• Title/Summary/Keyword: 물리화학적 성분

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The effect of Thermal Distribution on $LaSc_3(BO_3)_4$ Crystal Growth by Cz Method ($LaSc_3(BO_3)_4$ 단결정 성장조건)

  • 장영남;배인국
    • Korean Journal of Crystallography
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 1998
  • The rare-earth orthoborate family, RM3(BO3)4 is known to be the most promising material for the microlaser host. To grow LaSc3(BO3)4 single crystal, the phase relation of the system LaBO3-ScBO3 was investigated by DTA method. LaSc(BO3)4 was the unique intermediate compound in the binary system the peritectic reaction point of which was 1495 ±2℃. Owing to the peritectic behavior of the compound, the crystal growth of the rare-earth Sc-borate was carried out by pulling from the melt-soultion of La1+xSc3-x(BO3)4. The optimal conditions for the growth of LaSc3(BO3)4 were determined by traditional CZ method : pulling speed 0.7mm/hr, rotation speed 7-10 rpm under reduction condition. Pt and Ir crucibles could be used for about 8-10 times of growth. The effect of thermal configurations on the temperature distribution was investigated. A special two-coordinate manipulator was made for the precise movement of thermocouples from the melt to the top of the furnace for several thermal configurations. The radial gradient on the melt surface depends strongly on the construction of the afterheater. On the other hand, the axial gradient was mainly propotional to both the opening degree of baffle plate and the mutual positions of crucible and heater.

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A Study on the Stability and Clinical Trial for the Cream Containing Inula britannica Flower Extract (금불초 꽃 추출물 함유 크림의 안정성 평가 및 인체 시험)

  • Kim, Jung-Eun;Kim, A-Reum;Park, Soo-Nam
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.129-136
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    • 2011
  • The moisturizing effect and stability of a cream containing 0.25 % Inula britannica flower ethyl acetate fraction were investigated. The pH, viscosity, and absorbance were measured under 4 different temperature conditions(4, 20, 37, and $45^{\circ}C$) and under the sun light at 2 week intervals for 12 weeks. The variations in pH and viscosity of all experimental creams were similar to those of control cream. The absorbance variations of the extract from experimental cream at 330 nm were in the order: under the sun > 45 > 37 > 25 > $4^{\circ}C$. It shows that ethyl acetate fraction in the cream can be oxidized under the sun. In addition, any change in color or smell was not observed through 12 weeks of the experimental period. These results showed that the cream were stable. Accordingly, it is suggested that further study is needed to provide more information to the manufacturers, who are seeking for the application of the extract to improve the anti-oxidant and antibacterial activities and stability of cosmetic products.

Effects of Raising Periods on Physico-Chemical Meat Properties of Chicken (육계의 사육 일령에 따른 닭고기의 이·화학적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Chae, Hyun-Seok;Choi, Hee-Chul;Na, Jae-Cheon;Jang, Ae-Ra;Kim, Min-Ji;Bang, Han-Tae;Kim, Dong-Wook;Seo, Ok-Suk;Park, Sung-Bok;Cho, Soo-Hyun;Kang, Hwan-Ku
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.285-291
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different raising days (30, 36, 42) on physico-chemical meat quality properties of chicken breasts and legs stard with 1 day old. In chemical compositions, moisture and protein contents (%) were decreased whereas fat contents (%) were increased as the raising days. In mineral contents, there was not significantly different in calcium contents. However, there was a decrease of potassium contents (p<0.05) as raising periods increased. Nucleotide-related compounds were 121.0 mg/100 g at 30 day, 130.4 at 36 day and 131.2 at 42 day, respectively. However, they were not significantly different during the raising periods (p<0.05). The similar tendency was observed in leg parts. $L^*$ values were decreased especially for chicken raised for 42 days. $b^*$ values were gradually increased as the raising periods increased. Cooking loss (%) was decreased whereas Warner-Bratzler shear forces (WBS) were increased as the raising periods increased.

