• Title/Summary/Keyword: 무작위성

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그람 양성균 감염증에서 Vancomycin 과 Teicoplanin 의 임상효과의 비교 연구

  • 최강원;오명돈;배현주
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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    • 1994.04a
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    • pp.331-331
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    • 1994
  • 최근 개발된 Teicoplanin은 glycopeptide계의 항생제로서 vancomycin과 그 작용 기전이 비슷하지만, 근육 주사가 가능하고, 반감기가 길어서 하루 한번 주사하여도 되며, 빨리 주입하더라도 red man syndrome이생기지 않는 장점이 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 그람 양성균에 의한 감염증을 치료하는데 teicoplanin이 효과적이고 안전한지를 vancomycin과 비교하는 것이다. 대상 환자 및 방법: 서울대학교병원에 입원하여 그람 양성균 감염증이 확인되거나 강력히 의심되는 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 감염증의 종류는 패혈증, 골수염, 하기도 감염증, 감염성 관절염, 피부 및 연조직 감염증, 요로 감염증으로 하였다. 대상 환자를 무작위로 teicoplanin또는 vancomycin군에 무작위 배정하였다. Teinoplanin은 처음에 loading을 위하여 400mg씩 12시간마다 3회 주사하고 이후에는 증증 감염이면 하루에 400mg, 중등중이면 200mg씩을 주사하였다. Vancomycin은 500mg을 6시간마다 또는 1. 0g을 12시간마다 정맥주사하였다. 치료 기간은 요로 감염증 5-10일, 하기도 감염증 5-10일, 패혈증 14-21일, 골수염 21-42일, 세균성 관절염 21-42일, 피부 및 연조직 감염증 5-10일로 하였다.

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A Rotary-type Virtual Keyboard System for Keylogging Prevention (키로깅 방지를 위한 회전형 가상키보드 시스템)

  • Baik, Geum Ok;Lim, Cheol Ho;Shon, Jin Gon
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2010.04a
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    • pp.774-777
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    • 2010
  • 키로깅(Keylogging) 방지를 위한 입력방식은 무작위로 배열된 숫자나 문자를 마우스로 선택하는 가상 키보드가 주로 사용되고 있다. 그런데 무작위로 배열된 숫자나 문자는 순차적인 배열에 비해 가시성이 떨어지므로 사용자의 입력시간이 지연되어 사용하기 불편하다는 단점이 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 숫자나 문자를 순차적으로 배열하여 사용자가 쉽게 인식할 수 있는 시각적 추상화 방법을 기반으로 하는 회전형 가상키보드 시스템(Rotary-type Virtual Keyboard System; R-VKS)을 제안한다. 제안하는 R-VKS는 기술적 측면에서 키로깅이나 마우스 커서 위치추적 등의 악성코드로부터 안전한 특성을 갖고, 공간 지각적 측면에서 사용자의 가시성을 높여 입력시간을 단축하는 효과가 있다.

A Study on Improvement of Buffer Cache Performance for File I/O in Deep Learning (딥러닝의 파일 입출력을 위한 버퍼캐시 성능 개선 연구)

  • Jeongha Lee;Hyokyung Bahn
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 2024
  • With the rapid advance in AI (artificial intelligence) and high-performance computing technologies, deep learning is being used in various fields. Deep learning proceeds training by randomly reading a large amount of data and repeats this process. A large number of files are randomly repeatedly referenced during deep learning, which shows different access characteristics from traditional workloads with temporal locality. In order to cope with the difficulty in caching caused by deep learning, we propose a new sampling method that aims at reducing the randomness of dataset reading and adaptively operating on existing buffer cache algorithms. We show that the proposed policy reduces the miss rate of the buffer cache by 16% on average and up to 33% compared to the existing method, and improves the execution time by up to 24%.

An Analysis of Characteristic for Hydrometeorologic Parameters Considering Climate Changes in Geum River Basin (기후변화를 고려한 금강유역 수문기상인자의 특성 분석)

