• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.373-382
• /
• 2003

The successful use of osseointegrated implants to replace missing teeth has been demonstrated for both the completely and the partially edentulous patients. Many studies have confirmed an excellent long-term prognosis. The successful outcome of any implant procedure is surely dependent on the interrelationship of the various components that includes the following: biocompatibility of the implant material, macroscopic and microscopic nature of the implant surface, the status of the implant bed in both a health(noninfected) and a morphologic(bone quality) context, the surgical technique, the undisturbed healing phase, the subsequent prosthetic design, and long-term loading phase. Periodontally compromised patients have poor status of the implant bed and periodontal pathogen. No longitudinal data are available whether these factors affect the prognosis of implants. In this study, 102 machined $Br{{\aa}}nemark$ implants are inserted to analyze the success rate of 1-4 years and marginal bone loss in 49 chronic periodontitis patients. The following conclusions could be drawn from this study. 1. The cumulative success rate of implants at the 4-year of loading was 95.10%. 2. 5 failed implants have been removed. One implant have been removed due to infection, two implants were removed due to failure of osseointegration. and other two implants were removed due to mechanical failure caused by over-loading. 3. Mean marginal bone loss from the time of loading was 0.94mm at first year, 1.12mm at second year, 1.25mm at third year. These results suggest that implant therapy is good treatment modality in chronic periodontitis patients, and periodontal treatment including oral hygiene program is completed prior to insertion of implants.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.493-502
• /
• 1994

The benefits in using controlled delivery approaches include improved pharmacokinetic response, greater ability to localize the drung adjacent to the disease, and more control of local concentration at a lower total dosage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Minocline strip on chronic marginal periodontitis. Minocline Strip was applied in the periodontal pocket of 94 patients with a clinically diagnosed as a chronic marginal periodontitis, 4 sites for each patients with a 5mm probing pocket depth were selected in split mouth design and were divided into two group, ie., placebo group ($C_1$, $C_2$) and experimental group ($E_1$, $E_2$). Supragingival scaling and oral hygiene instruction were performed 1 week before experiment. Minocline Strip was applied on day 0 and 7, weekly, Clinical and microbiological tests were performed on day 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42. The results were as follows ; 1. Minocline Strip showed significant improvement on Chronic Marginal Periodontitis in 77 patients (82.0%) and improvement rate was more than 66.7% of all investigational items. 2. Only 6 patients complained mild pruritis during the early therapy but not needed discontinuence of the therapy. 3. The availability of Minocline Strip was 72 patients (76.6%) synthetically evaluating efficacy and safety. In conclusion, Minocline Strip appears to be effective and safe for the treatment of Chronic Marginal Periodontitis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.391-398
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare the expressions of CRP and M-CSF in the gingival tissues of the patients with chronic periodontitis associated to hypertension. Methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained during periodontal surgery or tooth extraction. Clinically healthy gingival tissue samples from systemically healthy 12 patients were categorized as group 1 (n=12). Inflammatory gingival tissue samples from patients with chronic periodontitis were categorized as group 2 (n=12). Inflammatory gingival tissue samples from patients with chronic periodontitis associated with hypertension were categorized as group 3 (n=12). Tissue samples were prepared and analyzed by Western blotting. The quantification of CRP and M-CSF were performed using a densitometer and statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Results: There were significant differences between group 1 and group 2 and between group 1 and group 3 in both CRP and M-CSF. The differences between group 2 and group 3 were not statistically significant in both proteins. However, the expression levels of CRP and M-CSF in hypertensive inflammatory gingiva showed increased tendency compared to non-hypertensive inflammatory gingiva. Conclusions: It is suggested that CRP and M-CSF might be used as inflammatory and bone resorption markers in periodontal diseased tissue. It is assumed that hypertension may be associated with the progression of periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Tetracycline and its chemically modified non-antibacterial analogues can inhibit certain host-derived tissue destructive collagenases such as matrix metalloproteinases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and microbiologic effects of the subantimicrobial dose of doxycycline(SDD) in conjunction with scaling and root planing. Materials and methods: A total of 30 patients with chronic periodontitis who were going to receive scaling and root planing were randomly allocated to receive either a doxycycline hyclate for 3 months or nothing. Clinical probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, and bleeding on probing were measured by one periodontist. After a periodontal examination, microbial samples were collected using sterile paper points. The effect of SDD in conjunction with scaling and root planing on alterations of the periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis) were also assessed using l6S rRNA polymerase chain reaction. Results: During the treatment period, clinical parameters for both treatment group and control group were improved. After 3 months, reductions in probing depth and gains in clinical attachment level were significantly greater for the SDD group than control group. Microbial analysis showed that there was no alteration of the periodontal pathogens and no difference between the groups. Conclusion: This study suggested that the subantimicrobial dose of doxycycline as an adjunct therapy with scaling and root planing might be effective and safe in the management of chronic periodontitis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.849-857
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare and quantify the expressions of RANK and RANKL in the gingival tissues of non-periodontitis patient and patients with chronic periodontitis, in order to understand the contribution of these proteins to periodontal destruction. Material and methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained during periodontal surgery or tooth extraction. According to the patient's systemic condition & clinical criteria of gingiva, each gingival sample was divided into two groups. Group 1 (n=8) is clinically healthy gingiva without bleeding and no evidence of bone resorption or periodontal pockets, obtained from non-periodontitis patients. Group 2 (n=8) is inflammed gingiva from patients with chronic periodontitis. Tissue samples were prepared and analyzed by Western blotting. The quantification of RANK and RANKL were performed using a densitometer and statistically analyzed by Student's t-Test. Results: The expression of RANK were similar in group 1 and 2. The difference between group 1 and 2 was not statistically significant. And the mean amount of RANKL was more increased in group 2 than group 1. The difference between group 1 and group 2 was statistically significant. Conclusion: The expression level RANK didn't show any significant difference between healthy tissue from non-periodontitis patients and inflamed tissue from chronic periodontitis, but the expression level of RANKL in inflammed tissue from chronic periodontitis showed significantly increased tendency compared to healthy gingiva from non-periodontitis patients. Therefore, characteristics of RANK and RANKL in progress of chronic periodontitis would be basis of further studies in diagnostic method and treatment index of the disease.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.557-562
• /
• 2016

