• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

This study looked into estimation of variance component over swine's economic traits by multiple animal model and maternal effect model using on-farm test data of total 31,455 swine of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire species that were born between 2000 and 2008. Heritability by estimated additive genetic effect showed higher than one by maternal genetic effect using multivariate maternal animal model in each trait examined by each breed and most heritability when considering only additive genetic effect in multiple traits animal model was estimated to be higher than one by estimated additive genetic effect in multivariate maternal animal model. In correlation between breeding value by estimated maternal genetic effect and phenotypic value using multivariate maternal animal model, rank correlation and simple correlation of breeding value and phenotypic value by maternal genetic effect also showed low positive correlation or strong negative correlation, which can be considered that if correlation with phenotype were increased properly considering maternal genetic effect in each trait by each breed, even better improvement could be promoted.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2010

This study looked into how much maternal genetic effect influenced on economic traits through estimation of genetic parameter and heritability over swine's economic traits by maternal animal model using GGP farm examination data of total 31,455 swine of Duroc species, Landrace species and Yorkshire species that were born between 2000 and 2008. As a result of significance test over each factor in surveyed all traits, high significance was approved in the effect of breed, gender, the date of swine's birth, the season swine's born, and difference in delivery in every trait (p<0.01). It is considered that it would be possible to get more efficient improvement effect provided correlation between additive genetic effect and maternal genetic effect as well as maternal genetic effect according to breed, traits, and improvement direction are properly considered as negative covariance existed between additive genetic distribution and maternal genetic distribution presumed for traits by each breed and their genetic relation also showed mostly strong negative correlation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.350-356
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• 2017

This study was conducted to examine the influence of the maternal genetic effect of swine on their economic traits through the estimation of their genetic parameters, breeding value and genetic trends using an animal model. The data on Duroc pigs, Korean Native Pigs and Synthetic pigs (Duroc ${\times}$ Korean Native Pig) from 2000 to 2015 were obtained from the National Institute of Animal Science in Korea and used to estimate the genetic parameters for the average daily gain (ADG) and backfat thickness (BFT). Model 1 included the additive genetic effect of the animals, Model 2 consisted of Model 1 + the maternal genetic effect and Model 3 consisted of Model 2 + the maternal permanent environment effect. The heritability calculated by estimating the additive genetic effect was higher than that calculated by estimating the maternal genetic effect using the maternal animal model. The estimated genetic correlations between the additive and maternal genetic effects for the ADG and BF were strongly negative. Thus, the estimation of the breeding value can be used to select the most appropriate individuals and make an optimal breeding scheme.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.27 no.8 s.310
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• pp.140-143
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• 1995

모체이행항체를 가지고 있는 병아리에 IBD백신을 접종할 때에는 다음과 같은 사항을 유의하여 실시한다. -1일령 병아리에 백신을 접종할 때에는 최소한 2번 접종한다. 2차접종은 2-3주령에 실시해야 한다. 우리나라의 경우 병아리의 모체이행할체 수준이 높기 때문에 2주령에 1차접종을 하고 4주령에 2차접종을 하는 것을 권하고 있다. -백신제조용 바이러스는 약독이나 중간독주를 사용해야 한다. 미국의 경우 모체이행항체가가 높은 병아리에 강독으로 제조한 백신을 사용하는 경우가 있는데 이는 바람직하지 못하다. -농장의 실질적인 위생상태가 백신프로그램의 효과를 증대시키는데 효과가 있다. -항원성이 다른 IBD변이주가 입증된 지역에서는 약독화 시킨 변이주 바이러스를 혼합한 백신의 사용도 고려해 보아야 한다. 다행히 우리나라에서는 IBD변이주 바이러스는 입증된바가 없다.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.8 s.114
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• pp.44-51
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• 1988

캐비닛은 전장에서 기동성 있는 작업공간을 제시하며, 군의 이에 대한 이용도는 이동정비, 지휘통신, 물자수송 등의 측면에서 날로 증가하고 있다. 다음 내용은 서독의 캐비닛 개선에 관한 내용을 번역한 것으로, 개념.계획.완성의 순서로 서술하였다. 이런 점에서 캐비닛은 모체차량으로부터 분리, 운용될수 있어야 하며 핵 및 고주파로부터 방호될 수 있어야 한다는 개념이다. 또한 모체차량의 적재능력 한계로 가능한 캐비닛 자체는 가벼운 재질과 특수제작공법으로 적절한 견고성을 유지할수 있도록 발전시키고 있으며, 사용목적에 알맞도록 캐비닛 내부를 설계, 장비시키고 있는바, 이러한 개선개발 추세를 관련업체나 연구 종사자들이 이해함으로써 개발후 이용도 측면에서 그 효과를 크게 기대할수 있어야 할 것이다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.4
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• pp.119-123
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• 1986

The study was conducted to find out the gene effects on body weights at weaning and at the age of 60 days in mice, with 343 progenies from full-dialell crosses of four lines of BALB/c, CBA, C3H and C57BL. The progenies were reared at the Experimental Animal Farm, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University from November, 1984 to February, 1985, and data collected from the progenies were analyzed into general combining ability, maternal effects, specific combining ability and reciprocal effects with Harvey's model. General combining ability effects estimated in line-crosses were -0.6033~0.5298 for weaning weights and -0.5086~1.0012 for body weights at the age of 60 days. General combining ability for BALB/c and C57BL were significantly better than general combining ability for CBA and C3H for both traits (P<0.05). Maternal effects for C3H were significantly larger than the maternal effects of BALB/c for both traits (P<0.05). The estimates of maternal effects were -0.9678~0.4609 for weaning weights and -1.1886~0.0729 for body weights at the age of 60 days. Specific combining ability effects were estimated to be significant (P<0.05), and the estimates were -0.1999~0.3380 for weaning weights and -0.4056~0.3317 for body weights at the age of 60 days. Reciprocal effects were found to be largest in BALB/c${\times}$C57BL and BALB/c${\times}$C3H. The estimates were -0.5049 from BALB/c${\times}$C57BL and 0.4972 from BALB/c${\times}$C3H form weaning weights, and -1.0336 from BALB/c${\times}$C57BL and 1.2793 from BALB/c${\times}$C3H for body weights at the age of 60 days.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.29 no.9 s.335
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• pp.168-173
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• 1997

