• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.221-230
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the difference of sensory changes by central and peripheral stimulation for improving life care in chronic low back pain patients. Twelve chronic low back pain patients were randomly assigned to central stimulation (CS, n=6) and peripheral stimulation (PS, n=6). Quantitative sensory test (QST), pressure pain threshold (PPT) and Korean oswestry back pain disability index (KODI) were used to quantitatively measure and analyze. As a result, QST, PPT and KODI showed significant differences by period (p<.01) but did not showed any difference between the two groups (p>.05). Therefore, both stimulations had significant effects on increased sensory threshold and function improvement of the muscles that became sensitive due to pain. It is thought to be significant in improving life care for patients with chronic low back pain.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.223-233
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• 2022

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the effect of extra thoracic mobilization exercises on shoulder pain and function in patients who had undergone rotator cuff repair. Methods: Following the recording of baseline measurements, 20 subjects who had undergone rotator cuff repair were randomized into two groups: the experimental group (n = 10), which did thoracic mobilization exercises, and the control group (n = 10), which received traditional physical therapy. Each group participated in the intervention five times per week for two weeks. The pain (using the visual analogue scales [VAS]), the flexion and abduction range of motion (ROM), and the shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) scores of both groups were recorded pre- and post-intervention. Paired t-tests were used to determine whether post-intervention scores were significantly different from pre-intervention scores, and independent t-tests were used to analyze differences in the dependent variables between the two groups. Results: After the two-week intervention, both groups experienced significantly decreased VAS and SPADI scores (p < 0.05) and significantly increased flexion and abduction ROM (p < 0.05). The experimental group that undertook the thoracic mobilization exercises showed greater improvements in pain, flexion and abduction ROM, and the SPADI than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that thoracic mobilization exercises reduce shoulder pain and disability and enhance function in patients who have undergone rotator cuff repair.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.62-62
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• 2023

강우가 지표면 아래로 침투할 때 초기에는 투수층이 불포화 상태이어서 부압이 작용하면서 침투할 것이다. Richards 식(Richards, 1931)을 써서 불포화 투수층의 침투를 모의할 수 있다. 강우가 지속되는 동안 하상 아래 어느 구간은 포화 상태가 되어 Richards 식을 더 이상 사용할 수 없다. 하지만 현재까지의 연구는 Richards 식을 사용하여 침투를 모의하는 오류를 범하고 있다. 강우에 의한 침투를 예측할 때 지표면에서의 침투율 q_b 가 필요한 데 현존하는 연구에서는 Horton 식(Horton, 1941)을 사용하여 초기 침투율 f_o 와 장시간 후 침투율 f_c 와 시간에 따라 지수함수로 감소하는 계수 k 의 3가지 계수값을 실험이나 현장 관측값에서 찾아서 쓰고 있다. 그런데, 이 계수값은 강우강도 r_i 가 클수록 침투율 q 가 커지는 물리 현상을 반영하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서 먼저 포화 투수층에서의 침투를 모의하는 식을 개발하였다. 지표면 아래에서 불포화 투수층에는 Richards식을 사용하고 포화 투수층에는 개발한 식을 사용하여 침투를 모의하였다. 또한 지표면에서의 침투율 q_b 를 구하는 공식을 개발하였다. 하상에서의 침투율의 최대값은 $q_{bmax}=-{\lambda}{\sqrt{2g(s-b)}}$ 일 것이다. 여기서 λ 는 투수층의 공극율, s 는 유출수면의 위치, b 는 지표면의 위치이다. 지표면에서의 침투율의 최소값 q_bmin 은 지표면 바로 아래 지점에서의 침투율일 것이다. 지표면에서의 침투율 q_b 로 q_bmax 와 q_bmin 사이의 적절한 값을 선택한다. 강우강도를 r_i 라고 하면 지표면 위 유출수의 연속방정식은 다음과 같다: $s-b={\int}(r_i-{\mid}q_b{\mid})dt$. 즉, 유출수면의 위치 s 는 강우강도 r_i 가 클수록 또는 지표면에서의 유출율의 크기 |q_b| 가 작을수록 크다. 또한 지표면에서의 침투율 q_b 와 지표면 아래에서의 침투율 q 는 s - b 가 클수록 크다. 따라서, 강우강도 r_i 가 클수록 침투율 q_b, q 가 큰 현상이 잘 반영되었다. 강우-침투-유출 모형실험을 수행하여 강우강도에 따라 침투율과 유출량이 다른 현상을 관측하여 수치실험 결과와 비교·검증하였다.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2010

