• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1101-1109
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• 2004

Experimental measurements of flame structure and soot characteristics were performed fur ethene inverse diffusion flames (IDF). IDF has been considered as the excellent flow field to study the incipient soot because soot particle do not experience the oxidation process. In this study, LIF image clarified the reaction zone of IDF with OH signal and PAH distribution. laser light scattering technique also identified the being of soot particle. To address the degree of soot maturing, C/H ratio and morphology of soot sample were investigated. From these measurements, the effect of flow residence time and temperature on soot inception could be suggested, and more details on soot characteristic in the IDF was determined according to fuel dilution and flame condition. The fuel dilution results in a decrease of temperature and enhancement of residence time, but the critical dilution mole fraction is existed for temperature not to effect on soot growth. Also, the soot inception evolved on the specific temperature and its morphology are independent of the fuel dilution ratio of fuel.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1110-1116
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• 2004

Experimental measurements of laser-induced ion mobility(LIIM) were performed for ethene/air premixed flames operated near the soot inception point. Soot was ionized using a pulsed laser operated at 532 nm. The ionization signal was collected with a tungsten electrode located in the post-flame region. ionization signals were collected using both a single electrode and dual electrode configuration. Prior LIIM studies have focused on the use of a single biased electrode to generate the electric field, with the burner head serving as the path to ground. In many practical combustion systems, a path to ground is not readily available. To apply the LIIM diagnostic to these geometries, a dual electrode geometry must be employed. The influence of electrode configuration, flame equivalence ratio, and flame height on ionization signal detection was determined. The efficacy of the LIIM diagnostic to detect soot inception in the post-flame region of a premixed flame using a dual electrode configuration was investigated. For the different dual electrode configurations tested, the dual parallel electrode geometry was observed to be most sensitive to detect the soot inception point in a premixed flame.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1117-1123
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• 2004

The characteristics of soot near the soot inception point for an ethene-air flame was carried out in a WSR (well-stirred reactor). The new sampling tool like the temperature controlled filter system was introduced to minimize the condensation during sampling. The new analysis tools applied include the real time size distribution analysis with the Nano-DMA, particle size by transmission electron microscopy, C/H analysis, g filter analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis using both non-oxidative and oxidative pyrolysis. The WSR can generate young soot particles that can be collected and examined to gain insight into inception. For the current conditions, soot does not form for ${\Phi}$=1.9, inception occurs at or before ${\Phi}$=2.0, and inception combined with soot surface growth and/or coagulation occurs for ${\Phi}$=2.1. The filter samples for ${\Phi}$=1.9 are composed of volatile compounds that evolve at relatively low temperatures when heated in the presence or absence of O$_2$. The samples collected from the WSR at ${\Phi}$=2.0 and ${\Phi}$=2.1 are precursor-like in morphology and size. They have higher C/H ratios and lower organic percentages than precursor particles, but they are clearly not fully carbonized soot. The WSR PAH distribution is similar to that in young soot from inverse flames.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.863-870
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• 2004

The temperature and soot particle measurement technique in a laminar diffusion flame has been studied to investigate the characteristics of soot particle with temperature using a co-flow burner. The temperature distribution in the flame were measured by rapid insertion of a R-type thermocouple and the soot particles by LEM/LIS techniques. In these measurement, soot volume fraction, number density and soot diameters were analyzed experimentally. As a results, the spacial distributions of particle volume fraction, soot diameter, and number density are mapped throughout the flame using the Rayleigh theory for the scattering of light by particles. A laser extinction method was used to measure the soot volume fraction and laser induced scattering method was used to measure the soot particle diameter and number density. Also, we measured temperature without the effect of soot particles attached to the thermocouple junction, which is close to the nozzle. In this result, we found that upstream zone has a unstable flowing in co-flow diffusion flame and the y-axis temperature of flame has a uniform temperature distribution in the most soot volume fraction zone.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1267-1273
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• 2004