  • Ahn, So-Ra;Park, Jin-Hyeog;Chae, Hyo-Seok;Hwang, Eui-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2010.05a
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    • pp.1555-1559
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구는 미래 물 관리를 위한 기후변화 대응방안 도출 연구의 사전연구로서 금강유역의 과거 기상 수문요소의 특성변화 분석을 수행하였다. 기상자료로 금강유역 기상관측소 8개소의 37개년(1973~2009)의 기온, 강수량, 상대습도 자료를 수집하였다. 하천수위자료는 수위자료와 수위-유량관계곡선의 신뢰성 문제, 이후 수행될 장기유출분석을 고려하여 최종적으로 공주, 규암 수위관측소의 36개년(1973~2008)의 자료를 이용하였고, 지하수위자료는 강우관측소와 근접하게 위치해 있으면서 과거 자료를 최대한 많이 보유하고 있는 6개 관측소의 10개년(1999~2008)의 자료를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료의 평균, 표준편차, 왜곡도, 변동계수를 산출하여 연 계절별로 수문기상인자의 경년변화를 파악한 결과 기상인자 중 강수량의 변동성이 가장 크게 나타나 경년별 변화가 큰 것으로 분석되었고 하천수위보다는 지하수위가 경년별 변동이 적은 것으로 분석되었다. 수문학적 지속성 분석을 위해 Run 검정, Turning Point 검정, Anderson Exact검정을 이용하여 시계열자료에 주기성이 있는지 분석한 결과 기온과 강수는 무작위성, 상대습도, 하천수위는 지속성을 가지는 인자로 분석되었고 지하수위는 관측소별, 기간별로 무작위성과 지속성이 혼재되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 경향성 분석을 위해 단순 선형 회귀분석과 Mann-Kendall 검정을 이용하였다. 그 결과 기온은 연 계절 모두 증가경향이 나타났고, 강수량은 여름에만 증가경향이 나타났으며, 상대습도는 뚜렷한 감소경향을 보였다. 또한 하천수위는 감소경향이 나타났으며 지하수위는 유의수준 범위에서 경향성은 보이지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 기후변화로 인해 발생될 수 있는 수자원의 영향을 평가하고 미래 물 관리 적응기술 개발 및 계획 수립을 위한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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Randomness based Static Wear-Leveling for Enhancing Reliability in Large-scale Flash-based Storage (대용량 플래시 저장장치에서 신뢰성 향상을 위한 무작위 기반 정적 마모 평준화 기법)

  • Choi, Kilmo;Kim, Sewoog;Choi, Jongmoo
    • KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.126-131
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    • 2015
  • As flash-based storage systems have been actively employed in large-scale servers and data centers, reliability has become an indispensable element. One promising technique for enhancing reliability is static wear-leveling, which distributes erase operations evenly among blocks so that the lifespan of storage systems can be prolonged. However, increasing the capacity makes the processing overhead of this technique non-trivial, mainly due to searching for blocks whose erase count would be minimum (or maximum) among all blocks. To reduce this overhead, we introduce a new randomized block selection method in static wear-leveling. Specifically, without exhaustive search, it chooses n blocks randomly and selects the maximal/minimal erased blocks among the chosen set. Our experimental results revealed that, when n is 2, the wear-leveling effects can be obtained, while for n beyond 4, the effect is close to that obtained from traditional static wear-leveling. For quantitative evaluation of the processing overhead, the scheme was actually implemented on an FPGA board, and overhead reduction of more than 3 times was observed. This implies that the proposed scheme performs as effectively as the traditional static wear-leveling while reducing overhead.

Predicting stock movements based on financial news with systematic group identification (시스템적인 군집 확인과 뉴스를 이용한 주가 예측)

  • Seong, NohYoon;Nam, Kihwan
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2019
  • Because stock price forecasting is an important issue both academically and practically, research in stock price prediction has been actively conducted. The stock price forecasting research is classified into using structured data and using unstructured data. With structured data such as historical stock price and financial statements, past studies usually used technical analysis approach and fundamental analysis. In the big data era, the amount of information has rapidly increased, and the artificial intelligence methodology that can find meaning by quantifying string information, which is an unstructured data that takes up a large amount of information, has developed rapidly. With these developments, many attempts with unstructured data are being made to predict stock prices through online news by applying text mining to stock price forecasts. The stock price prediction methodology adopted in many papers is to forecast stock prices with the news of the target companies to be forecasted. However, according to previous research, not only news of a target company affects its stock price, but news of companies that are related to the company can also affect the stock price. However, finding a highly relevant company is not easy because of the market-wide impact and random signs. Thus, existing studies have found highly relevant companies based primarily on pre-determined international industry classification standards. However, according to recent research, global industry classification standard has different homogeneity within the sectors, and it leads to a limitation that forecasting stock prices by taking them all together without considering only relevant companies can adversely affect predictive performance. To overcome the limitation, we first used random matrix theory with text mining for stock prediction. Wherever the dimension of data is large, the classical limit theorems are no longer suitable, because the statistical efficiency will be reduced. Therefore, a simple correlation analysis in the financial market does not mean the true correlation. To solve the issue, we adopt random matrix theory, which is mainly used in econophysics, to remove market-wide effects and random signals and find a true correlation between companies. With the true correlation, we perform cluster analysis to find relevant companies. Also, based on the clustering analysis, we used multiple kernel learning algorithm, which is an ensemble of support vector machine to incorporate the effects of the target firm and its relevant firms simultaneously. Each kernel was assigned to predict stock prices with features of financial news of the target firm and its relevant firms. The results of this study are as follows. The results of this paper are as follows. (1) Following the existing research flow, we confirmed that it is an effective way to forecast stock prices using news from relevant companies. (2) When looking for a relevant company, looking for it in the wrong way can lower AI prediction performance. (3) The proposed approach with random matrix theory shows better performance than previous studies if cluster analysis is performed based on the true correlation by removing market-wide effects and random signals. The contribution of this study is as follows. First, this study shows that random matrix theory, which is used mainly in economic physics, can be combined with artificial intelligence to produce good methodologies. This suggests that it is important not only to develop AI algorithms but also to adopt physics theory. This extends the existing research that presented the methodology by integrating artificial intelligence with complex system theory through transfer entropy. Second, this study stressed that finding the right companies in the stock market is an important issue. This suggests that it is not only important to study artificial intelligence algorithms, but how to theoretically adjust the input values. Third, we confirmed that firms classified as Global Industrial Classification Standard (GICS) might have low relevance and suggested it is necessary to theoretically define the relevance rather than simply finding it in the GICS.