Phytoliths, silica microfossil that produced within and between cells and tissues of plants are especially yielded in Gramineae with many different forms and can attribute to the reconstruction of climatic and environmental changes and agriculture activity of the Quaternary. The phytoliths in soil can remain for long periods of time, because of strong resistance to physical and chemical weathering. The spatial range of study is too small due to deposition of phytoliths directly to the soil. There are difficulties of phytoliths identification because of multiplicity and redundancy, so far uniform and exact classification scheme has not been adopted. Therefore we attempted phytolith classification system applied to Korea. The paleoenvironmental reconstruction research using phytholith are applicated in many parts of studies. Also high-resolution paleoclimatic reconstruction expected to be possible using phytolith indices of Iph and Ic as well as climatic indicator of phytolith morphology.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.13-23
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• 2007

Weathered soils appear from the rock and its weathering result. In accordance with the degree of weathering the roch may become soft rock, weathered rock and residual soil. In general, classification method for determining the degree of weathering are performed by chemical method and N-value. But these method have some problems. So, this research is to suggest an appropriate physical method to determine the degree of weathering of weathered soils. A new classification method for determining the degree of weathering is suggested, based upon the results from fall cone test. According to the proposed physical method using fall cone apparatus, the measured values of the samples from the same area show distinctive difference of weathering. For the checking, we selected two areas. As a result, the relationship between CWI and water content according to penetration is expressed as an equation in Ilsan and Incheon area. And it proved to be a good method to determine the degree of weathering.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2022

To improve the solubility of β-carotene, three types of β-carotene-loaded nanocapsules were prepared using chitosan (CS) and two cross-linkers, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and hyaluronic acid (HA), alone or in combination (CS-TPP, CS-TPP-HA, and CS-HA). The entrapment efficiency of all nanocapsules significantly increased with an increase in TPP and HA, with the efficiency ranging from 95% to 99%. The solubility of β-carotene was significantly improved by CS nanoencapsulation before and after lyophilization and during storage. CS/HA nanoencapsulation significantly improved (by 11-fold) the water solubility of β-carotene. In particular, CS/HA nanoencapsulation was the most effective in terms of not only the solubility of β-carotene, but also the redispersibility ratio. Therefore, CS/HA encapsulation could be useful for improving the solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients, such as β-carotene.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.369-369
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• 2022

기후변화에 관한 정부간 합의체 (IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 6차 보고서에서 이번 세기 중반까지 현 수준의 온실가스 배출량을 유지한다면 2021~2040년 중 1.5℃를 초과할 것이다. 이러한 기후의 변화로 인한 기온상승 영향으로 과거와는 달리 산림변화는 과거와 다르게 침엽수는 감소하고 활엽수는 증가하는 추세다. 본 연구에서는 유역 대부분이 산림으로 금강 상류의 용담댐유역 (930.2 km²)을 대상으로 SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool)을 이용하여 장기간 산림변화에 따른 수문 구성요소를 평가하였다. MOD15A2 LAI 및 임상도 자료를 10년 단위 (1980s (1980~1989), 2000s (2000~2009), 2010s (2010~2019))를 이용해 임상별 (침엽수림, 활엽수림, 혼효림) 및 산림 높이를 구축하였다. 임상별 산정된 LAI를 기초로 SWAT의 임상별 LAI 및 수문 검·보정을 통해 용담댐유역 현황을 재현하였다. 모형의 적용성 평가는 R²를 이용하였으며, 임상별 (침엽수, 활엽수, 혼효림) LAI는 0.95, 0.89, 0.90로 증발산량은 0.51, 토양수분은 0.5~0.55로 유량의 경우 0.69로 산정되었다. 산림변화에 따른 1980s는 LAI 자료가 없기에 2000s 및 2010s의 식생 높이 및 LAI를 멱함수로 회귀하여 1980s 엽면적지수를 산정하였다. 기상자료는 2010s로 고정하고 산림 성장이 물순환에 미치는 영향을 1980s 및 2010s의 수문 비교를 시공간적으로 평가할 예정이다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2024