A Fundamental Study of Ferro Copper Slag for Concrete Aggregate (동슬래그의 콘크리트용 골재 활용에 관한 기본연구)

  • Song, Tae-Hyeob;Lee, Mun-Hwan;Lee, Sea-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.35-42
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    • 2003
  • To use ferro copper slag as aggregate in the construction, an evaluation upon the two kinds of ferro copper slag being produced was conducted to determine the basic physical, and mechanical properties, chemical component and environmental noxiousness. As a result of experiment, it was found that two kinds of ferro copper slag satisfies the physical and mechanical properties of aggregate, prescribed in KS F 2526, and that in the result of noxious heavy metal eruption test by single bach extraction, no eruption of noxious heavy metal was detected or the eruption was far below the reference value. And mortar test was conducted by replacing sand of 25, 50, 75, 100% and the performance level was presented upon reviewing the fluidity property and variable aspects of unit weight. The increase of strength in accordance with replacement rate of sand was found to be the below than the equivalent level compared to the testing specimens that did not use ferro copper slag, but those of 25% replacement rate was above than 0%. Thus, two kinds of ferro copper slag, produced in the domestic, were found to be possessing the enough physical properties to use as concrete aggregate assuming that used with sand and in particular, it was reviewed to be advantageous in manufacturing concrete or mortar that requires weight.

버섯의 항암효과 -영자 균사체 다당류의 항종양 활성-

  • 이준우
    • Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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    • 1997.06b
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    • pp.13-14
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    • 1997
  • 영지의 약리효과는 triterpenoid계의 저분자와 polysaccharide인 고분자로 대별할 수 있다. 저분자 물질은 항염증작용, 항알러지작용, 간암세포 성장 억제작용, 혈압 강하작용, 혈소판 응집저해작용 등이 있으며, 고분자 물질은 혈압강하작용, 정혈작용, 고지혈증 개선작용, 혈당 강하작용, 면역 증강작용 및 항종양작용 등이 있는 것으로 알려졌다. 현재까지의 영지에 관한 연구는 주로 자실체에 대한 연구가 주류를 이루고 있으며 이들의 산지, 환경조건, 채집시기 및 실험자들에 따라 약리 효과 등에 많은 차이가 있다. 이들에 대한 효과가 영지의 대표적 약리효과라고 언급하기엔 부족한 점이 많으므로 약리효과가 우수하고 일관성이 있는 영지 유래 다당류를 얻기 위한 방법으로서는 균사체의 대량배양법 및 분리방법이 확립 되어야만 한다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 항암활성 다당류의 개발을 위해 국내 자생 영지를 채집하여 검색 및 계통적 분류를 행하였으며 분리된 균주의 최적 액체배양 조건, 다당류 분리 조건, 다당류의 물리화학적 특성 및 약리활성 등에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 그 중 약리활성이 우수한 G- lucidum IY009 균주를 선발 하였다. 구조적 특징과 종양 면역 활성과의 관계 규명을 위해, G- lucidum IY009 배양균사체로부터 다당류를 T-AS, U-AS, M-AS, S 및 H로 분획 하였다. 추출조건에 따른 다당류 GLG의 수율은 열수 추출 분획이 2.98g/l로 가장 높았으며, U-AS및 T-AS에서 각각 2.32g/l, 2.07g/l이었다. GLG의 특성을 조사하기 위하여 수용성과 비수용성으로 분리한 결과 수용성 분획은 비수용성 분획보다 높은 당 함량을 나타냈으며, T-AS는 70.3%의 당과 7.8%의 단백질로 구성 되었다. GLG 대부분의 분획들은 60~93%의 glucose로 구성된 다당류 이었으며, 주로 $\beta$-glucose로 구성된 다당류 이었다. 아미노산은 Asp 및 Glu의 산성 아미노산과 Ala, Leu 등의 함량이 높게 나타났으며, 비알칼리 추출물에서 Ser과 Thr의 함량이 높게 나타났다. 다당류 T-AS는 평균 분자량이 2,000 kD와 12kD에서 주 peak를 나타냈으며, 수용성 분획의 평균 분자량은 12kD이고 비수용성 분획은 36~2,000 kD의 평균 분자량 분포를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. IR과 NMR 분석 결과 890 cm-1에서 흡수 peak를 나타내어 $\beta$-(1,3)0glucan과 $\beta$-(1,6)-glucan의 구조를 갖는 다당류로 확인 되었다. T-AS 분획은 C:H:O:N의 함량비가 38.9:5.7:49.6:1.84%이며, 이 물질의 융점은 163 $^{\circ}C$로 연한 갈색을 나타낸다. 분리된 GLG의 항암활성 기전 규명을 위해, in vivo 항암실험, 항보체 활성능, 항체 생성능, serum protein 분비능, 대식세포의 탐식능과 활성능 및 세포간 물질 분비 등의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 다당류 GLG 분획물들 가운데 항보체의 활성이 높았던 분획은 sarcome 180에 대한 항암 활성이 높게 나타났다. 다당류 T-AS의 보체 활성화 기작은 classical과 alternative complement pathway의 양 경로를 통해 활성화 되었다. T-AS 분획은 mouse내의 특정 혈청단백을 증가시켰으며, 항체 생성능의 증가가 관찰되어 effect T 세포의 활성화가 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. T-AS는 생체내 투여시에 대식세포의 탐식능이 증진되었으며, 대식세포 기능 저해제에 의한 대식세포의 기능 저해 현상이 회복되었다. 이와 같은 결과들로부터, T-AS의 항암 활성은 활성화된 보체 성분 및 당 수용체들이 존재하는 대식세포의 개입을 시사한다.