Probabilistic Distribution and Variability of Geotechnical Properties with Randomness Characteristic (무작위성을 보이는 지반정수의 확률분포 및 변동성)

  • Kim, Dong-Hee;Lee, Ju-Hyoung;Lee, Woo-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.25 no.11
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    • pp.87-103
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    • 2009
  • To determine the reliable probabilistic distribution model of geotechnical properties, outlier and randomness test for analysis data, parameter estimation of probabilistic distribution model, and goodness-of-fit test for model parameter and probabilistic distribution model have to be performed in sequence. In this paper, the probabilistic distribution model's geotechnical properties of Songdo area in Incheon are estimated by the above proposed procedure. Also, the coefficient of variation (COV) representing the variability of geotechnical properties is determined for several geotechnical properties. Reliable probabilistic distribution model and COV of geotechnical properties can be used for probability-based design procedure and reasonable choice of design value in deterministic design method.

Sensor Grid-based Localization using the Routing Protocol (라우팅 프로토콜을 이용한 센서 그리드 기반의 위치인식)

  • Ahn, Tae-Won;Joe, In-Whee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.406-408
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    • 2005
  • 센서 네트워크는 노드들이 무작위로 배치되며 노드들은 능동적으로 주변상황에 대응하여 정보를 전달해야 한다. 능동적인 정보 전달을 위해서는 신뢰성 있은 위치 정보와 데이터의 전송이 중요하며 기존의 에드혹 네트워크는 위치 인식 기능, 능동적인 주변 상황에 대응한 정보 전됨 기능을 지원하지 않는다. 기존의 라우팅 프로토콜에서는 링크 품질을 평가하기 위해 프레임 손실률을 기준으로 사용하나 정확도가 떨어지기 때문에 본 논문에서는 RSSI를 측정하여 링크품질 평가에 대한 정확도를 높이고, 또한 그리드 형태로 배치된 센서노드를 기반으로 무작위로 배치된 이동 노드들의 위치 인식이 가능하도록 제안한다.

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A Study of Practical and Optimized Mineral Quantification (실용적이고 최적화된 광물정량분석법 연구)

  • Son, Byeong-Kook;An, Gi-O
    • Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.227-239
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    • 2021
  • A practical and effective method of X-ray powder diffraction analysis was investigated for quantitative analysis of the mineral content of natural samples. Sample mounting experiments were conducted to select the best randomly oriented powder sample mount. A comparative experiment was also made between a reference intensity ratio (RIR) method, which compares a single peak intensity with standard material, and the Rietveld method, which calculates a full X-ray diffraction pattern, to search for the effective method of mineral quantification. In addition, samples containing amorphous minerals were quantitatively analyzed by the Rietveld method and the efficiency was reviewed. As a result of the study, the optimal random orientation could be reached by the side mounting method. The Rietveld method using the full pattern of X-ray diffraction was more suitable for mineral quantitative analysis, rather than the RIR method using a specific peak. However, either method could depend on the analyst's experience in addition to analytical technique. Moreover, amorphous minerals can be quantitatively analyzed by the Rietveld method, and the analysis results make the geological analysis possible.

Randomness Based Fuzzing Test Case Evaluation for Vulnerability Analysis of Industrial Control System (산업제어시스템 취약성 분석을 위한 무작위성 기반 퍼징 테스트 케이스 평가 기법)

  • Kim, SungJin;Shon, Taeshik
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.179-186
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    • 2018
  • The number of devices connect to the internet is rapidly increasing with the advent of the IoT(Internet of Things). The IoT has improved the convenience of life. However, it makes security issues such as privacy violations. Therefore cybersecurity is the most important issue to be discussed nowadays. Especially, various protocols are used for same purpose due to rapidly increase of IoT market. To deal with this security threat noble vulnerability analysis is needed. In this paper, we contribute to the IoT security by proposing a new randomness-based test case evaluation methodology using variance and entropy. The test case evaluation method proposed in this paper can evaluate the test cases at a high speed regardless of the test set size, unlike the traditional technique.