• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2011.05b
• /
• pp.550-553
• /
• 2011

영화산업의 메카라 불리우는 헐리우드를 비롯한 세계 영화계는 극심한 소재의 고갈로 비슷비슷한 내용의 반복, 기존의 영화를 리메이크하여 제작하는 관행이 점차 커지고 있다. 이런 현상은 다른 영역의 콘텐츠를 영화로 재가공하는 'One Source Multi Use'의 확산을 가지고 왔는데, One Source Multi Use의 원천 소스로 가장 각광받고 있는 것이 만화다. 미국은 1930년대 초반부터 코믹스라는 장르의 만화산업이 발전하여 방대한 그래픽노블과 코믹스를 원천소스로 '슈퍼맨', '배트맨', '스파이더맨' 등의 시리즈를 내놓고 있다. 한국 역시 많은 수의 만화원작을 보유하고 있다. 이는 한국이 다른 나라와는 확연하게 차이가 나는 만화생산 및 소비시스템을 가지고 있는 것에 기인하는데 그것이 바로 만화가게로 일컬어지는 대본소 시스템이다. 대본소를 통한 만화의 보급은 가공할 만화의 생산을 주도했고 일간지를 통해 연재된 장편만화 역시 다른 나라에서는 찾아보기 힘든 시스템이다. 근래에 이르러 문화산업의 원천소스로 각광받는 만화는 스토리텔링을 근간으로 하기에 다양하게 다른 매체로 전이되고 재생산이 가능하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 단지 만화로서가 아닌 콘텐츠로 활용될 수 있는 만화원작의 필요조건이 무엇인지 분석하고자 한다.

• The monthly packaging world
• /
• s.20
• /
• pp.44-49
• /
• 1994

지난 11월 13일부터 17일까지 미국 일리노이주 시카고에 있는 맥코믹 전시센터에서 PACK EXPO '94가 열렸다. 흔히 '시카고팩'으로 불리우는 이 전시회는 독일의 뒤셀도르프에서 열리는 '인터팩', 일본에서 개최되는 '도쿄팩'과 더불어 세계 3대 포장박람회로 손꼽히고 있다. 사단법인 한국포장협회는 이번에 처음으로 해외전시 참관단을 모집, 모두 44명이 참여한 가운데 11월 13일부터 20일까지 7박8일 일정으로 참관여행을 다녀왔다. PACK EXP

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.28
• /
• pp.27-53
• /
• 2012

American superhero comics are being produced in numerous different forms for multiple, and cross-platform media. In cinema, films based on superhero comics top the list of all time box office records. The same phenomenon of the 'Invasion of Superhero' is duplicated in Korean box office 2012, however, the korean fans are not familiar with the superheroes from the publication which provides the original source of characters and stories for other superhero related media products. Based on observing the multiple and vastness of world building characteristics of superhero comic, this paper attempts to associate the continuous creative nature and the infinite repetition of superheroes and comic texts with the identity of superhero on ontological level. First, chapter 2 examines how one superhero exists in multiple and different worlds individually by utilizing the concept of 'multi-universe' or 'multiverse' in comic texts. Initially, duplicating a superhero on multiple settings and series destroyed continuity and allowed contradiction and paradox confused narrative as a whole, but it also gave chances for comics to be more vibrant and experimental with their stories and characters. Chapter 3 analyzes the superhero comic texts in the light of repetition, concept developed by french philosopher Gilles Deleuze, and make the argument that the superheroes and texts are not repeated to generate surplus of source for economic utilitarian purposes, but it is, first and foremost, a repetition of creativeness and capability. Many concepts introduced by Deleuze in his early masterpiece, $\acute{e}$rence et R$\acute{e}$p$\acute{e}$tition> are taken to support this argument. Mainly, his critical views on generality of the identity and his effort to replace the Plato's system of representation with vibrant creative, and renewal energy of r$\acute{e}$p$\acute{e}$tition. According to Deleuze, repetition is similar concept, if not identical, to what Nietzsche called the 'eternal return' which allows the return of the Overhuman or the Superhuman, and he extends his idea that the returning Overhuman is the singular simulacre which opposes the generalization of identity, in the likes of Plato's Idea. Thus, the superhero's identity is ever changing, ever returning, and ever renewing Overhuman. The superhero must be repeated to fully actualize his/her existence. Also, based on Deleuze's reading of Bergson's texts on the Virtual, the superhero, for example Superman, is actualization of his/her multiplisit$\acute{e}$, the internally multiple, and differentiated variations from itself. These every Supermans' multiplisit$\acute{e}$ shares common memory, past, and duration, thus the Virtual of Superman. Superman becomes himself only by actualizing the movement and differentiation from these multiplisit$\acute{e}$ in his virtual on the surface of reality. On chapter 4, a popular Korean comic book character Oh, Hae-Sung's r$\acute{e}$p$\acute{e}$tition and multiplist$\acute{e}$ are analyzed, and makes comparison to that of Superman to distinguish the repetition from r$\acute{e}$p$\acute{e}$tition, and multiplicit$\acute{e}$ from diversity.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.9
• /
• pp.33-58
• /
• 2005

