• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.492-496
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• 2014

본 연구는 재생가능한 목질계 바이오매스 자원인 억새를 이용한 푸르프랄의 생산가능성을 평가하였다. 또한, 억새줄기로부터 푸르프랄의 생산을 위한 반응조건을 찾기 위하여 고/액 비, 반응온도, 촉매량, 그리고 반응시간의 영향을 조사하였다. 최종적으로 억새로부터 1:10의 고/액 비, 반응온도 $150^{\circ}C$, 3% 황산, 그리고 반응시간 60분의 반응조건에서 5.1 g/L의 푸르프랄을 생산하였다. 이러한 결과는 재생가능한 자원으로부터 석유를 대체할 수 있는 귀중한 화학물질로 전환할 수 있는 기초 정보를 제공하는 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.40-55
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• 1991

To investigate the influence of cross section geometries on the behavior of composite beams in the case of small span to depth ratio and deep beams. the static flexural behavior of composite I-beams and Box- beams was evaluated. 12 types of composite I -beams composed of LVL flanges and particleboard or plywood web and 3 types of composite Box-beams composed of LVL flanges and plywood web were tested under one-point loading. The load-deflection curves were almost linear to failure, therefore, the behavior of tested composite beams was elastic. The theoretical flexural rigidity of composite beams was calculated and compared with observed flexural rigidity. The highest value was found in I-W type beams and the lowest value was found in G-P type beams. The difference between theoretical and observed flexural rigidity was small. Theoretical total deflection of tested composite beams was calculated using flexural rigidity and compared with actual deflection. Shear deflection of these beams was evaluated by the approximation method, solid crosss section method and elementary method. The difference between actual deflection and expected deflection was not found in D, E and F type beams. This defference was small in G, H and I type beams or Box-beam.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 1992

Steam explosion is one of the most effective pretreatment for fractionating wood. This leads to the total utilization of wood basic components; cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The amount of sugar and lignin extracted with the hot water method was very low. The lignin content of residues after extraction with using a sodium hydroxide treatment, increased delignification of carbohydrate as the concentration of alkali was increased. Oak, pretreated with steam exploded at 25kg/$cm^2$ for 6 min. then 1% alkali for 2hrs. showed a delignification rate up to 95%. A sodium chlorite treatment of steam exploded pine and oak also afforded a high deligninfication effect. Pine, treated 10% sodium chlorite for 2hrs. showed high delignification. However, by using a sodium hydroxide treatment, a 2% retreatment for Ihr. after a 2% for 2hrs. afforded remarkable delignification effect on exploded wood at 30kg/$cm^2$ for 9min. and at 35kg/$cm^2$ for 3-6min. In oak, an initial 2hrs. treatment of 2% sodium chlorite was followed by a second 2hrs. treatment at 10%. This showed a delignification rate of 96%.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.101-101
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• 2002

현재의 세계 제지업계는 고지의 사용량과 용수의 재홀용률을 높이기 위해 노력하고있다. 특히 한국의 고지 재활용률은 세계 최고수준으로 보고된 바 있으며, 이를 사용하는 재생용지 생산업채는 고지의 높은 재활용률에 기인하는 여러 가지문제점에 당면하고 있다. 국산 고지는 반복적인 재활용으로인하여 섬유장이 짧고 매우각질화된 상태이며, 펄프 내 미세분 함량이 50%이상에 달하고 있다. 또한 섬유의 표면이 인쇄잉크, stickies 및 각종 이물질로 오염됨에 따라, 섬유자체가 보유하고 있는 섬유간 결합 능력이 저하된 상태이다. 이는 초지시, 탈수성을 악화시켜 생산성을 저하시키며, 탈수성 악화에 기인하여 충분한 고해 과정을 거치지 못하여 생산된 종이의 물리적 성질에 악영향을 미치고 있다. KOCC를 주원료로 사용하는 다겹 판지의 제조공정 또한 재활용 원료의 열악함에 기인한 초지계 내의 과다한 미세분 축적과 이로 인한 탈수성의 저하 및 건조효율의 저하를 막기 힘들었다. 이러한 탈수성 및 건조속도의 저하로 종이 생산 효율의 개선 및 각 물성의 상승을 기대하기 어려웠으며, 이를 개선하기 위하여 다양한 Polyelectrolyte를 첨가하였으나 현저한 효과를 보기 힘들었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 새로운 목질계 부원료인 Lignocell을 사용하여 초지시 탈수성 향상과 건조 촉진, 생산된 종이의 bulk 향상으로 인한 stiffness 등 물리적 성질의 향상효과를 평가하고자 하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2010

Corn stalk, one of the most abundant agricultural residue in the world, was examined in this study to use it as an alternative fiber source of wood fiber. In order to find the proper way to utilize corn stalk more efficiently, the morphological properties and the papermaking properties of the, bast fibers and the corn pith, were evaluated respectively. Although the bast fiber fraction showed comparable properties to those for hardwoods in the fiber properties and the papermaking properties, the pith resulted in low brightness and low drainage rate. But the short and flexible fibers in pith fraction led to dense and compact handsheet structure, correspondingly the higher sheet strength. There big differences in properties between bast fiber and pith should be considered for the fully utilization of corn stalk.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.148-155
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• 2002

