• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.07a
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• pp.649-652
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 노후화된 목조·석조 건축물의 균열을 탐지하는 기법을 소개한다. 본 기법의 목적은 석조·목조 문화재의 시간의 흐름에 따른 관리 소홀, 균열(벌레, 날씨, 기온 등), 배부름 현상에 의한 문화재의 손상을 사전에 방지하기 위함이다. 기존에 존재하는 목조·석조 건축물의 균열, 노후, 배부름 등 다양한 결함과 변형의 탐지 방법은 접촉식 센서를 이용하여 탐지를 해왔지만, 문화재 자체의 미관을 해칠 뿐 아니라 문화재를 추가로 훼손할 가능성이 있다는 문제점이 제시되었다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 문화재 비 접촉형 탐지 기법을 사용한다. CCTV 및 DSLR과 같은 관측장비로 촬영한 영상정보를 기반으로 문화재의 결함과 변형을 AI 영상분석 기반 방법으로 판단하는 문제를 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.402-407
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• 2011

최근 친환경 자재를 사용한 건축물이 증가하면서 전통 가옥 뿐만 아니라 다양한 형태의 목조 건축물들이 많이 지어지고 있다. 목재는 건축자재로서 우수한 장점이 많은 반면 화재에 취약한 치명적인 단점을 갖고 있다. 본 연구는 목재건축물의 화재특성을 분석하기 위하여 목재건축물의 화재해석 모델링을 구성하고 수치해석하였으며, 화재시 화염전파의 패턴을 분석하였다. 발화는 내부발화와 외부 화염전이로 구분하였으며 내부발화는 다시 건물 중앙 발화와 벽면발화로 구분하여 수치해석을 수행하였다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.387-393
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• 2015

Damages of wooden cultural heritages caused by various bio-species have been a trend that is increasing on climate change. The decay and bio-damage caused by microbial organisms or insect species are also known to factors of the shape changes and structural problems of wooden cultural heritages. There are so many phenomenons of damage and weathering in wooden cultural heritage for many years and particularly termite can threaten seriously wooden cultural heritage. We investigated with respect to internal and external environment and termite inhabitation around the wooden cultural heritage in Jeollanam-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Jeju-do. As this investigation results, we confirmed that there were the difference in between resident and non-resident about temperature, humidity, moisture contents of wooden building. Resident building is high temperature but humidity and moisture contents is low and these factors are sources of inhabitation condition change about insects as termites. Now we suggest to carry out in parallel to the target wooden cultural heritage and the surrounding habitat for wooden cultural heritage termite damage investigation. Also with the chemical control methods, we must consider necessary to present eco-friendly control management such as construction of heating facilities, residential status, periodic management.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.52-57
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• 2003

This research is to collect, classify and identify the insects boring tunnels into wood or damaging wooden frame structure. Intensive insect collections have been carried at the historical local schools annexed to the confucian shrine from March to September 2001. Ten species of Coleoptera, 15 species of Hymenoptera, 6 species of Hemiptera, 4 species of Ditera and 1 species of Demaptera were recorded. Most species of Coleoptera and Hymenoptera have the manducatory apparatus in the mouth-part that cause severe damage in wood, and showed the highest population among the genera recorded. Further research should be considered on the identification of wood demage insects at the species level among present collection and their mechanism of wood demage in the wood.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3550-3561
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to propose the categorized checklist for fire risk assessment on the wooden cultural properties and to carry out field survey. The survey checklist was composed of categories such as management and administration measures(management, training and countermeasure), architectural planning measures(site plan and facility plan), and equipment measures(fire-fighting and crime prevention facility). In this study, the field survey was carried out in the Nae-jang-sa and Wha-um-sa and it was found that there were some problems in the items which were assessed importantly by experts.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2010

The damage from the underground termite cannot be discovered with peculiar appearance of building but hollow phenomenon will occur. But there is no case in Korea as a non-destructive measurement of termite activation. Therefore, this research constructs non-destructive diagnostic techniques for wooden cultural properties using microwave detector (Termatrac, Australia). Result of maximun distance were measured 16cm (Pine tree, sensitivity 5, 6), 17cm (Zelkova and Douglas fir, sensitivity 5, 6). These results are expected that can be applied in the field. Result of field test using microwave detector, 33.8% of the wooden cultural properties were damaged by termites, and until now 7.8% (18 buildings) are being damaged in nationwide (total 231 buildings). Based on the above results, microwave detector will be able to be utilized effectively for detecting termite, preventing intrusion in wooden structure, and making full use of monitoring system periodically. In addition, it could be of great worth in preventing insect and microorganism in wooden structure.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.58-68
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• 2003

