• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.153-165
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• 2010

In this paper, we proposed a Proactive Application Service Engine (PASE) supporting tailor-made distributed application services based on the Distributed Object Group Framework (DOGF) efficiently managing distributed objects, in the viewpoint of distributed application, composed application on network. The PASE consists of 3 layers which are the physical layer, the middleware layer, and the application layer. With the supporting services of the PASE, the grouping service manages the data gathered from H/W devices and the object's properties for application by user's request as a group. And the security service manages the access of gathered data and the object according to user's right. The data filtering service executes the filtering function to provide application with gathered data. The statistics service analysis past data. The diagnostic service diagnoses a present condition by using the gathered data. And the prediction service predicts a future's status based on the statistics service and the diagnostic service. For verifying the executability of the PASE's services, we applied to a greenhouse automatic control application in ubiquitous agriculture field.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2021

The data mining design incorporated with big data based cloud computing system is investigated for the nuclear terrorism prevention where the conventional physical protection system (PPS) is modified. The networking of terror related bodies is modeled by simulation study for nuclear forensic incidents. It is needed for the government to detect the terrorism and any attempts to attack to innocent people without illegal tapping. Although the mathematical algorithm of the study can't give the exact result of the terror incident, the potential possibility could be obtained by the simulations. The result shows the shape oscillation by time. In addition, the integration of the frequency of each value can show the degree of the transitions of the results. The value increases to -2.61741 in 63.125th hour. So, the terror possibility is highest in later time.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.474-478
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• 2009

본 연구는 2008년 맞춤형 방문건강관리사업에 사용되고 있는 관절통증을 중심으로 한 사례관리를 수정 보안하여 우리나라 실정에 맞는 관절통증 사례관리 프로그램을 개발, 제안하며, 맞춤형 방문건강 관리사업의 활성화와 완성도를 높이는데 있다. 연구방법으로는 2007년 전국 12주 관절통증 사례관리 결과자료 분석하고, 전국 253개 보건소의 맞춤형 방문건강관리사업 인력에 대한 자료 분석과 전국 보건소 전문가 자문회의와 토론 결과를 통해 설문지를 수정 보완하여 2008년도 충청남도 관절통증 12주 사례관리를 실시하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 12.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여, p-value가 0.05 미만과 0.01미만인 경우를 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 판정하였으며, 전국자료는 빈도분석, wilcoxon 부호순위 검정과 McNemar's 검정을 실시하였으며, 12주의 관절통증 사례관리의 연구기간동안 수집된 자료를 1주와 8주간, 1주와 12주간, 8주와 12주간을 paired t-test 검정과 McNemar's 검정을 실시하여 유의성 평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 12주 기간 동안 사전 사례관리 방문간호사의 교육을 통한 사례관리 서비스의 강도의 조절 및 매주로 서비스의 횟수를 조절하여 사례관리를 실시한 결과 총 109개 항목에서 1주와 8주간에 유의한 항목은 TG(mg/dl)를 비롯한 51개 항목, 1주와 12주간에는 콜레스테롤(mg/dl)을 비롯한 53개 항목, 8주와 12주간에는 지난 48시간동안 관절통증 점수를 비롯한 3개 항목으로 유의한 차이를 볼 수 있었으며, 1주와 8주간은 유의하나 1주와 12주간은 유의하지 않게 나타나는 항목은 TG(mg/dl)를 비롯한 3개 항목, 1주와 8주간은 유의하지 않다가 1주와 12주간은 유의하게 나타나는 항목은 콜레스테롤(mg/dl)를 비롯한 6개 항목, 1주, 8주, 12주간의 모든 기간에서 유의한 항목은 지난 48 시간동안 관절통증 점수를 비롯한 3개 항목으로 조사되었다. 결론적으로 현재 우리나라에서 추진되고 있는 맞춤형 방문건강관리 사업의 사업지침에 대한 보완을 위해 관절통증사례관리 프로그램에 있어 중재 서비스 또는 프로그램의 기간은 12주간에서 8주간으로 조정 되어야 하며, 추가가 필요한 항목으로는 교육, 자기역량 강화, 운동처방, 물리치료, 약물치료, 대체요법, 식이, 영양, 생활지도 등이며, 어골도 분석을 위한 기본 틀 및 주요 구성요소를 제시 및 기여 요인 및 결정요인을 위한 논리적 모형 제시가 필요하며, 개선목표를 위한 유지증진 및 관리능력, 지기 관리 수행도 개선과 대상자별 맞춤형 사례관리를 위한 표준화된 행동 체크리스트 제작 보급 및 사례별 운동, 물리치료 지도 방법 계획 수립에 대한 인력 충원이 필요하다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2013

