• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.96-131
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• 2015

Hanji(Korean traditional paper) is a valuable cultural heritage highly praised, even to this date, for its importance and technology by craftsmanship of our ancestors; it is a product of a combination of craftsmanship, well-established technologies, natural paper mulberry fiber and eco-friendly and durable natural materials and mucilages. Origin of the word 'Hanji(Korean traditional paper)' is from handmade paper made of bast part of the paper mulberry; as paper manufacturing with paper machines introduced in Japan was adopted in late Joseon, paper produced previously was called 'Hanji' and paper produced with western machines was called 'Yangji(machine made paper)'. Hanji has been called by many different names and used in various ways according to materials and production methods; and the functions varied. Hanji, from the era of three states to Joseon era, has been praised for its unique and excellent quality in three Asian countries(Korea, China and Japan); its unique excellence continues to this date in many paper-related national cultural heritages. Also total of 11 cases are registered to UNESCO Memory of the World for its importance, 8 of which are associated with traditional Korean paper: Hunminjeongeum, the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, Jikjisimcheyojeol, Seungjeongwon Ilgi, the Royal Protocols of the Joseon Dynasty, Donguibogam, Ilseongnok and A War Diary. To examine excellent characteristics of conservation science in Hanji, many studies have been developed. By developing analysis and manufacturing technologies, the excellence of our Hanji should be re-verified scientifically and the tradition should continue as one of the representative Korean cultural heritages.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.129-163
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• 2017

This study investigated the administrative history, from the introduction of the "Standard of Government Function Classification" (BRM) to its development and application. Through the results of the survey, the causes of the problems observed in the current government's functional classification system were revealed. The current survey examined the functional classification scheme of the central government and local governments on the "cultural heritage" policy area (9 major functions, 59 middle functions, 297 small functions, and 1,287 unit tasks). It confirmed the problem of the separation of functions between central and local governments as well as other problems. Among the problems, this study proposed an improvement model through four representative cases such as the "designation of cultural heritage." In order to reorganize the "Standard of Government Function Classification," it is necessary to design a business function with the reproduction of tasks, establish a system for management and operation in order to maintain the consistency of the business function, educate users, and suggest continuous improvement.

• 공원문화
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• s.33
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• pp.42-44
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• 1986

북한의 관광자원현황 및 개발실태를 국토통일원 자료 (전 영규 조사연구실보좌관연구집필)에 의해 소개해 본다. 북한은 1954년부터 1978년 사이에 평양의 대동문을 비롯한 18개의 주요문화재를 복원한 것으로 기록되고 있으며, 이번 호에는 문화재현황중 50개의 국보급과 53개의 보물급 그리고 지정번호 40호까지의 천연기념물의 현황을 담는다.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.136-153
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• 2021

The restitution of cultural heritage located abroad has been going on for 107 years, starting with the return of the Jigwangguksa Tower to Beopcheonsaji Temple in Wonju after it was taken during the Japanese occupation in 1915. The Overseas Cultural Heritage Foundation, established in 2012, has laid the foundation for retrieval, preservation, restoration, and exchange of cultural heritage through research cooperation and the purchasing of cultural heritage items. The pace of the collection of cultural heritage objects and the locating of others has increased every year since its establishment, and the number of returned, rather than recovered, cultural heritage items has also increased. The present study aimed to complete a value inquiry of the cultural relics of Waryongmae (臥龍梅) and a restitution of cultural heritage as the main focuses. The process of recovering relics from Waryongmae has been recorded in the book The Cultural Property Returned into Our Arms, published by the above-mentioned foundation. This record was revised and supplemented to try and raise its cultural value by adding elaborate storytelling to the process of recovering the Waryongmae that grew in the courtyard of Changdeokgung Palace. The cultural value of Waryongmae is that it is unique. The Waryongmae is the first living cultural heritage, and therefore has cultural value due to its uniqueness. Second, the Waryongmae has unique cultural value due to its restitution and return to Korea twice, once in 1992, and another time in 1999. The first restitution was special in that it was featured by the Japanese media, and the second was special in that it was intensively reported by the Korean media. Third, 42 Waryongmae cultural content types were explored, including nineteen visual contents, eleven interactive contents, and twelve skate contents.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.25
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• pp.85-94
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• 2021

Conservation treatment of metallic artifacts contaminated with corrosion and foreign substances requires changes in the shape, characteristics, weight and thickness of the artifacts. Thus far, recording the changes after conservation treatment has mainly been performed through visual observation and photography, which lacks any quantitative description of the changes. In this study, the processes of removing foreign substances, joining cracks, and restoring an affected area were recorded using 3D scanning and then quantitatively analyzed to identify changes in form due to conservation treatment. The volume change after the conservation process was calculated based on the results of the 3D scanning, and numerical data on the changes to the form was analyzed. It was revealed that the foreign or corroded substances removed after the conservation accounted for 18.1 cm³, which is approximately 52% of the total volume of the ring pommel, and those substances were removed from about 98% of the surface of the ring pommel. This study confirmed that 3D form analysis was useful for recording the processes of conservation treatment and analyzing the results. It is therefore believed that this methodology can be applicable to not only metal artifacts, but to cultural heritage items in a range of materials.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.219-228
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• 2003

