• The Mathematical Education
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.451-466
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• 2024

This study investigated elementary preservice teachers' conceptions of a generating line, an ambiguous concept in school mathematics. The preservice teachers' conceptions of a generating line can be classified into four types: (a) only cones have generating lines, (b) only cones and cylinders have generating lines, (c) solids of revolution have generating lines, (d) straight lines on the lateral surface are generating lines. 22.1% of all preservice teachers believed that only cones have generating lines, and most of them followed the definition of a generating line presented in elementary mathematics textbooks. The conception that only cones and cylinders have generating lines was the least investigated. However, since there were instances where generating lines were defined with the use of a director curve, it became important to explore topics more thoroughly, such as generating lines of a truncated cone. 27.9% of all preservice teachers believed that solids of revolution have generating lines. This conception was marked by differing opinions on whether spheres also have generating lines. The conception that straight lines on the lateral surface are generating lines was the most frequently investigated. This conception differs from the traditional view in school mathematics because it suggests using a director curve to define generating lines. Based on these analysis results, the researcher developed specific teaching methods that considered both subject matter knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge for preservice teachers. In addition, the researcher proposed a consensus definition of a generating line in mathematics education.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.74-85
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• 2020

This paper presents an algorithm that evaluated the overload influence by bus upon the distribution system by calculating the daily load curve of PEVs charging by bus based on the daily charging patterns of PEVs according to PEVs penetration scenarios. The proposed algorithm calculates the number of PEVs to estimate the number of households by bus; the probability density function of the charging start time of PEVs, considering driving characteristics of PEVs and the daily load curve of PEVs charging by bus considering battery characteristics according to PEVs penetration scenarios. To verify the evaluation of the overload influence by bus on the distribution system in terms of the proposed algorithm, the cases were reviewed on the target bus(apartment and detached houses) among the feeders of the distribution systems at Dongtan new-town in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.82-87
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• 2007

This paper measures power quality of bus in case electric charges about customer are imposed by each bus, supposed that can calculate this cost. When reflected this in system planning, expected cost proposed following method through sample system. To calculate nodal cost operating condition of power equipment calculates nodal cost[$/MVAH] supposing by situation that is optimized by OPF(optimal power flow) in system. The damage cost that is shed by fault that happen during year of loads in system that is linked on each bus was produced. As a result, proposed method was very effective in case of calculating bus total cost including power quality cost.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Numerical investigation has been made on the aerodynamic characteristics of supersonic air-launching rocket, as a new concept launching mechanism. Parametric study on the variations of launching velocity, incident angle and mounting location of the rocket has been performed using three dimensional Euler equations. Influential factors at separating stage of the rocket were extracted through comprehensive analyses, and, the response surface models were constructed for those factors. From the study, the aerodynamic behavior of the air-launching rocket at supersonic speed and useful guidelines for the optimal mounting location of the rocket have been obtained.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.79-81
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• 2003

최근 전력계통에 연결된 비선형 장치가 부하의 큰 부분을 차지하고 있다. 비선형 장치는 계통전류에 고조파를 발생시키고 기본파 전류에 의한 도체 손실에 고조파 전류손이 더해져서 도체의 온도를 상승시킨다. 도체의 온도 상승에 관한 연구는 주로 정현파 60Hz 전류에 기초해서 통전 용량을 계산하고 그에 따른 손실을 계산하였다. 본 논문에서는 GIS 모선에 고조파 전류가 포함되는 경우 고조파의 영향에 따른 통전 용량을 계산한다. 즉, GIS 모선에 주파수의 영향에 따른 손실비를 구하고, 유한 요소 해석을 통해 계산된 GIS 모선의 고조파에 따른 손실값을 정현파 60Hz 전류일 때에 계산된 손실값과 비교한다. 이 결과는 GIS 모선의 정확한 통전용량을 예측하는데 사용될 것이다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.325-327
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• 2005