In recent years, with the development of devices to collect multimedia data such as small CMOS camera sensor and micro phone, studies on wireless multimedia sensor network technologies and their applications that extend the existing wireless sensor network technologies have been actively done. In such applications, various basic schemes such as the processing, storage, and transmission of multimedia data are required. Especially, a security for real world environments is essential. In this paper, in order to defend the sniffing attack in various hacking techniques, we propose a multipath routing scheme for physically avoiding the data transmission path from the risk factors. Our proposed scheme establishes the DEFCON of the sensor nodes that are geographically close to risk factors and the priorities according to the importance of the data. Our proposed scheme performs risk factor detour multipath routing through a safe path considering the DEFCON and data priority. Our experimental results show that although our proposed scheme takes the transmission delay time by about 5% over the existing scheme, it reduces the eavesdropping rate that can attack and intercept data by the risk factor by about 18%.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.11C no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2004

All active nudes which have no physically direct connection with each other in If network must be able to compose and manage network topology Informations. Besides one active program can be performed by the active nodes when every active packet for this program is transmitted without any loss of packets. Also the active packets should be transmitted effectively to minimize the transmission delay and securely from threatens. In this thesis, the discovery scheme of active nodes is adapted for active nodes in IP networks to compose and manage the topology information. The scheme for the efficient, reliable and secure transmission of active packets is also proposed. The sequence number is assigned to every active packet. If a receiver detects the loss of active packet checking the sequence number, the receiver requests the retransmission of the lost packet to the previous active node. kiter receiving an active packet and adapting security and reliability schemes, intermediate active nodes not only copy and send the Packet Instantly but also apply some suity mechanisms to it. And the active packet transmission engine is proposed to provide these transmission schemes The simulation of the adapted active node discovery scheme and the proposed active packet transmission engine is performed. The simulation results show that the adapted active node discovery scheme is efficient and the proposed active engine has the low latency and the high performance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.153-166
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• 2011

Recent trends in mobile device market whose services are rapidly expanding to provide wireless internet access are drawing people's attention to mobile security. Especially, since threats to information leakage are reaching to the critical level due to the frequent interchange of important data such as personal and financial information through wireless internet, various encryption algorithms has been developed to protect them. The encryption algorithms confront the serious threats by the appearance of side channel attack (SCA) which uses the physical leakage information such as timing, and power consumption, though the their robustness to threats is theoretically verified. Against the threats of SCA, researches including the performance and development direction of SCA should precede. Among tile SCA methods, the power analysis (PA) attack overcome this misalignment problem. The conventional methods require large computational power and they do not effectively deal with the delay changes in a power trace. To overcome the limitation of the conventional methods, we proposed a novel alignment method using peak matching. By computer simulations, we show the advantages of the proposed method compared to the conventional alignment methods.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.115-127
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• 2021

With the development of science and technology around the world, the realm of cyberspace, following land, sea, air, and space, is also recognized as a battlefield area. Accordingly, it is necessary to design and establish various elements such as definitions, systems, procedures, and plans for not only physical operations in land, sea, air, and space but also cyber operations in cyberspace. In this research, the importance of cyber targets that can be considered when prioritizing the list of cyber targets selected through intermediate target development in the target development and prioritization stage of targeting processing of cyber operations was selected as a factor to be considered. We propose a method to calculate the score for the cyber target and use it as a part of the cyber target prioritization score. Accordingly, in the cyber target prioritization process, the cyber target importance category is set, and the cyber target importance concept and reference item are derived. We propose a TIR (Target Importance Rank) algorithm that synthesizes parameters such as Event Prioritization Framework based on PageRank algorithm for score calculation and synthesis for each derived standard item. And, by constructing the Stuxnet case-based network topology and scenario data, a cyber target importance score is derived with the proposed algorithm, and the cyber target is prioritized to verify the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.145-148
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• 2023

Open-loop Octonion space-time block code for 4 transmit antenna system is considered and random phases are applied to 4 transmit antennas for physical layer security. When an illegal hacker estimates the random phases of 1 through 4 transmit antennas with maximum likelihood (ML), this letter analyzes the bit error rate (BER) performances versus signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). And the Octonion code in the literature[1] does not have full orthogonality so, this letter employs the perfect orthogonal Octonion code. When the hacker knows that the random phases are 2-PSK constellations and he should estimate all the 4 random phases, the hacking is impossible until 100dB. When the hacker possibly know that some of the random phases, bit error rate goes down to 10^-3 so, the transmit message could be hacked.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.482-482
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• 2010