Capacity assessment of structural member must be ahead of the safety assessment of wooden traditional building. Capacity assessment of structural member has been dependent on empirical method with visual inspection even now. Safety assessment of building, however, can be more correct and reasonable provided non-destructive evaluation technique that scientific and logic would be used to evaluate the capacity of structural member. For that purpose, non-destructive evaluation technique was applied to column among many structural members of wooden traditional building to examine the possibility of capacity assessment of structural member. And then, those data will be used as a basic data for capacity assessment of structural member in a following study. Specially, deterioration progress levels of column according to exposed condition were measured. Similar results were obtained as compared with results of visual inspection, so there was a good possibility of application for non-destructive evaluation technique.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.194-215
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• 2021

Termites are important decomposers in the ecosystem. They are also economically significant structural pests. In this study, we reviewed the developments of termite control and recent research on termite management to provide information on the prevention and control of termites. In Korea, most of the damage to wooden historical buildings is caused by subterranean termites. Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis is the main species, which is widely found throughout the country. In the early 1900s, inorganic insecticides, such as arsenic dust, were used for termite control. After the synthesis of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide in the 1940s, it was widely utilized and demonstrated high termite control efficacy. However, chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides were later banned, disappearing from markets after reports emerged concerning environmental contamination and toxicity to humans. Therefore, the termite control industry sought a new termiticide; hence many pesticides were utilized for termite control. Organophosphate (1960s), carbamate (1970s), pyrethroid, and insect growth inhibitor (1980s) were newly synthesized and adopted. In the 1990s, the first commercial baits using chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSI) were developed, providing a means to eliminate an entire colony of subterranean termites around a structure. Many studies have been carried out on soil termiticides (liquid termiticides) and CSI baits to increase their efficacy, and different baits such as aboveground bait stations, fluid bait, and high-durability bait were also developed in the 2000s. In addition, the paradigm of termite control has shifted from localized treatments using soil termiticides to area-wide pest management using CSI baits to create termite-free zones and protect buildings over time. Termite infestations in wooden historical buildings in Korea have been reported since 1980, and considerable attention was drawn in the 1990s when several UNESCO world heritages such as the Jongmyo Shrine and the Janggyeong Panjeon Depositories of Haeinsa Temple were infested by subterranean termites. Since then, a survey of termite infestation in wooden architectural heritage has been conducted, and the National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Heritage Care Program regularly monitors those properties. Finally, we suggest termite management using primarily CSI baits, selective application of various soil treatments applied to the object, foundation soil treatment, research and development of durable termite baits, application of area-wide programs for wooden-building complexes, application of integrated termite management (ITM), and regular education for owners and managers to prevent and reduce termite damage.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The prevention of disasters in cultural property is very important management and historical duties. The reason can't be measured values with monetary scale of our contemporary. Therefore, this paper was considered fire-safety as one of terrible threat-disasters about the wooden buildings. This research deal with 47 cases cultural property wooden building by whole investigation(field survey and interview) in Gangnung province. The most buildings have basic fire extinguisher; ABC powder. A few buildings are rarely installed fire extinguishing equipments; outdoor fire hydrant, heat sensor, ground sprinkler, CO2-hose-reel. But these state is very insufficient for the fire-safety in cultural property wooden buildings. Specially as particular attention in province, forest fire of regional characteristic have close relation with cultural property fire. The majority of factor against forest and building fire is to provide monitoring and security system; CCTV, Fence, Sensor, Alarm and paid guard man against incendiary. Ultimately it is necessary to construct comprehensive disaster prevention system with the organic cooperation such as National Emergency Management Agency, Cultural Heritage Administration, Forest Service, local government officials and regional citizen.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.393-406
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• 2014

To figure out the problems of flame retardant treatment (FRT) on wooden buildings, field investigation and analysis of statistical data are performed. After FRT on historical wooden building, efflorescence and exfoliation showed most often. These problems appeared especially on column, rafter and Ga-gu (Ingredients for supporting structure of a roof) which are liberally spreaded. To compare before and after FRT, analyzed 20 elements using P-XRF. In this process, found sulfur which informs FRT. This helped set up nondestructive assay. Through this process, confirmed field application by analysis residue component of Songgwang-sa Temple.