전력시장의 본격적인 개방을 앞두고 전력품질의 평가와 적정한 가격의 반영 매커니즘은 고도한 산업구조를 뒷받침하면서 전력시스템에 대한 투자 활성화를 위해 꼭 필요한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 부하의 전압이 변동할 때 부하가 허용할 수 있는 전압의 특성을 나타낸 전력 허용성 곡선(CBEMA)을 이용하여 모선 부하들에 대한 전력품질을 지표화 하는 한편, 이를 가격으로 환산하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구의 장점은 각 모선에 설치된 부하의 종류 및 구성비를 기초로 부하모형을 산출하고 모선에 대표가 되는 전력품질곡선을 작성하므로, 각 모선별 전력품질 지표 및 비용의 산출이 가능하며, 이를 기초로 전력계통 문제해석시 품질비용의 취급이 가능하다는 점이다. 본 논문은 부하-전압특성을 전력허용 곡선에 의해 도출하고 각 모선별 대표 전력허용곡선을 산출한 다음 이를 모형계통에 적용함으로써 전력품질가격산정기법의 적용을 가능케하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.41-45
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• 2001

This paper presents an comparative study on the effect of STATCOM and UPFC to power flow analysis of power systems. The effect of STATCOM can be analyzed with PSS/E program which is generally used in power system analysis, while UPFC model for power flow analysis is not provided yet. Thus, UPFC is equivalently represented as a synchronous condenser and load, while the active and reactive power of the specific transmission line and the voltage of the bus is controlled appropriately. This procedure is implemented by IPLAN which is an external macro program of PSS/E. The simulation results show that UPFC is more effective to control the bus voltage than STATCOM, because UPFC can control not only the bus voltage where the parallel inverter is installed but also the active and reactive power flow in the transmission line where the series inverter is installed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.36-40
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• 2006

An analysis is made of flow and rocket motion during a supersonic separation stage of air-launching rocket(ALR) from the mother plane. Three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations is numerically solved to analyze the steady/unsteady flow field around the rocket which is being separated from the mother plane configuration(F-4E Phantom). The simulation results clearly demonstrate the effect of shock-expansion wave interaction between the rocket and the mother plane. To predict the behavior of the ALR according to the change of the C.G., three cases of numerical analysis are performed. As a result, a design-guideline of supersonic air-launching rocket for the safe separation is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.474-482
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• 2007

An analysis is made for flow and rocket motion during a supersonic separation stage of an air-launching rocket(ALR) from the mother plane. Three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations are numerically solved to analyze the steady/unsteady flow fields around the rocket which is being separated from the mother plane configuration(F-4E Phantom). Simulation results clearly demonstrate the effect of shock-expansion wave interaction around both of the rocket and the mother plane. To predict the behavior of the ALR by the change of the center-of-gravity, three cases of numerical analysis are performed. As a result, a design-guideline of supersonic air-launching rockets for safe separation is proposed.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.108.2-108.2
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• 2014

과거 달 탐사 미션으로 달에는 global magnetic fields는 존재하지 않고 표면에 국부적으로 자기장이 존재함이 확인되었다. 그러나 이렇게 측정된 자기장 데이터는 일정 고도 (> 20 km) 이상에서 측정되었기 때문에, 지표에 비해 그 세기가 매우 약해 자기장의 형태와 분포를 연구하는데 한계가 있다. 보다 자세한 연구를 위해서는 표면에서부터 다양한 고도에 이르는 위치에서 측정된 자기장 데이터가 필요하며, 이는 달 표토의 자화나 Swirl 형성 메커니즘을 이해하는데 중요한 정보이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 큐브위성을 이용하여 저궤도부터 지표까지의 자기장을 측정하는 방안을 소개한다. 큐브위성은 달 궤도 모선에서 사출되어 자기이상 지역 표면에 충돌하는 임무를 가진다. 자력계는 모선과 큐브위성에 각각 탑재되어 자기장을 측정하며, 모선으로 부터 사출된 큐브위성은 충돌 직전까지 자기장을 측정하고 모선에 습득한 데이터를 실시간으로 전송한다. 이렇게 측정된 자기장 데이터는 모선의 궤도부터 표면에 이르기까지 여러 고도에서 측정되었기 때문에 자기이상 지역의 자기장 구조를 파악하는데 중요한 자료로 활용할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 달의 자기이상 지역과 큐브위성 임무 설계에 대하여 기술하였다.