• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.451-454
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• 2004

A total of forty male mice (32∼33 g average initial body weight) were used in a 10-d growth study to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast hydrolysate SCP-20 on reproductive function in male mice. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (basal diet) and 2) TRT (CON diet +1.5% yeast hydrolysate SCP-20). Testis weight of male mice fed TRT diets was higher than that of male mice fed CON diet (p<0.05). Also VSL was significantly (p<0.05) increased in male mice fed TRT diet compared to that in male mice fed CON diet. Male mice fed TRT diet showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in VAP (average-path velocity) and LIN (linearity) compared to male mice fed CON diet. Also, velocity of epididymal sperm of male mice fed TRT diets was higher than that of male mice fed CON diet (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results obtained from this trial suggests that the dietary yeast hydrolysate SCP-20 was an effective means of improving sperm velocity in male mice.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.39-44
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• 2014

In this paper, we study the light pen emulator implementation that can be used in industrial computer. For use in industrial control field, an input device of an industrial machine is an electronic pen is usually used, but now many cases, a light pen cannot be used to the computer. In this study, the light pen emulator to substitute for the function that is available to the peripheral device on the PC, now. So we want to increase the utilization of industrial computer in this research. The light pen emulator was designed by USB HOST, CPLD and MPU. Light pen signal, after interpret the input from the touch screen and mouse and USB system data, was output by calculating screen coordinates. As a result, we showed that it is possible to use the computer in a variety of industrial devices such as a mouse, digitizer, touch screen, stylus, and designed emulator.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.167-173
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• 2015

Extraction of Finger-end points is one of the most process for user multi-commands in the Hand-Gesture interface technology. However, most of previous works use the geometric and morphological method for extracting a finger-end points. Therefore, this paper proposes the method of user finger-end points extraction that is motivated a ultrared diffused illumination, which is used for the user commands in the multi-touch display device. Proposed air-mouse is worked by the quantity state and moving direction of extracted finger-end points. Also, our system includes a basic mouse event, as well as the continuous command function for expending a user multi-gesture. In order to evaluate the performance of the our proposed method, after applying to the web browser application as a command device. As a result, the proposed method showed the average 90% success-rate for the various user-commands.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2014

Almost of alternate computer access devices which assist people with disabilities to utilize the computer connected to computer by some cables or installed in as a S/W program. These devices have some spatial limitations to the people with disabilities, it can't guarantee the free and diverse access to the computer. For these reasons, in this paper, an Android-based mouse program for alternative computer access was developed. A people with physical disabilities who has some limitation of hand movements can use it in anywhere and anytime using only the fine motor skill of the upper limbs. The developed device recognizes the user's point touch and transforms it into the location of mouse cursor. The location information transferred to the computer via Bluetooth communication module equipped in smart devices. Also the group scanning method which can reduce the user's fatigue degree was employed and click, double click, drag & drop functions by hand's movements were equipped. The developed device will help the people with disabilities to use computer with brief touch and convenient operation without spatial limitation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1629-1636
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• 2015

The edible mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill is known to have many physiological functions, including antitumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects. Aqueous extracts were obtained by extracting A. blazei in water at $90^{\circ}C$ for 15 h, followed by spray-drying with dextran at a 70:30 ratio. In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory effect of A. blazei Murill water extract (ABM) in BALB/c mice. Mice were administered orally with 4, 20, and 100 mg/kg of ABM for 21 days. ABM-treated mice did not show significant differences in body and organ weights compare to saline-treated control mice. Splenocytes isolated from ABM-administered mice revealed similar levels of cellularity and proliferation compared to control mice, whereas they showed increased natural killer (NK) cell activity and decreased IL-4 and IL-12 production. Different from in vivo results, splenocytes isolated from normal mice showed increased proliferation and $INF-{\gamma}$ production following ABM treatment in vitro. In addition, ABM treatment enhanced macrophage proliferation and nitric oxide (NO) production in a dose-dependent manner. However, ABM had no effect on LPS-induced NO production. These results suggest that A. blazei modulates immune function by increasing NK cell activity and macrophage function.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 1994

