Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Effects of Radish Root Cultivars on the Dongchimi Fermentation

동치미 발효에 미치는 무 품종의 영향

  • Huh, Yun-Jeong (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Cho, Young-Ju (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Kee (Department of Horticulture, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Park, Ki-Hwan (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
  • Published : 2003.02.01
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Abstract

Physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of six dongchimi cultivars were evaluated. Moisture and sugar contents were 94.2% and $4.30^{\circ}Brix$ for three spring radish cultivars, while 92.9% and $7.30^{\circ}Brix$ for three autumn ones. pH $(5.7{\sim}6.1)$ and acidity $(0.09{\sim}0.12%)$ did not show significant differences among cultivars. pH decreased steadily up to 21 days to reach optimum pH of 4.0. The maximum number of total lactic acid bacteria, $10^8{\sim}10^9\;CFU/mL$, was reached at pH 4.0. The final acidity of spring radishes was lower than that of autumn ones, and was proportional to the sugar content of the radishes. The firmness of spring radish decreased rapidly compared to the autumn ones. Cheongbok was found suitable for dongchimi, because its firmness level was maintained around $165.0{\times}10^3\;N/m^2$ at 35 days. Sensory evaluation revealed 96371 among spring radishes and cheongbok among autumn radishes scored high in firmness, chewiness, flavor, and overall acceptance. These results suggest that autumn radishes are suitable for dongchimi fermentation with cheongbok being the best among the cultivars.

품종별로 무의 일반성분과 경도 등의 특성을 측정하고 동치미를 제조하여 발효숙성 중의 물리화학적 미생물학적 특성과 관능검사를 실시한 결과 다음과 같다. 외형적 특성은 가을무가 봄무에 비하여 길이가 짧고 직경은 굵은 편이었고, 이화학적 특성은 가을무가 봄무에 비하여 수분, 회분함량은 낮고, 당도는 높았으며, 경도는 가을무가 봄무에 비하여 높았다. 동치미의 발효 숙성 중 pH는 낮아지고 산도는 증가하였다. 동치미의 적정 pH와 산도에 이르는 시간이 봄무가 가을무에 비해 빠르게 나타났으며, 최종 생성된 총산함량은 가을무가 봄무에 비해 높았으며, 이는 원료무의 당도와 비례하는 것으로 나타났다. 미생물 수의 변화에서 총균수의 변화는 봄무의 경우 17일과 21일, 가을무의 경우 21일과 24일에 최대 총균수를 보인후 서서히 감소하는 경향이었다. 젖산균수도 총균수의 변화양상과 비슷하였으며, 봄무는 17일에 $10^8{\sim}10^9\;CFU/mL$, 가을무는 청운과 백봉의 경우 21일에, 청복의 경우 24일에 $10^9\;CFU/mL$로 최고치를 보인 후 감소하거나 또는 감소하였다가 다시 상승하기도 하는 등 품종마다 다르게 나타났다. 경도 변화는 발효 초기 급격한 감소와 증가를 보인 후 완만하게 감소하였으며 가을무가 봄무에 비하여 높았고, 그 중 청복이 장기간 저장해도 경도가 높게 유지되었다. 동치미를 $4^{\circ}C$에서 보관하면서 $pH\;4.0{\pm}0.1$, 총산도 $0.2{\sim}0.3%에 이르는 21일째에 관능검사를 실시한 결과, 봄무에서는 96371이, 가을무에서는 청복이 단단함과 씹힘성, 국물의 향미가 높았고, 전체적인 기호도에서도 좋게 나타났다. 이상의 평가 결과 청복이 동치미 가공 저장에 가장 적당한 품종으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

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