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The Effect of Oral Administration of Tissue Culture Medium Waste of Korean Wild Ginseng on Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens (산삼 배양액 급여가 육계의 육질에 미치는 영향 연구)

  • Seol, Jae-Won;Park, Jae-Hong;Chae, Joon-Seok;Kang, Hyung-Sub;Ryu, Kyeong-Seon;Kang, Chun-Seong;Park, Sang-Youel
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.151-158
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    • 2010
  • TCM-KWG (tissue culture medium waste after harvest of Korean wild ginseng) (panax ginseng) is left over of tissue culture medium used to grow Korean wild ginseng (KWG). The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of TCM-KWG on meat quality and the possible of application as additives in broiler chickens. A day old broiler chickens randomized in 6 groups (n=60/groups) were administered orally with 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 mL/L TCM-KWG through drinking water with one untreated control group. After administration for five weeks, we analyzed chemical composition and meat quality. Crude ash increased approximately 20% in TCM-KWG treatment groups as compared to control group whereas the concentration of moisture, crude protein and crude fat did not show any significant difference. Crude ash is essential to enhance skeleton formation and physiological function. TCM-KWG treatment gradually decreased the pH value of breast meat whereas it did not change the purge loss and cooking loss. The pH value of meat is important for preservation of meat for longer periods and high durability strength. These results suggest that TCM-KWG treatment may improve the quality of meat and can be apply as food additives in chickens.

Materials Analysis of Furnace Wall Excavated from Songdu-ri Site in Jincheon, Chungbuk (충북 진천 송두리 유적 출토 노벽의 재료과학적 분석)

  • Jang, Won Jin;Han, Min Su
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.421-429
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    • 2020
  • This study examined the manufacturing process of a furnace wall excavated from the Songdu-ri Site in Jincheon, and the difference in material composition between the 11 layers of the wall using physicochemical analyses. Based on microstructure observations, these layers could be largely divided into three groups: an undercalcined first layer, calcined second to ninth layer with evidences of partial heat, and non-fired soil layers from the tenth to the eleventh layer. Particle size analyses revealed that the fired layer constituted a relatively higher content of coarse sand than the non-fired layer. This difference was further confirmed by the results of the curvature coefficient analysis. An analysis of the constituent minerals showed similar overall XRD diffraction patterns between the different layers, but variations in the intensity of the low-temperature and high-temperature minerals. This indicates that the degree of heat was different. The thermal analysis results demonstrated that the heating peak of mullite was only reached in the first and second layers of the wall, thus implying these as the layers to be finally used. Consequently, no significant difference could be observed between the materials of the various layers of the wall. Thus, it can be suggested that the furnace wall was constructed using clay, which had a composition similar to that of the soil present in the area. However, the shape and characteristics of the constituent particles between the layers displayed partial variations, and it is possible that some external materials might have been added.