This study is to create and develop Korean cartoon & animation through the comparative study on those activities in Korea, America & Japan. Three countries advance highly in the art creation and industry development of their cartoon & animation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the following activities related to the education ${\cdot}$ art ${\cdot}$ culture ${\cdot}$ industry of their cartoon & animation; 1) The education of their cartoon & animation is deeply specified in the establishment of department, composition of curriculum, and research & development. 2) The art of their cartoon & animation is widely diversified in the art creation of cartoon & comics, vanguard experiment of animation, and awarding system. 3) The culture of their cartoon & animation is clearly distinguished in the setup of organizations, expansion of cultural facilities, and festival events. 4) The industry of their cartoon & animation makes ultramodern contents of cartoon & comics, film digitizing of animation, and brand merchandising of characters. Finally, we must research and develop the ${\ll}$digital cartoon, webtoon, and mobile animation${\gg}$ in Korea.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.145-155
• /
• 2015

Into the 1990s, there have been changes in perception of pop culture consumers by making a distinction between groups that are active, critical and creative. This study aims to establish a theoretical reasoning for conventions organized and participated voluntarily by fans, which has been especially noticeable in the American subculture for a long time, while investigating how fans and all the parties concerned interact at conventions then to expand the imaginary world. To this end, an analysis has been carried out on the conventions for the particular American TV series of Supernatural. The results show that the reason for this drama series maintaining such enduring vitality as if a living thing is attributable to the special bond of sympathy developed between fans and actors and the following interactions between them. Furthermore, in the aspect of cultural sociology, a piece of work can only be completed through unconstrained interpretation of the work and the resultant recreation by the creator and the receiver, which has been ascertained by this study.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.51
• /
• pp.159-179
• /
• 2018

As digital media evolves, image changes have evolved from 2D to 3D. At the end of the 1930s when the US overcame the economic crisis and met the Second World War, people needed a hero to escape reality. In DC (Detective Comics), superhero comics started to become popular by making superhero series mainly with Super Man and Bat Man. Timely Comics, founded by Martin Goodman in 1939, also published Marvel Comics, the first comic strip in epochal comics on October 1 of the same year. From this point on, Marble has developed mainly in the cartoon industry. However, in the development of the times and the change of media, Marble boldly grasps the influence of Hollywood movies from the comic centered development system, and moves from the cartoon market to the movie market. Especially, the trans-media storytelling strategy was well reflected in the movie "Avengers" series, which Marvel produced after the merger with Disney. In this paper, When Marble Comics compares with the time when the comic book industry developed before the merger and the time when the movie industry was focused after the merger with Disney What kind of change and development, and The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of these changes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.127-140
• /
• 2020

Since the first episode of (1995) by Pixar, a world leading animation company, 3D animation has been focused on realistic motion and rendering techniques. However, in 2018, 3D animation was released, with unique backgrounds created through illustration techniques and dynamic movements of characters that seemed to be produced by hand rather than computers. It shows a lot of difference from other 3D animations. In this study, I analyzed 's new production techniques and expressions into two categories, first, the use of old comics techniques, and second, other factors that made the animation stand out. in 3D animation market focused on realistic motion and rendering techniques can have positive implications in terms of expanding animation diversity. This study is expected to be used as academic or research data for researchers studying new production techniques in related fields.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.399-406
• /
• 2017

Contrary to the fact that the old films contain artistic and include contemporary literature, religion, and philosophy, latest films are produced with focusing on external interesting composition and sensational scene. A good movie emotionally express the directors' topic message exuding from an interesting story, and empathize with the social agenda which shows a sharp look of the directors' on contemporary social aspect. In the movies of the Coen brothers, it seems like an entertainment movie as typical black comedy genre through irony and happening, but in fact, it inserts a lot of social problems in the film to show that they cynically express their social agenda from a contemplative view. In their movie "The Big Lebowski (1998)", it seems like they are creating comical content through the main characters' unaffected attitude. However, it is director's excellent director of the sub-text that expresses American social issues such as Vietnam war, post-modernism and an obscurantist policy and au fond the comedy about the historical facts of mass production of social maladjustment into black comedy. We expect to contribute to make a step forward in the Korea film industry by analyzing such movies that has the cultural power of influence.