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis are gram-negative bacteria frequently found in lesions from patients with periodontitis manifesting alveolar bone loss. Lipopolysaccharides are a major virulence factor of gram-negative bacteria. Bone resorption is known to be regulated by bacteria and their virulence factors. In the present study, we investigated the effects of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis on bone resorption. Heat-killed A. actinomycetemcomitans (HKAa) and heatkilled P. gingivalis (HKPg) induced bone loss in the femurs of mice after intraperitoneal administration. HKAa and HKPg augmented the differentiation of committed osteoclast precursors into osteoclasts, while they inhibited the differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages into osteoclasts. Concordant with the effects of the heat-killed whole cells, LPS purified from A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis also augmented osteoclast differentiation from committed osteoclast precursors but attenuated it from bone marrow-derived macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that the whole cells and lipopolysaccharides of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis induce the differentiation of committed osteoclast precursors into osteoclasts, potentially contributing to bone resorption in vivo.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.277-290
• /
• 2012

Dental implants are universal restorative method on edentulous site in oral cavity and generally recognized by patients as well as clinicians. Rapid bone resorption of labial portion of maxillary anterior area is performed due to dental trauma, chronic periodontitis, and so on. Accordingly, Implants on maxillary anterior alveolar ridge with narrow labiopalatal width would lead to bony defects of dehiscence or fenestration. In this case, guided bone regeneration procedure is used to augment maxillary anterior alveolar ridge. It can have mechanical and biological advantages to mix tissue adhesive with bone graft materials in guided bone regeneration procedure. In these cases, when the dehiscence or fenestration defects was occurred by dental implants on maxillary anterior alveolar ridge with narrow labiopalatal width, guided bone regeneration procedures were performed with various combination of particle bone graft materials(allograft, xenograft, and alloplast) mixed with fibrin glue, excepting autogerous bone. We reported that all of 4 cases showed favorable alveolar ridge augmentations.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.62 no.2
• /
• pp.131-139
• /
• 2024