Weather indexes such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and air pressure have been studied for diverse life-related factors: Food poisoning, discomfort, and others. In that, the Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA) has been released indexes such as 'Life industrial weather information', 'Safety weather information', and even 'picnic weather information' that shows how an weather like to enjoy picnic. Those weather-life effects also reveal on shopping preference such as an weather affects offline shopping purchase behaviors especially big-marts because they have outside leisure activity attribute However, since online shopping has not physical attribute, weather factors may not affect on same way to offline. Although previous researches have focused on psychological factors that have been utilized in marketing criteria, this research utilize KMA weather dataset that affects psychological factors. This research utilize 1,033 online survey for SEM analysis to clarify relationships between weather factors and online shopping purchase behaviors. As a result, online purchase intention is affected by temperature and humidity.

• Composites Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.68-75
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• 2024

Polypropylene (PP), a thermoplastic resin with excellent mechanical, thermal, chemical, and water resistance properties, has been attracting attention due to its economic efficiency and recyclability. However, repeated processing of thermoplastic resins can lead to property degradation, and the point at which quality degradation occurs varies depending on the processing conditions. In this study, we evaluated the performance changes of composite materials with repeated processing by blending PP resin with various additives and conducting extrusion and injection processes repeatedly. In addition, we evaluated the mechanical properties of composite materials to evaluate the effect of MFI value change during repeated processing on fiber impregnation in composite material processing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.48-59
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• 2014

This study was carried out to present raw data on managing the restored urban stream by studying the naturalized plants distributed in Gaeumjeong Stream, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The results were as follows. The numbers of naturalized plants were summarized as 45 taxa including 17 families, 36 genera, 43 species and 2 varieties. The invasive alien plants were 2 taxa including Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Lactuca sativa. The following summarizes the attributes of the naturalized plants. Most of the plants commonly originated from Europe and North America. The 5 naturalized degree that was widely distributed and had many individual was the most common. Until 1921, after the opening of 1 period was the most common in the introduced period. Section 12 had the highest NI at 41.9%, and the lowest, at 20.5%, in sections 9 and 19 were analyzed. Section 1 had the highest UI at 6.2%, whereas, the lowest, at 2.5%, was calculated in sections 19 and 20. Section 2 showed the highest DI at 16.7%. The first results of the analysis of the causes for the invasion of naturalized plants on the riverside and waterways, and physical factors and maintenance are directly affected. Second, sewage, muddy water and sediment deposits this naturalized plant caused by a chemical factor. Third, it is thought that invasive alien plants are irregular as it happens in biological factor. The proposed management plan naturalized plants, the first, disturbance caused by species management is a young object is removed immediately before flowering scape to eliminate or suppress the propagation of physical methods will be needed. Second, the fact that the national spread of native plant species and planting management does not provide space for the growth is very important. Third, agricultural land is disturbed by agricultural practices by interfering with the action of naturalized plants because the source of the river should be prohibited in agriculture. In the future, if we studied the naturalized plants distributed in restored streams located in Changwon-si, the characteristics of change in the ecosystem impact is expected to be beneficial.