• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2004

Immersion means the state of total devotion to what one is involved in. The typical form of this immersion experience happens when one is engaging in computer games. We analyze how the users became immersed in computer games. There are 22 elements of immersion involved in cognitive and emotional fun based cm the flow theory. After analyzing these elements with respect to flow dimension and game mechanics, we find that there are differences in the degree of their immersion in games. There are 7 elements that may be considered preferentially in designing computer games: unity, stimulation, gambling, virtual reality, fantasy, satisfaction accomplishment. We match these elements to Roget's categories and search for new categories with heading information and reference information. As a result 22 immersion elements are subdivided into 229 factors in the concrete. With these factors, we can design a multimedia game which has mon powerful immersion.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.11
• /
• pp.111-121
• /
• 2020

This study was intended to analyze the effects of Organizational Culture on manufacturing(automobile) employees' Organizational Trust and Organizational Commitment. A proposed model based on previous research was empirically tested via structural equation modeling by AMOS using 362 valid samples collected from current employees of G-automobile Enterprises in Chang Won. The results of the empirical analysis are summarized as follows. First, Organizational Culture had a partially direct impact on Organizational Commitment. Second, Organizational Culture had a partially direct impact on Organizational Trust. Third, Organizational Trust had direct impact on Organizational Commitment. It has been confirmed that Organizational Trust has a partial mediation effect(full mediation effect) in the process of Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment. This study showed similar results as other previous studies.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2007

It is necessary to design a careful teaching-learning plan for motivating learners as well as helping them to maintain the learning process so that the advantages and effects of e-Learning system are fully exploited. In order to solve the problems in motivation and maintaining learning, we reviewed the Flow Theory and its relevant previous research materials, analyzed the technological and environmental characteristics of e-Learning, and developed the teaching-learning strategies to promote flow experiences fit for the characteristics of e-Learning. Additionally, to verify the effectiveness of these strategies, we have implemented an e-Learning system based on the strategies and applied it in the actual teaching-learning field. As a result, it has been proved that the teaching-leaning strategies developed for flow experiences in this study were helpful in improving learners' flow level and, consequently, contributed to the enhancement of their academic achievements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.472-479
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to investigates the determinants of learner intention to reuse in e-learning. Based on attitude and flow related studies, our paper proposes a theoretical model consisting of factors such as contents sufficiency, course feedback, self-directed learning, attitude, flow, and reuse intention. The survey method was used for this paper, and data from a total of 409 users in e-learning system were used for this analysis. To analyze the data, structural equation model was used. The results of this empirical study is summarized as follows. First, contents sufficiency has a positive effect on flow as well as attitude, and learner's self-directed learning has a positive effect on flow as well as attitude. Second, both attitude and flow have a positive effect on reuse intention. The findings have significant implications for determinant indicators of reuse intention in e-learning.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.65-80
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of job stress on organizational effectiveness and the moderating role of organizational commitment among social workers. For this study, date were collected from 236 social workers employed at social welfare institutions in the Metropolitan area with structured questionnaires and analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis technique. This study found that three job stress variables(role ambiguity, role conflict and workload) had negative effects on social workers' job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior, whereas they positively impacted on their intent to stay, and that organizational commitment buffered the deleterious effects on job stress on organizational effectiveness.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2015

There are general surveys on factors related to game addiction. However, less is known about the relationships between game addiction, therapeutic catharsis seeking, and game and life self-efficacy in terms of desired needs. This study sought to clarify several of these relationships. Using data from a survey of 489 online game users, we conducted a regression analysis to explore the association between therapeutic aspects (therapeutic catharsis seeking and game and life self-efficacy), psychological problems (loneliness and depression), and demographic variables (age and gender). Results showed that both therapeutic catharsis seeking and game self-efficacy increase game addiction. The implications of these results are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.167-178
• /
• 2022