The temperature and soot particle measurement technique in a laminar diffusion flame have been studied to investigate the characteristics of soot particle with temperature using a co-flow burner. The temperature distributions in the flame were measured by rapid insertion of a R-type thermocouple and the soot particles were detected were detected by LEM/LIS techniques. In these measurement, soot volume fraction, number density and soot diameters were analyzed experimentally. As a results, the spacial distributions of particle volume fraction, soot diameter, and number density are mapped throughout the flame using the Rayleigh theory for the scattering of light by absorbing particles. A laser extinction method was used to measure the soot volume fraction and Laser induced scattering method was used to measure the soot particle diameter and number density. Also, we measured temperature without the effect of soot particles attached to the thermocouple junction, which is close to the nozzle. In this result, we found that upstream zone has a unstable flowing in co-flow diffusion flame and the y-axis temperature of flame has a uniform temperature distribution in the most soot volume fraction zone.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 제26회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.21-26
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• 2003

Diesel particulate trap is a core technology for the reduction of PM from diesel vehicles This study presents the features and the characteristics of DPF system when using pellet type filters. In comparison with wall-flow filter, the pellet filter has the advantages of cracking free during regeneration and shape flexibility. Experiments are conducted in a test bench simulated as diesel engine exhaust condition. Pressure drop and particle loading rate was compared by using two pellet filters having the porosity of 70% and 0%. Also its regeneration was tested.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2004

DPF technology has been considered as one of the most effective methods for reducing diesel particulate emission. PSA Peugeot Citroen introduced the DPF equipped diesel passenger car, Peugeot 607 HDI Sedan, in 2000 for the first time in the world, in which SiC filter, an oxidation catalyst, cerium based fuel born catalyst and post-injection technology were used for PM regeneration. In the present study, the characteristics of the Peugeot 607 DPF system were studied on chassis dynamometer and real road driving conditions. The change of emissions and fuel economy during 80,000km operation were also tested. Additionally, ash contents accumulated in the DPF filter was analyzed and particle size distributions was investigated after running of 80,000km.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2007

Recently, diesel vehicles have been increased and their emission standards have been getting strict. The emission of diesel vehicles contains numerous dangerous compounds, especially particulate matters cause a serious environmental pollutant and affect to human health seriously. Thousands of studies have already reported that particulate matters are associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and death. Due to these, it is necessary to measure the soot concentration and soot particle size in laboratory flames or practical engines to recognize the soot formation, and develop the control strategies for soot emission. In this study, the characteristics of exhausted soot particle size and volume fraction from 2.0L CRDI diesel engine have been investigated as varying engine speed and load. Laser induced incandescence has been used to measure soot concentration. Time-resolved laser induced incandescence has been used to determine soot particle size in the engine. The soot volume fraction is increased as increasing engine load but soot volume fraction is decreased as increasing engine speed. The primary particle size is distributed about $35nm{\sim}60nm$ at each experimental conditions.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.457-459
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• 2008

• 전기의세계
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.18-23
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• 1979

우리나라는 삼면이 바다에 연하여 있어서 각종 해풍의 영향으로 바다의 해염입자가 내륙으로 비산되어 해안근지구역의 애자가 오염되고 있다. 또 최근 산업의 대규모화와 중화학공업의 발전으로 공업지역이 점차 확대되고 있어서 이 지역에서 발생하는 매연등으로 애자의 오손상태는 더욱 심확되어 가고 있다. 이러한 오손애자는 평상시의 건조상태에서 별다른 이상은 없으나 비, 이슬, 안개등의 온윤상태에서는 내락사고로 진전되는 경우가 많다. 이와같이 발생되는 사고(염진해 사고)로 인하여 각국의 전력회사는 물론 한국전력에서도 하나의 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 그래서 효과적인 방지대책을 찾아내기 위하여 계속 연구하고 있다. 여기서는 지금까지 조사연구된 염진해현상과 그 대책에 대하여 기술코저 한다.