• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2019

In this study, bispectrum analysis method introduced to reduce variability of SEF(spectral edge frequency) and MF(median frequency), which are the anesthetic depth indexes extracted by EEG spectral analysis. Bispectrum analysis is an analytical method that can confirm the nonlinearity of EEG. Signal measurement and analysis in the surgical environment should take into consideration various external artifact factors. Bispectrum analysis can confirm the presence of externally introduced artifacts, thereby effectively eliminating artifacts that affect the EEG signal. By applying bispectrum parameters, real-time variability of the anesthetic depth parameters SEF, MF could be reduced. Elimination of variability makes it possible to use SEF, MF as a real-time index during surgery.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1995 no.11
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• pp.147-150
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• 1995

최근의 마취과학에 관한 연구에 있어서의 주된 경향은 마취심도 및 의식수준의 결정을 신경생리학적인 관점에서 분석하고자 하는 것이다. 즉, 마취와 의식에 관한 인간의 뇌가 가지고 있는 기능이나 약리학적인 반응을 대표할 수 있는 생체신호를 검출, 분석하여 정량화하고 이들을 이용하면 마취심도 및 의식수준과의 큰 상관관계를 얻을 수 있을 것이라 가정하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 청각유발전위 (LAEP, Long latency Auditory Evoked Potential)를 검출하여 추출된 변수들과 마취제 투여량간의 변화에 따른 상관성을 분석하고자 하였다. 수술환자(17명)를 대상으로 실험을 실시하였으며 마취제로서는 Midazolam과 Diazepam을 인체로 투여하고 1 KHz와 2 KHz의 청각자극을 제시하였을 때 피검자로부터 발생되는 LAEP를 검출하였다. 검출된 LAEP로부터 추출된 N100과 P300의 진폭은 마취량의 증가에 따라서 간소함을 알 수 있었으며, 이러한 유의한 상관성을 보이는 진폭의 변화는 마취제의 투여에 따른 의식수준의 변화를 나타내는 지수(index)의 설정 및 알고리듬의 수립에 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.2460-2470
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• 2009

In this study, the parameter extraction for evaluation of the anesthesia depth in each anesthesia stages was conducted. An object of the this experiment study has studied 5 adult patients (mean $\pm$ SD age:$42{\pm}9.13$), ASA classification I and II, undergoing surgery of obstetrics and gynecology. Anaesthesia was maintained with Enflurane. HRV signal was created by R-peak detection algorithm form ECG signal. The HRV data were preprocessing algorithm. It has tried find out the anesthesia parameter which responds the anesthesia events and shows objective anesthesia depth according to anesthesia stage including pre-anesthesia, induction, maintenance, awake and post-anesthesia. In this study, proposed algorithm to analysis the HRV(heart rate variability) signal using wavelet transform in anesthesia stage. Three sorts of wavelet functions applied to PSD. In the result, all of the results were showed similarly. But experiment results of Daubeches 10 is better. Therefore, this parameter is the best parameter in the evaluation of anesthesia stage.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 1974

In the present study, the experiment was made to observe the change of the blood sugar levels in the process of general anesthesia, subjecting the rabbits to the light or deep inhalation anesthesia with ether or methoxyflurane by the non-rebreathing system. The blood sugar level was measured by the method of Somogyi and Nelson. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The blood sugar level of the normal rabbit was $112.\;04{\pm}9.88\;mg%$. 2. The blood sugar level in the initial stage of the light ether anesthesia was significantly increased, and slight decrease was observed in the beginning of the deep anesthesia. 3. In the ether anesthesia group, the sugar level increased gradually when deep anesthesia was induced. 4. Anesthesia with methoxyflurane produced a similar pattern of the blood sugar as in the ether group, with no significant difference between ether and methoxyflurane anesthesia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.397-400
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• 2015

Due to the anesthesia process is inappropriate on the operation, awakening state was appeared. Because of that patients suffered from severe mental and physical pain. To prevent the state, it is necessary to monitor the patients by measuring the depth of anesthesia. In this study, we investigate the possibility of the development of actual surgery available quantitative indicators. The DFA(detrended fluctuation analysis) which is included the correlation property of the EEG is used to analysis the depth of anesthesia and bispctrum index. In the results, at the pre-operation, the peak of bispectrum was widely distributed, DFA value was decreased. At the during operation, bispectrum was concentrically appeared in the low frequency area. At the post operation, bispectrum and DFA was both returned to the pre-operation state. As a result, we confirmed to be close correlation between the peaks of the bispectrum and DFA value.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.2491-2496
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• 2010

The DFA(detrended fluctuation analysis) which is included the correlation property of the EEG is used to analysis the depth of anesthesia. We studied ASA I or II adult patients supported by the society of anesthesiologists. Patients with history of dementia and neurological disorder are excluded. Average age is $48.9{\pm}10.9$ old, average weight is $57.1{\pm}8.2$ kg and average hight is $158{\pm}6.6$cm of the patients under the operation. Anesthesia medicine is Sevoflurane and the stages of anesthesia are 6 stages, that is pre-operation, induction, right after induction, stop the medicine and post-operation. Among the scaling exponent ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}2$, ${\alpha}3$ we know that ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}3$, were well appeared to discriminate pre-operation, induction, right after induction, stop the medicine and post-operation. So we confirmed that the parameters is useful to the depth of anesthesia.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.33-33
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• 2005

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-99
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• 2017

Medical practices such as surgery often need to accompany anesthesia, which frequently causes medical accidents. In order to determine whether a medical accident related to anesthesia was caused by a doctor's fault, it is necessary to understand what is the duty of care required for the medical staff such as a doctor through all stages of anesthesia. This paper analyzed Supreme Court decisions since 1990s and recent lower courts' decisions in order to understand standard of care with respect to anesthesia. While numerous medical accidents were related to inhalation anesthesia in the past, it turned out that recent medical accidents were often related to the use of intravenous or local anesthetics. In particular, legal disputes with respect to medical accidents related to propofol have considerably increased since 2007. However, because Supreme Court decisions as to anesthesia accidents are mostly related to inhalation anesthesia, they seem to be insufficient to set standard of care as to other types of anesthesia accidents. In light of the fact that medical accidents related to the use of propofol have been increasing, it is critical to establish and maintain clinical guidelines on the use of each anesthetic in the medical field. However, The Courts can present the standard of care suitable for medical reality to serve as a compass for medical practices.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1471-1476
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• 2015

Due to the anesthesia process is inappropriate on the operation, awakening state was appeared. To prevent the state, it is necessary to monitor the patients by measuring the depth of anesthesia. In this study, we investigate the possibility of the development of actual surgery available quantitative indicators. The DFA which is included the correlation property of the EEG is used to analysis the depth of anesthesia and bispctrum index. In the results, at the pre-operation, the peak of bispectrum was widely distributed, DFA value was decreased. At the during operation, bispectrum was concentrically appeared in the low frequency area. At the post operation, bispectrum and DFA was both returned to the pre-operation state. We confirmed to be close correlation between the peaks of the bispectrum and DFA value.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

Various parameters are used to measure anesthetic depth during surgery using brain waves, and in actual clinical use, the linear analysis SEF is widely used. However, with recent studies showing that biological signals including EEG, contain nonlinear properties interest in nonlinear analysis of brain signals is increasing and parameters based on these are being developed. In this study, we are going to develop a parameter that can measure EEG using the nonlinear analysis method and extract noise that can be mixed with external electronic equipment and EEG instrumentation by comparing it with the data from the bispectrum analysis of static waves.