• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.367-418
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• 2018

Just as safety is the most important thing in aviation, safety is the most important in the operation of unmanned aircraft (RPA), and safety operation is the most important in the legal responsibility of the operator of the unmanned aircraft. In this thesis, the legal responsibility of the operator of the unmanned aircraft, focusing on the responsibility of the operator of the unmanned aircraft, was discussed in depth with the issue of insurance, which compensates for damages in the event of an accident First of all, the legal responsibility of the operator of the unmanned aircraft was reviewed for the most basic : definition, scope and qualification of the operator of the unmanned aircraft, and the liability of the operator of the Convention On International Civil Aviation, the ICAO Annex, the RPAS Manual, the Rome Convention, other major international treaties and Domestic law such as the Aviation Safety Act. The ICAO requires that unmanned aircraft be operated in such a manner as to minimize hazards to persons, property or other aircraft as a major principle of the operation of unmanned aircraft, which is ultimately equivalent to manned aircraft Considering that most accidents involving unmanned aircrafts fall to the ground, causing damage to third parties' lives or property, this thesis focused on the responsibility of operators under the international treaty, and the responsibility of third parties for air transport by Domestic Commercial Act, as well as the liability for compensation. In relation to the Rome Convention, the Rome Convention 1952 detailed the responsibilities of the operator. Although it has yet to come into effect regarding liability, some EU countries are following the limit of responsibility under the Rome Convention 2009. Korea has yet to sign any Rome Convention, but Commercial Act Part VI Carriage by Air is modeled on the Rome Convention 1978 in terms of compensation. This thesis also looked at security-related responsibilities and the responsibility for privacy infringement. which are most problematic due to the legal responsibilities of operating unmanned aircraft. Concerning insurance, this thesis looked at the trends of mandatory aviation insurance coverage around the world and the corresponding regulatory status of major countries to see the applicability of unmanned aircraft. It also looked at the current clauses of the Domestic Aviation Business Act that make insurance mandatory, and the ultra-light flight equipment insurance policy and problems. In sum, the operator of an unmanned aircraft will be legally responsible for operating the unmanned aircraft safely so that it does not pose a risk to people, property or other aircraft, and there will be adequate compensation in the event of an accident, and legal systems such as insurance systems should be prepared to do so.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2020

Due to the lack of a system that can detect/identify and strike North Korea's small unmanned aerial vehicles, no immediate response was made. In order to solve the problem of response, we should prepare for threats by developing weapons systems that can be immediately hit when identifying small-sized unmanned aerial vehicle detection radar and creating specialized research organizations for research and development of equipment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.221-224
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 엣지 컴퓨팅을 무인 마켓에 도입하여 엣지 컴퓨팅의 효율성을 확인하고, 로컬 네트워크의 효율적인 대역폭 할당을 위한 두 가지 방법을 제안한다. 무인 마켓과 같이 엄청난 양의 데이터를 필요로 하고 만들어내는 서비스에서는 데이터들을 클라우드로 전송하여 소비자가 불편함을 느끼지 못하도록 빠르게 처리하는 것은 불가능에 가깝다. 그래서 우리는 Amazon Go 를 벤치마킹한 무인 마켓에 엣지 컴퓨팅을 도입하여 이를 구현한다. 그리고 구현한 시스템에서 엣지 컴퓨팅 외에 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 모바일 장치를 적용하여 처리할 때의 응답 시간을 분석하여 엣지 컴퓨팅의 높은 성능을 확인한다. 또한, 구현한 무인 마켓에서 데이터 전송의 효율성을 더욱 높이기 위해 카메라 단위와 매대 단위의 대역폭 할당 기법을 제안한다. 카메라 단위로는 모션 인식기술을 활용하여 움직임이 감지될 때만 각 이미지 프로세스에서 요구되는 고해상도로 송신하는 기법을 제안한다. 매대 단위로는 네트워크에서 수용 가능한 대역폭 임계치에 도달하지 못하게 하기 위해 매대 별 우선순위에 따른 대역폭 할당 스케줄링 기법을 제안한다. 그 결과로 평균 소모대역폭과 최대 소모대역폭을 비교하여 제안한 두 가지 기법이 기존의 방법에 비해 성능을 향상시키는 것을 보인다.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1981

자동차제조에 있어서의 용접은 신뢰성 양산과 생력화에 대응하여 접합 조립하는 방법으로 특이한 분야를 형성하여 발전되었다. 예를 들면, 자동차의 생산은 기본적으로 양산체제를 갖추고 있 어서, 일반적으로 노동집약형 산업이라고 불리어지며 그 제조공정을 보면 stamping press 공정과 같이 용접공정도 비교적 장치산업적인 분야로 빠르게 자동화나 성인화 내지 무인화로 진행되고 있다. 자동차용접은 사람이 portable spot welder로 한점씩 용접하지만 양산에 대비한 합리화와 안정화를 위하여 다점용접 (multi spot weld)라는 자동화공법의 도입이 불가피하며 금일의 자 동차생산에 있어서 상식화가 되고 있다. 이것은 한개의 차체라면 차형의 대조 또는 press panel의 수에 따라 차이가 조금 있으나 약 4-5 천점의 점용접이 필요하기 때문에 여러 가지 반송장치와 조합하여 대규모의 line설비로 발전되어 가고 있다. 이와 같이 용접공정의 자동화는 생산성을 높이는 반면에 전용성이 높기 때문에 설계변경에 대한 초기투자의 용접설비 대부분을 갱신하여야 하는 새로운 투자의 필요문제가 증대되었다. 이러한 전용설비에 대한 유연성을 가미한 자동차로 지향되어, 그 한 방법으로 산업용 robot가 도입되었다. 근래에 와서는 자동차제조에 있어서 새 로운 용접기술을 합리적으로 효과있게 적용하는 기술이 금후의 연구과제라 하겠다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.217-224
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• 1997