Nowadays, the progress of high technology in modern society provides humankind with the opportunity to obtain diverse information easily and quickly. Among those rapidly progressing fields of high technology, digital media field has the ability to substitute for the multimedia information society by being applied to many related fields and daily life. Specifically, the concern and enthusiasm for the restoration of cultural property has risen. So, effective methods are required to decide on the preservation, restoration and academic value of cultural property. Among these, image processing technology using computers has been introduced. The restoration of cultural property using this technique has been studied vigorously in many advanced countries because this would allow us to restore damaged parts without destroying the original asset. However, in Korea, though we have numerous examples of cultural property with recorded history, research related to the items has scarcely been conducted. Accordingly, this study focuses on the investigation of virtual reality and the techniques applicable to restoring cultural property in addition to suggesting the significance and possibility of digitally restoring cultural property following the introduction of applicable examples both domestically and abroad.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.01a
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• pp.325-326
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• 2023

본 논문은 2차원적인 이미지를 모델링 하여, 대한민국의 보물 제750호이자 오래된 거돈사지 삼층석탑의 복원과 구현을 위한 연구이다. 기존 2D 이미지를 벗어나 문화재의 특성상 3D 형태의 복원이 적합하여 연구를 진행하였다. 문화재 복원은 자료와 전문가의 기술 및 역사적인 기록물 자료에 의존해 복구한다. 최근 인공지능 및 기술의 발달로 문화재 정보를 바탕으로 한 3차원 기술을 사용하여 다양한 데이터들과 프로그램을 이용한 모델링이 가능하다. 본 연구는 거돈사지 삼층석탑의 복원이 실제적이고도 구체적인 다각도의 방향에서 더 정밀하고 정확하게 도출하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.519-532
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• 2020

This study aimed to interpret the coloring materials recorded in the ceremonial writing with the scientific investigation results of the Hanging Painting of the Chiljangsa Temple (Five Buddhas). The results confirm that the Jinboon, Joohong, Hwangdan, Hwanggeum and Seokjahwang are clearly connected to lead white, cinnabar, minium, gold, and orpiment, respectively. Danghayeop and samrok are related to Copper trihydroxychloride, while Daecheong and Joongcheong are azurite, and they seems to be classified by the particle size. Yeonji and Chunghwa are organic dyes in red and blue, respectively, with blue confirming the existence of the side, but Yeonji differs from the names of the ancient texts and Chinese characters; it is unclear whether it is a commonly used Yeonji because of differences in the names of the ancient texts. The presence of Sootohwang has not been confirmed in the gwaebultaeng, but it can be extracted from the soil as a yellow-colored material but the possibility of Deunghwang cannot be ruled out.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.38
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• pp.359-385
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• 2005

Red ocher, red lead or cinnabar has been as red colorant for ages. Cinnabar of the red pigments has been highly regarded as a valuable ingredient because it represent a symbol of exorcising and a haute image. It was used as a pigment of painting and mural painting, bowl, clothes, rock writing, gravestone, etc. It is powder which dissolves in perilla oil or glue before using. Because it is high-priced, the use of cinnabar may be limited to the privileged class. Therefore, red ocher or red lead was used instead of cinnabar. "Gongsagyunmunrok" demonstrated that government official's gravestonea has been painted red by two colorants in the period of the Goryeo dynasty. However, cinnabar may be used to paint gravestones for the first time in the period of the Three States because it has been transmitted since the times. This study discuss the results obtained from an analysis of the pigments used on the red pigments of the Stone Monuments. The results can be briefly summarized as below; First, the microcrystalline structures seen on the surface section of analyzed pigments, samples of which were taken from various parts of red pigments show that different sizes and shapes of pigment particle. Second, a result of the analysis on the composition and structure of the pigments shows that the main components in their composition are : Red pigments - Red lead($Pb_3O_4$), Cinnabar(HgS) and Hematite($Fe_2O_3$) White pigments - Calcite($CaCO_3$) Especially, we knew that red Stone Monuments were found to be natural mineral pigments, which were used as a singular or a mixture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.419-421
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• 2013

이 글은 등대문화유산 분류체계와 DB구축 방안에 관한 기존의 법령과 제도를 기반으로 기존의 국립등대박물관의 등대문화유산 분류체계에 문화재관리 및 박물관수장품관리와 연계성을 보완하고, 등대문화유산 DB구축에 문화재기록관리 및 박물관정보관리 체계의 호환성을 제고할 수 있도록 유형별 범주와 기능별 용도에 따라 효율적으로 체계적으로 관리할 수 있도록 실무방안을 제시하고자 한다.