Effects of Radish Root Cultivars on the Dongchimi Fermentation (동치미 발효에 미치는 무 품종의 영향)

  • Huh, Yun-Jeong;Cho, Young-Ju;Kim, Jong-Kee;Park, Ki-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2003
  • Physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of six dongchimi cultivars were evaluated. Moisture and sugar contents were 94.2% and $4.30^{\circ}Brix$ for three spring radish cultivars, while 92.9% and $7.30^{\circ}Brix$ for three autumn ones. pH $(5.7{\sim}6.1)$ and acidity $(0.09{\sim}0.12%)$ did not show significant differences among cultivars. pH decreased steadily up to 21 days to reach optimum pH of 4.0. The maximum number of total lactic acid bacteria, $10^8{\sim}10^9\;CFU/mL$, was reached at pH 4.0. The final acidity of spring radishes was lower than that of autumn ones, and was proportional to the sugar content of the radishes. The firmness of spring radish decreased rapidly compared to the autumn ones. Cheongbok was found suitable for dongchimi, because its firmness level was maintained around $165.0{\times}10^3\;N/m^2$ at 35 days. Sensory evaluation revealed 96371 among spring radishes and cheongbok among autumn radishes scored high in firmness, chewiness, flavor, and overall acceptance. These results suggest that autumn radishes are suitable for dongchimi fermentation with cheongbok being the best among the cultivars.

Utilization of [6]-gingerol as an origin discriminant marker influencing melanin inhibitory activity relative to its content in Pinellia ternata (반하(Pinellia ternata)에서의 [6]-gingerol 함량과 멜라닌 저해 활성에 영향을 미치는 원산지 판별 마커로의 활용)

  • An, Ju Hyeon;Won, Hyo Jun;Seo, Soo-Kyung;Kim, Doo-Young;Ku, Chang-Sub;Oh, Sei-Ryang;Ryu, Hyung Won
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.59 no.4
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    • pp.323-330
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    • 2016
  • Pinellia ternata Breitenbach, the natural medicinal plant of the Araceae family, is a perennial plant originated from the East Asia, but also widely distributed in Europe and North America. Its tuber is used as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases such as vomiting, inflammation, and traumatic injury. Pharmacological studies revealed that P. ternata possesses anticonvulsant, anti-tumor, insecticidal, and cytotoxic activities. Despite being well-known as the useful medicinal plant, there is no reliable, standardized method for origin discrimination. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector and quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry based metabolite-profiling was applied to explore significant metabolite for origin discrimination between Korean and Chinese P. ternata. One compound was isolated from Korean P. ternata using repeated ODS column chromatography by bioactivity guided fractionation, and determined as [6]-gingerol according to the results of spectroscopic data including nuclear magnetic resonance and MS. This compound was selected as cosmeceutical biomarker by fingerprints, and it was associated to melanin inhibitory effect determining its origin authenticity. Furthermore, the calibration curve of biomarker was prepared using validated method for the comparison of content between Korean and Chinese P. ternata. This is the report to address the selection and successful validation of the discriminant metabolite for confirmation of Korean P. ternata.

Examination of the Characteristics of Mortar Mixed with Boron Compounds Presenting Various Levels of Alkalinity (다양한 알칼리도를 가진 붕소화합물이 혼입된 모르타르의 특성 검토)

  • Lee, Binna;Lee, Jong-Suk;Min, Jiyoung;Lee, Jang Hwa
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2017
  • This study examines the characteristics of mortar mixed with various boron compounds. The adapted boron compounds, classified into acid, slightly alkaline and strongly alkaline with respect to the value of the pH are acid-based boron (AA), low-alkaline-based boron (AB), and high-alkaline-based boron (HB). The pH test, setting test and compressive strength test are performed to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of mortar, and SEM imaging is conducted to analyze the microstructure of mortar. The measured pH shows that the specimens mixed with boron compounds have lower pH than the basic mortar without boron and that loss of pH occurs according to time. The setting test reveals that the initial and final setting times of the specimens mixed with boron compounds occur later than the basic mortar, which disagrees slightly with the previous literature stating that the setting time can be shortened according to the alkalinity. From the compressive strength test and SEM imaging results, it is recommended to determine the optimal content of boron considering type and composition of the boron compounds.