컴퓨터를 포함하는 정보통신기기를 비롯하여 TV, VTR, 세탁기 등의 가전기기, 자동차와 항공기 등의 수송기기, 생물 환경 계측기기, 안전 보안기기 등 이루 헤아릴 수 없는 각종 전자, 기ㅖ장비에 광 적외선 센서, 자계 자속 센서, 위치 변위 센서, 역학량 센서, 오도 센서, 응력 센서 등 다양한 센서가 사용되어 기기의 정밀성, 자동화, 신뢰성 및 안정성 등을 획기적으로 향상시키고 있으며, 그 외에 공장생산 현장의 능률 제고와 정밀도의 향상, 안전 쾌적성의 확보, 정보교환 및 전달의 고도화, 일상생활의 고도 시스템화, 사회복지의 구현 등에도 큰 기여를 하고 있다. 그런데 이러한 흐름은 앞으로도 계속되어 전자공학을 필두로 하여, 전력공학, 메카트로닉스 분야와 의공학, 공업계측공학등의 발전을 기초로 하여 산업 및 사회시설의 자동화, 무인화 및 정보화가 빠르게 진전됨에 따라 다양한 센서에 대한 수요가 크게 늘 것으로 예측되고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.74-75
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• 2023

선박의 자율지능기술은 국방분야에서 무인화 기술 개발로 시작하여, 최근에는 해운분야에서 자율운항선박의 도입에 관심을 갖게 되면서 자율운항선박 관련 기술 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 자율운항선박이 해상 물류의 수단으로 사용화되기 위해서는 자율운항선박의 항만 입출항을 위한 기술적, 제도적 기반이 마련되어야 한다. 특히 항만 운영의 효율성을 높이고 자율운항선박의 안전 운항을 보장하기 위해서는 자율운항선박의 입출항을 위한 여러 기술이 개발되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 자율운항선박의 입출항을 위해서 요구되는 기능을 식별하고, 요구 기능이 개발되기 위해서 고려되어야 하는 사항을 검토하였다. 자율운항선박의 입출항 지원을 위해서는 항만과 선박의 정보 공유 및 동기화가 선행되어야 하고, 고품질 정보를 기반으로 스케줄링 및 운항 경로 계획이 수립되어야 한다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2020

Vectorization is currently the main method in feature collection (extraction) during digital mapping using UAV-Photogrammetry. However, this method is time consuming and prone to gross elevation errors when extracted from a DSM (Digital Surface Model), because three-dimensional feature coordinates are vectorized separately: plane information from an orthophoto and height from a DSM. Consequently, the demand for stereo plotting method capable of acquiring three- dimensional spatial information simultaneously is increasing. However, this method requires an expensive equipment, a Digital Photogrammetry Workstation (DPW), and the technology itself is still incomplete. In this paper, we evaluated the accuracy of low-cost stereo plotting system, Menci's StereoCAD, by analyzing its three-dimensional spatial information acquisition. Images were taken with a FC 6310 camera mounted on a Phantom4 pro at a 90 m altitude with a Ground Sample Distance (GSD) of 3 cm. The accuracy analysis was performed by comparing differences in coordinates between the results from the ground survey and the stereo plotting at check points, and also at the corner points by layers. The results showed that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) at check points was 0.048 m for horizontal and 0.078 m for vertical coordinates, respectively, and for different layers, it ranged from 0.104 m to 0.127 m for horizontal and 0.086 m to 0.092 m for vertical coordinates, respectively. In conclusion, the results showed 1: 1,000 digital topographic map can be generated using a stereo plotting system with UAV images.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.799-821
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• 2016

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are essential systems for Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) operations in current battlespace. And its importance will be getting extended because of complexity and uncertainty of battlespace. In this study, we forecast the advancement of 96 UAVs during the period of 32 years from 1982 to 2014 using TFDEA. TFDEA is a quantitative technology forecasting method which is characterized as non-parametric and non-statistical mathematical programming. Inman et al. (2006) showed that TFDEA is more accurate in forecasting compared with classical econometrics (e.g. regression). This study got 4.06% point of annual technological rate of change (RoC) for UAVs by applying TFDEA. And most UAVs in the period are inefficient according to the global SOA frontiers. That is because the countries which develop UAVs are in the middle class of technological level, so more than 60% of world UAVs markets are shared by North America and Europe which are advanced countries in terms of technological maturity level. This study could give some insights for UAVs development and its advancement. And also can be used for evaluating the adequacy of Required Operational Capability (ROC) of suggested future systems and managing the progress of Research and Development (R&D).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.163-164
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• 2020

Along with the increase in global volume of goods, logistics companies are trying to reduce costs by increasing the size of ships carrying cargo, increasing the efficiency of quantitative equipment at ports, and unmanned electric vehicles on land. Korean naval ports are also facing the same situation as the global trend. In the past, small and medium-sized ships such as FF, PCC, and beheaded eagles are being retired for their longevity, and their positions are being replaced by large ships such as KDX, FFG, and LST-II. In particular, large ships such as Dokdo and the next light aircraft carriers are also being prepared. Unlike general merchant ships, naval ships require periodic inspections and preventive maintenance, so repair piers such as maintenance depots are in operation. The naval maintenance depot mainly uses trailers, trucks, and truck-type cranes to carry out loading and unloading of heavy ships, and the application or development of automation and unmanned equipment performed by the private sector is inadequate, and self-improvement cases are also very weak. This study aims to improve the efficiency of the military logistics system through research on the logistics system such as transport, storage and unloading of heavy goods and maintenance products of naval ships.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.28-32
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• 2011