하수처리장에서 발생하는 유기성 슬러지는 대부분 해양투기에 의해 처분되고 나머지는 매립, 소각, 퇴비화 등으로 처분된다. 그러나 런던협약 '96 의정서' 발효에 의해 2012년부터 해양투기가 금지되고, 매립장 및 소각장의 신규건설은 님비(NIMBY) 현상에 의해 제한받기 때문에 효과적인 슬러지 처분 및 가용화 방법이 요구되고 있다. 현재 초음파[1]나 열처리[2], 오존[3,4], 미생물 처리[5,6] 등 물리, 화학, 생물학적 처리방안이 연구되고 있으나 이러한 방법들은 에너지 과소비, 2차 오염물질 발생에 따른 처리비용 증가 등의 단점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 연구 방법을 보안하고자 전기분해를 활용하여 슬러지 가용화를 시도함으로써 슬러지 발생을 저감시킬 수 있는 방법을 연구하였다. 본 실험에서는 전기분해를 위해 제작된 불용성 전극은 Titanium에 Iridium을 코팅하여 제작하였고, 최대 20V까지 전압을 고정시키고 시간에 따라 변화되는 전류와 전기전도도, pH 값을 관찰하였다. 실험에 사용된 활성슬러지는 3개월간 합성폐수로 순응화 시킨 후에 시료로 사용하였다. 전기분해에 의해 처리된 활성슬러지의 여액을 분석한 결과 SCOD, TN, TP 농도가 각각 510%, 9%, 106% 증가하였다. 이는 전기분해에 의해 미생물의 세포벽이 파괴되어 세포 내 물질들이 세포 외부로 용출되어 미생물들의 이용이 가능한 상태로 되었음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 국내 하 폐수의 낮은 C/N비 때문에 무산소조에 메탄올 같은 외부 탄소원을 공급하는 대신에 별도의 탄소원 공급 없이 가용화 된 슬러지를 반송시킴으로써 슬러지 저감에 따른 폐기 비용과 운전비용의 절감을 기대할 수 있어, 근본적인 슬러지 발생을 저감시킬 수 있는 해결책이라 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2015

Recently, the environment of a hospital information system is a trend to combine various SMART technologies. Accordingly, various smart devices, such as a smart phone, Tablet PC is utilized in the medical information system. Also, these environments consist of various applications executing on heterogeneous sensors, devices, systems and networks. In these hospital information system environment, applying a security service by traditional access control method cause a problems. Most of the existing security system uses the access control list structure. It is only permitted access defined by an access control matrix such as client name, service object method name. The major problem with the static approach cannot quickly adapt to changed situations. Hence, we needs to new security mechanisms which provides more flexible and can be easily adapted to various environments with very different security requirements. In addition, for addressing the changing of service medical treatment of the patient, the researching is needed. In this paper, we suggest a dynamic approach to medical information systems in smart mobile environments. We focus on how to access medical information systems according to dynamic access control methods based on the existence of the hospital's information system environments. The physical environments consist of a mobile x-ray imaging devices, dedicated mobile/general smart devices, PACS, EMR server and authorization server. The software environment was developed based on the .Net Framework for synchronization and monitoring services based on mobile X-ray imaging equipment Windows7 OS. And dedicated a smart device application, we implemented a dynamic access services through JSP and Java SDK is based on the Android OS. PACS and mobile X-ray image devices in hospital, medical information between the dedicated smart devices are based on the DICOM medical image standard information. In addition, EMR information is based on H7. In order to providing dynamic access control service, we classify the context of the patients according to conditions of bio-information such as oxygen saturation, heart rate, BP and body temperature etc. It shows event trace diagrams which divided into two parts like general situation, emergency situation. And, we designed the dynamic approach of the medical care information by authentication method. The authentication Information are contained ID/PWD, the roles, position and working hours, emergency certification codes for emergency patients. General situations of dynamic access control method may have access to medical information by the value of the authentication information. In the case of an emergency, was to have access to medical information by an emergency code, without the authentication information. And, we constructed the medical information integration database scheme that is consist medical information, patient, medical staff and medical image information according to medical information standards.y Finally, we show the usefulness of the dynamic access application service based on the smart devices for execution results of the proposed system according to patient contexts such as general and emergency situation. Especially, the proposed systems are providing effective medical information services with smart devices in emergency situation by dynamic access control methods. As results, we expect the proposed systems to be useful for u-hospital information systems and services.