효과적인 백신 프로그램을 디자인하기 위해서는 질병과 면역에 대한 기본적인 이해가 필수적이다. 면역에 대해서 이해하기 위해서는 크게 체액성 면역과 세포성 면역으로 구분하여 이해하는 것이 유용할 수 있으며, 또한 이 두 가지 기전은 서로 상호협동적으로 작용한다는 사실을 이해하여야 한다. 숙주동물(닭)이 병원체이든 백신이든 일단 항원에 한 번 노출이 되면 이를 기억하는 기억 세포를 생성하여 두 번째 노출되었을 때 폭발적인 면역반응이 일어나도록 한다. 순환항체가 형성이 되면, 이 항체는 난황을 통하여 후대 병아리에게 전달될 수 있다. 면역의 형성은 백신이 가진 항원의 특성과 백신의 타입(생독, 사독)에 따라 다른 방식으로 나타난다. 면역에 대한 기본적인 개념을 충분히 숙지하고 다음의 사항을 고려하면 효과적인 백신 프로그램을 선택하기가 용이하다. (1) 전례 : 어떤 프로그램이 효과적이었는가? (2) 질병 : 어떤 질병이 문제가 되고 있는가? (3) 균주 : 균주의 차이는 중요한가? (4) 관리 : 백신의 사용을 불필요하게 할 효과적인 사양관리가 이루어질 수 있는가? (5) 모체이행항체 : 모체이행항체가 적절한 방어력을 가질 수 있을까? (6) 면역증강효과 : 그 중요성과 접종시기가 숙지되어 있는가? (7) 접종기술 : 접종기술에 문제가 있는데 프로그램이 제대로 효과를 발휘할 수 있을까?

• Life and Agrochemicals
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• s.248
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• pp.44-45
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• 2009

고추는 가지과에 속하는 1년생 초본이다. 품종에 따라 모양, 색깔, 크기, 매운맛의 정도가 다르고 풍토에 적응성이 강해서 오래 재배되는 동안에 교잡하여 고추의 품종이 50여종이나 된다. 비타민A의 모체인 카로틴과 비타민 C가 다른 채소에 비해 특히 많으며 무기질이 골고루 들어 있고, 매운맛 성분인 캡사이신9Capsicin)은 식욕증진, 소화개선작용, 암유전과 발현조절작용으로 항암효과와 산화방지효과가 있다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 2002

Data were collected from 1996 through 2000 on Korean Native Goats by the National Livestock Research Institute of Korea were used to estimate genetic parameters for birth, 3 month, and 6 month body weights. Estimates were obtained with MTDFREML. Model included animal and maternal genetic and residual effects. The model included sex, birth year-season, and feeding type as fixed factors. Average body weights and standard deviation were 1.78${\pm}$0.32 at birth of age, 7.99${\pm}$2.66 at 3 month of age, and 12.08${\pm}$3.20 kg at 6 month of age, respectively. Average body measurements were 36.46cm for withers height, 38.06cm for body length, and 45.56cm for heart girth at 3 month of age, and were 40.27cm for withers height, 42.01cm for body length, and 51.07cm for heart girth at 6 month of age, respectively. Estimates of heritability were 0.66 for birth weight, 0.34 for 3 month body weight, and 0.27 for 6 month body weight, respectively. Maternal effects would be important for birth and 3 month body weights and may not be needed in a model for 6 month body weight.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.59-75
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• 2005

The experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effects of Bosaengtang in pregnant rats and fetuses. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered with Bosaengtang at the dose of 5mg/kg/day for 20 days. Pregnant rats were sacrificed at the 20th day of gestation, and observed internal and reproductive organs. Fetuses were randomly selected and fixed in 95% ethanol. Fetuses were stained with alcian blue and alizarin red S, and observed skeletal malformations. The results obtained were as follows : Bosaengtang administered group showed higher maternal body weight than the control group, but both groups showed increase in weight. Bosaengtang administered group showed lower than the control group, and higher liver and kidney weight than the control group, but the differences were minimal. There were no significant changes between the control and treated group in blood chemistry values and hematological values but all the groups were within in normal ranges. There were no significant changes in the number of corpus luteum, implantation, live fetus and implantation rate, delivery rate, late resorption rate, sex ratio, but Bosaengtang administered group showed higher early resorption rate than control group. comparing the control and Bosaengtang group, neonatal body weight and the number of fetuses were increased in Bosaengtang group. The fetuses of dams treated with Oriental medicine didn't showed external malformation. Vertebral and sternal variations were observed in Bosaengtang group, but the differences were not apparent compared to the control group. The number of ribs, cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were normal. The number of sacral was similar and the number of caudal was increased. Fetuses showed significant difference in the number of caudal vertebrae. (P<0.01) From these results, we can carefully conclude that Bosaengtang showed beneficial effects on maternal body weight, early resorption rate, number of live fetus. There were no significant changes in organ weight, hematoscopy, reproduction organs. External malformation wasn't visible. Skeletal variations were showed in vertebrae and sternum but compared to the control group, these variations weren't much different.