In a edentulous patient, various methods can be employed for prosthetic treatment using implants, such as implant-supported fixed prostheses, overdentures, hybrid prostheses, and implant assisted removable partial denture. In this case, in a patient with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis requiring full arch extractions, implants were strategically placed using computer-guided surgery. In the maxilla, due to inadequate bone quality and quantity leading to insufficient initial stability, delayed loading was implemented, and interim prosthesis was used during the osseointegration period. In the mandible, stable initial stability was achieved, allowing for immediate loading to reduce patient discomfort. Primary stability is considered the most crucial factor for obtaining immediate loading, so a thorough clinical and radiological evaluation of the remaining alveolar bone quantity and quality must be conducted before surgery.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.210-217
• /
• 2018

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects quality of life and nutrition. Several studies have demonstrated a link between periodontal disease and low bone density, and vitamin D is expected to have a beneficial effect on periodontal disease as well as on bone mineral density and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between periodontal disease and vitamin D because the results are different in some studies and there is a lack of research in Korea. In this study, we conducted a multiple linear regression analysis of 8,783 subjects among 23,626 subjects who were older than 20 years of age, who had serum vitamin D levels and periodontal disease, who had three years of the National Health and Nutrition Survey that was conducted in Korea from 2012 to 2014. We examined the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and periodontal disease. Tooth loss and vitamin D levels were negatively correlated (${\beta}=-0.028$, p=0.008). In addition, the prevalence of periodontal disease was found to be higher in men younger than 50 years of age with lower vitamin D levels (Q1: 1.769 [1.125~2.782], Q2: 1.182 [0.743~1.881], Q3: 0.676 [0.400~1.881]; p=0.001). Low vitamin D levels and periodontal disease are common diseases in primary care. Vitamin D supplementation is expected to have favorable effect on periodontal disease and falls, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and cancer. Therefore, patients with periodontal disease may benefit from periodic vitamin D management to improve quality of life as well as to manage periodontal disease. In addition, as shown in this study, not only elderly individuals, but also men younger than 50 years of age are related to periodontal disease, so there should be interest in controlling the levels of vitamin D in adults.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Specific bacteria are believed to play an important role in chronic periodontitis. Although extensive microbial analyses have been performed from subgingival plaque samples of periodontitis patients, systemic analysis of subingival microbiota has not been carried out in a Korean population so far. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of 29 putative periodontal pathogens in Korean chronic periodontitis patients and evaluate which pathogens are more associated with Korean chronic periodontitis. Material and Methods: A total of 86 subgingival plaque samples were taken from 15 chronic periodontits(CP) patients and 13 periodontally healthy subjects in Korea. CP samples were obtained from the deepest periodontal pocket (>3 mm probing depth[PD]) and the most shallow periodontal probing site ($\leq$3 mm PD) in anterior tooth and posterior tooth, respectively, of each patient. Samples in healthy subjects were obtained from 1 anterior tooth and 1 posterior tooth. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of subgingival plaque bacteria was performed. Detection frequencies(% prevalence) of 29 putative periodontal pathogens were investigated as bacterium-positive sites/total sites. Results: With the exception of Olsenella profuse and Prevotella nigrescens, the sites of diseased patients generally showed higher prevalence than the healthy sites of healthy subjects for all bacteria analyzed. Tanerella forsythensis (B.forsythus), Campylobacter rectus, Filifactor alocis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis were detected in more than 80% of sites with deep probing depths in CP patients. In comparison between the sites (deep or shallow PD) of CP patients and the healthy sites of healthy subjects, there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05) of prevalence in T.forsythensis (B.forsythus), C.rectus, Dialister invisus, F.alocis, P.gingivalis and Treponema denticola. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the four putative periodontal pathogens, T.forsythensis (B.forsythus), C.rectus, P.gingivalis and F.alocis are closely related with CP patients in the Korean population.