본 연구는 폐지섬유보강 시멘트복합체의 수분 민감성 및 열화특성에 대하여 연구하였다. 폐지섬유는 건조공정에 의해 생산되었으며 슬러리-탈수 공법을 사용하여 폐지섬유보강 시멘트복합체를 제조하였다. 폐지섬유보강 시멘트복합체의 수분 민감성 덴 열화특성을 알아보기 위하여 수분민감성, 건조-습윤반복, 동결융해, 장기 오븐 건조의 영향을 실험실에서 촉진시험을 통하여 실시하였다. 폐지섬유보강 시멘트복합체에 대한 수분영향 및 열화에 대한 시험결과는 순수목질섬유보강 시멘트복합체와 통계적으로 비교 분석하였다 시험결과 폐지섬유보강 시멘트복합체는 수분노출 덴 장기 열화상태에서도 적절한 성능을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.609-619
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• 2017

The removal characteristics of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) from an aqueous solution by commercial Wood-based Activated Carbon (WAC) have been studied. The effects of various experimental parameters were investigated using a batch adsorption technique. The adsorption capacity of 2,4-DNP by WAC increased with a decrease in the dosage and particle size of WAC, temperature and the initial pH of the solution, and increased with an increase in the initial concentration of the solution. The adsorption equilibrium data were best described by the Redlich-Peterson isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities of 2,4-DNP by WAC were 573.07 mg/g at 293 K, 500.00 mg/g at 313 K, and 476.19 mg/g at 333 K, decreasing with increasing temperature. The kinetic data were well fitted to the pseudo-second-order model, and the results of the intra-particle diffusion model suggested that the adsorption process was mainly controlled by particle diffusion. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption of 2,4-DNP by WAC was an endothermic and spontaneous process.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

The use of structural wood based panels like plywood, OSB in many applications involves the use of nails, and data on the performance of panel-nail connection are needed for design and comparative purpose. This study was carried out to develop basic information on nail performance(withdrawal, embedding, nailhead push through) with water absorption in plywood and OSB. In withdrawal resistance test, initial stiffness of plywood performed better than OSB in 24hr soaked condition. The soaked condition reduced average nail withdrawal resistance value about 46% (12d mail), 53%(8d nail) in OSB, 17%(12d mail), 24%(8d mail) in plywood. The nail embedding strength of plywood also performed better than that of OSB and retention value(wet strength/dry strength) yielded similar in each nail types. The nail head push through capacity of OSB was higher than that of plywood in dry condition, but equal or lower in soaked condition. Therefore, critical consideration about structural panels is required in moist applications. The average values of nail withdrawal, nail embedding strength and nail head push through resistance of tested materials meet the minimum requirement of various specification and standards.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 1987

본질(本質) Cement board제조(製造)를 위하여 지금까지 톱밥, 목편(木片) 및 목수(木手)(excelsior)가 사용되어 왔으나, Wafer를 사용한 제품(製品)은 아직 개발(開發)되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 Cement wafer board를 압력별(壓力別), Wafer 길이별(別), Cement와 목재(木材)의 배합비별(配合比別), Wafer 배열별(排列別)로 제조(製造)하여 그 영향인자(影響因子)를 조사(調査)하고 이에 따른 제품(製品)의 물리적(物理的), 기계적(機械的) 성질(性質)을 구명(究明)하고자 실시(實施)하였으며 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. Cement Wafer board 제품(製品)의 적정압력(壓力)은 30kg/$cm^2$이었고, 30kg/$cm^2$ 이상(以上)의 압에서는 board의 기계적 성질에 나쁜 영향을 미쳤다. 2. Cement와 목재(木材)의 배합비(配合比)가 2.1을 넘을 경우에는 board의 성질에 나쁜 영향을 끼쳤다. 3. 한쪽 방향(方向)으로 Cement-Wafer가 배열된 조건에서 제조된 CWB가 최고의 곡강도(曲强度)를 나타내었다. 4. CWB의 곡강도(曲强度)는 다른 목질(木質) Cement board보다 높은 값을 나타내었으나 박리강도(剝離强度)에 있어서는 목편 Cement board보다 약간 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 5. CWB의 난연성(難燃性) 시험(試驗)은 난연3급(難燃3級)을 만족시켰다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1992

Steam defiberated pulp and steam exploded wood(birch chip) were extracted with solvents (hot-water, 1% NaOH, MeOH, hot water, 1% NaOH). The properties of residual fiber were examined for the utilization as ruminants feed. The digestibility is 38% in steam defiberated pulp(10kg /$cm^2$-15min) and 62-77% in exploded wood(17-18kg/$cm^2$-2~10min), respectively. The more steam pressure and time increase, the more the digestibility increase. The sugars obtained from extractives is amount from 7% to 13% in asplund pulp and from 7% to 10% in exploded pulp. The sugars was mainly composed of 70-80% xylose. The digestibility of residual fiber which is extracted with solvents is low than these of original fibers. Considering the yield and digestibility as ruminant feed, exploded pulp under 17kg /$cm^2$ for 10min has the best efficiency. The exploded wood gives 75.3% on yield(O. D. chip) and 48% on the digestibility.