, 현재 과학계뿐만 아니라 일반 매스컴에서도 화제의 대상이 되고 있다. SL현상은 원자당 $10^{11}eV$ 에 해당되는 초음파 에너지의 파장이 0.19.mu. 이하인 X선, 즉 6eV 이상의 광자에너지로 증폭됨에 따라 기포수축시 기포내 가스의 온도가 수만 도에 이르는 것, 레이저에 상응하는 광펄스 폭(50 ps)과 초음파에 동기되어 현존하는 최상의 수정시계에 필적하는 SL펄스의 규칙성, 기포수축시의 $10^{10}W/m^{2}$에 해당되는 열의 방출과 10억분의 수 초 동안에 $10^{4}K$의 고온상태에서 200K 정도의 저온상태로 바뀜에 따른 급격한 냉각속도 등 으로 특징지어질 수 있다. 이 글에서는 현재 실험을 통하여 알려진 SL에 관한 현상의 특징과 응용에 대해 구체적으로 기술하였다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

For the experiment of the friction drag reduction by microbubble injection, a drag reduction water tunnel was specifically designed and made. Experimental apparatus and procedures were devised and developed for measuring the change of wall friction drag with microbubble injection. For fully-developed channel flows. the change of friction drag with important parameters of microbubble injection is investigated and the experimental data and results obtained are presented. The amount of friction drag reduction up to 25% is observed in the present study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.416-423
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• 2012

Liquid acquisition device in the liquid propellant supply system is required to protect entrance of gas bubble into the propulsion system. The device exploits the capillary effect of micro-sized poles in a screen and supplies pure liquid-phase propellant to the propulsion system. The bubble point is the most important performance parameter in the design of a liquid acquisition device. In this paper, performance parameters affecting the bubble point are identified through literature survey, in order to develop the experimental setup for the bubble point measurement.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.550-555
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• 2000

Nonlinear oscillation of a microbubble under ultrasound was investigated theoretically. The bubble radius-time curves calculated by the Rayleigh-Plesset equation with a polytropic index and by the Keller-Miksis equation with the analytical solution for the Navier-Stokes equations of the gases were compared with the observed results by the light scattering method. This study has revealed that the bubble behavior such as the expansion ratio and the bouncing motion after the first collapse under ultrasound depends crucially on the retarded time of the bubble motion to the applied ultrasound.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.483-486
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• 2002

Injection of microbubbles and/or polymer solution has been known to be a promising method for the reduction of frictional drag of water-borne vehicles. Naval Architects have been interested in friction drag reduction technology, since the friction drag of a commercial ship can be over $70{\%}$ of total resistance. The reduction of friction drag is also important for autonomous underwater vehicles and naval submarines to improve their durability and survivability In this study two sets of experiments were carried out for the friction drag reduction of 2-D channel wall and flat plate in the circulating water channels in Chungnam National University. Preliminary results from the experiments are presented and discussed.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 1998

The microbubble splits injection system are improved for the enhancement efficiency of viscous frictional drag reduction. It was confirmed that the experimental results is effective more than Mercle's[7] using the present system in the comparisons. And the new experimental equation is derived to get viscous frictional drag reduction useful for the present experimental data. The new experimental equation approaches Mercle's[7] experimental data wel.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.503-517
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• 1995

A mechanistic model for forced convective transition boiling has been developed to predict transition boiling heat flux realistically. This model is based on a postulated multi­stage boiling process occurring during the passage time of an elongated vapor blanket specified at a critical heat flux condition. Between the departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) and the departure from film boiling (DFB) points, the boiling heat transfer is established through three boiling stages, namely, the macrolayer evaporation and dryout governed by nucleate boiling in a thin liquid film and the unstable film boiling. The total heat transfer rate during the transition boiling is the sum of the heat transfer rates after the DNB weighted by the time fractions of each stage, which are defined as the ratio of each stage duration to the vapor blanket passage time. The model predictions are compared with some available experimental transition boiling data. From these comparisons, it can be seen that the transition boiling heat fluxes including the maximum heat flux and the minimum film boiling heat flux are nil predicted at low qualities/high pressures near 10 bar.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 1968

해양에 있어서의 생물체의 에너지 순환, 즉 해양에 있어서의 생산체계에서 이중 먼저 기초생산체계만이라도 그 전상을 파악하자는 일은 먼 옛날부터 해양생물학자들의 진지하고도 끊임없는 추구대상이었다. 해양에는 막대한 양의 바닷물이 잠겨있고, 이곳에는 엄청난 양의 생명체가 함양되어 있으며, 이것들은 피포식자-포식자의 계열에서 어떠한 균형상태를 이루고 있는가하는 문제는 극히 흥미가 진진한 문제이다. 해양에 함양되는 무수한 생명체들은 간단없이 명멸, 소장만을 거듭하고 있다는 시적인 형용과 연상은 한층 더 구체화되어야 한다. 이러한 경향은 또한 근래의 세계인구의 격증에 대비하는 인간의 식량조달의 필요상, 해양이 지닌 잠재적인 식량생산의 여력을 재평가하자는 기운에서 한층 더 박차가 가해졌었다. 식량생산의 보고로서 해양에 주어진 책무는 크기만 하다. 해양에 잠겨있는 막대한 양의 바닷물은 긴 년월에 걸쳐 자연이 조제한 훌륭한 하나의 배양액이라고 불수 있고, 이것의 다각적인 이용개발은 지금부터 시작되었다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 근래에 이르러 각종기구 및 측기의 발달에 따라 해양의 물리, 화학 및 생물학적인 미세구조가 점차적으로 해명됨에 따라 해양학에 있어서의 고전적이고 전통적인 개념에 수정을 강요하는 사태가 적지않게 일어나고 있다. 해양의 기초생산체계에 대한 개념도 크게 비약하고 있으며, 해양에 있어서의 식물플랭크톤->동물플랭크톤->소형동물->어류를 연결하는 일방통행적인 식물연쇄개념을 크게 확대하고 비약시키지 아니하면 안될 여러 가지 사실이 들어나고 있다. 해양의 생물생산계의 기초적인 역할을 하는 것은 식물플랭크톤, 데트리타스 (detritus)등을 포함한 미소현탁물이라는 것은 틀림이 없으나, 이것들이 생명물질 기워니 아니드라도 물리현상으로 일어나는 기포를 매개로 하여 생성할수 있는 가능성이 제시되었다. 여기서는 이러한 해양의 미소현탁물에 관한 연구에 대해서 그 의의와 연구결과를 요약 소개하여 해양학도들의 참고로 한다. 이 종설을 꾸미는데 Jorgensen(1962), riley(1963), Parsons(1963), 서택(1966)등의 같은 토픽스에 관한 종설을 많이 참고로 한 것을 부기한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 1994

This paper presents a new concept to reduce turbulent frictional drag by injecting micro-bubble into near the buffer layer of turbulent boundary layer on flat plate. The concentrations of micro bubble distribution in the boundary was calculater by eddy viscosity equations in the governing equations. When near region of the buffer layer of turbulent boundary layer is filled with micro-bulle of air and viscous of the region is kept low, the velocity profile in the near region should be changed substantially. Then the Reynolds stress in the region becomes less, which guide to lower velocity gradient there. It results in reduction of velocity gradient at the viscous sublayer, which gives the reduction of shear stress at the wall.