This study attempted to confirm the effect of the user's characteristics on perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, willingness to pay, flow and addiction to OTT service platform iQIYI users. Researchers believe that as the number of OTT service users who are willing to pay increases, research on the influencing factors and the cause of addiction is needed. As a result of the study, first, it was found that perceived usefulness affects willingness to pay, second, use intention and willingness to pay affect flow, and third, willingness to pay and flow affect addiction. This study considered that it has theoretical and practical value in that the route to flow and addiction of OTT service users was set and tested with intention to use and pay. Researchers hope that the study will expand in terms of willingness to pay and use experience of OTT services in the future.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.237-260
• /
• 2012

Purposes of this paper are focused on researching that employees in small and medium-sized construction company embraced green growth policy by Korean government's strong will and they have try to improve it to take advantage of strengths. Specifically, the purpose of this study includes: Firstly, to examine the effects of employee's cognition of green growth policy and their organizational commitment. Secondly, to examine the mediating and moderating effect of the policy trust and company trust between employee's cognition of green growth policy and organizational commitment. In addition, th examine the facilitating effect of employee's self-efficacy between company trust and organizational commitment. In order to verify the relationship, moderating and mediating effects, data were collected from 168 individuals in 19 small and medium sized company to test theoretical model and its hypotheses. Findings are as followed: first, the relationship between the cognition of green growth policy and organizational commitment is positively related. Second, the employee's company trust played as a partial mediator and moderator on the relationship between cognition of green growth policy and organizational commitment. Finally, employee's self-efficacy also played as a partial mediator on the relationship between company trust and organizational commitment. This study contributes to deepen our understanding of employee's organizational commitment by suggesting an alternative theoretical model regarding how the cognition of green growth policy and organizational commitment work to relate employee's company trust, and how the company trust and organizational commitment work to facilitate employee's self-efficacy. These results reveal that the study contributed to combining variables of employee's cognition of green growth policy, company trust, self-efficacy and organizational commitment, and expanded it.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.443-454
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to propose a structural theoretical model that can explain the learning flow of online distance education participants and to clarify the structural causal relationship among related variables that affect the learning flow of cyber university learners. Study results found a modified final model with a statistically significant fit based on the structural research model proposed in this study explained the learning flow of cyber university learners. Second, as a result of verifying the relationship between learning motivation and learning flow of cyber university learners, it was found that intrinsic motivation had a significant positive effect on learning flow. Third, as a result of the empirical verification on the relationship between academic self-efficacy and learning flow of cyber university learners, it was found that academic self-efficacy had a significant effect on learning flow. Fourth, as a result of empirical verification on the relationship between self-directed learning and the learning flow of cyber university learners, it was found that the learner's self-directed learning ability had a significant effect on learning flow. Such research results can be used to suggest a strategic direction for successful settlement and diffusion of a new paradigm of online non-face-to-face distance education, which has recently attracted attention.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.207-228
• /
• 2023

After COVID-19, organizations have widely adopted platforms such as zoom or developed their proprietary online real-time systems for remote work, with recent forays into incorporating the metaverse for meetings and publicity. While ongoing studies investigate the impact of avatar customization, expansive virtual environments, and past virtual experiences on participant satisfaction within virtual reality or metaverse settings, the utilization of the metaverse as a dedicated workspace is still an evolving area. There exists a notable gap in research concerning the factors influencing the performance of the metaverse as a workspace, particularly in non-immersive work-type metaverses. Unlike studies focusing on immersive virtual reality or metaverses emphasizing immersion and presence, the majority of contemporary work-oriented metaverses tend to be non-immersive. As such, understanding the factors that contribute to the success of these existing non-immersive metaverses becomes crucial. Hence, this paper aims to empirically analyze the factors impacting personal outcomes in the non-immersive metaverse workspace and derive implications from the results. To achieve this, the study adopts the Embodied Social Presence (ESP) model as a theoretical foundation, modifying and proposing a research model tailored to the non-immersive metaverse workspace. The findings validate that the impact of presence on task engagement and task involvement exhibits a moderating effect based on the metaverse platform used. Following interviews with participants engaged in non-immersive metaverse workplaces (specifically Gather Town and Ifland), a survey was conducted to gather comprehensive insights.