The role of macrophages was observed In intranasally infected CSH/HeJ mice with trophozoites (3 ×105) of Acnnthomoeba culbertsoni which was a kind of free-living amoebae inducing meningoencephalitis in human and experimental animals. The mortality was 60% in the group of intraperitoneally injected mice with silica (0.5 mg/0.5 ml). It was much higher than that of 10% in the group of amoeba infected mice without silica administration. The phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages co-cultured with Toxoplasma gondii was estimated daily. In contrast to the control and amoeba infected group which didn't show significant fluctuation of the phagocytic indices, the silica administrated group revealed under 3% until day 3, and gradual increase up to 24.7% in day 5 which was same level of amoeba infected group without silica administration. The level of interleukin- lb (IL- lb) measured by ELISA was the highest in the amoeba infected group without silica injection and the lowest in the amoeba infected group with silica administration. In the test of the amoebicidal activity of mice peritoneal macrcphages Dl uitro, silica administration revealed reducing effect on amoebicidal activity of macrophages. In conclusion, macrophages were proven to play a significant role in defense mechanism against the development of experimentally induced Acnnthamoebo menigoencephalitis.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.591-604
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• 2020

The objectives of this study were to find out the best condition of extracting methods of limonene from citron and to determine effects of limonene on immune modulation activity by measuring cytokine secretion using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. When distilled water was used as a solvent instead of organic solvents to extract limonene from citron, addition of refluxing process to simultaneous steam distillation extraction method was found to be much effective in extracting limonene. However, it required longer extraction time than using other organic solvents. Limonene extracts showed increased IL-β and IL-6 but decreased the TNF-α gene expression in limonene concentration dependant manner. However oral administration of limonene extracts to mice did not influence significantly compared to control in in vivo experiment. It might be due to that the mice were kept in well controlled and complete environment. Limonene, a natural material from citron has been approved to have a immune-modulation activity in the present study and have a potential as a feed additive that is environmentally friendly and no harmful. Further study with protected limonene, for example, for the protection of limonene from oxidation or bypass the ruminal degradation in order consequently to increase immune-modulation activity might be useful as a further research.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.611-621
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• 2022

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used as control or vehicle solvent in preclinical research of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) due to its ability to dissolve lipophilic compounds and cross the blood brain barrier. However, the biochemical effects of DMSO on the outcomes of preclinical research are often overlooked. In the present study, we investigated whether the long-term oral administration of 5% DMSO affects the neurological, functional, and histological disease phenotype of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase glycine 93 to alanine mutation (SOD1-G93A) mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. SOD1-G93A transgenic mice showed shortened survival time and reduced motor function. We found that administration with DMSO led to increased mean survival time, reduced neurological scores, and improved motor performance tested using the rotarod and grip strength tests. On the other hand, DMSO treatment did not attenuate motor neuron loss in the spinal cord and denervation of neuromuscular junctions in the skeletal muscle. These results suggest that DMSO administration could improve the quality of life of the SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS without affecting motor neuron denervation. In conclusion, the use of DMSO as control or vehicle solvent in preclinical research may affect the behavioral outcomes in the SOD1-G93A mouse model. The effect of the vehicle should be thoroughly considered when interpreting therapeutic efficacy of candidate drugs in preclinical research.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.323-329
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• 2007

We investigated the immunomodulatory actions of water extract from Acanthopanax senticosus in male ICR mice. The mice were treated with fermented milk containing three added doses of freeze dried extract: 3 mg/kg (A), 9 mg/kg (B), and 27 mg/kg (C) of body weight with Acanthopanax senticosus: Codonopsis lanceolata (8:2) for 7 and 10 weeks, respectively. Organ weights, plaque-forming cell tests, agglutination tests, IgG tests, differential white cell counts, and histological tests were performed at the 7th and 10th weeks of dietary treatment. There were no significant differences in body weight and organ weight. The spleen indices of group B at 7 weeks and group C at 10 weeks were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). For the plaque-forming cell test, groups B and C at 7 weeks, and group C at 10 weeks, showed significant increases over the control group (p<0.05). The agglutination test decreased with an extended experimental period. Groups A, B, and C at 7 weeks, and groups B and C at 10 weeks, had greater antibody responses to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) than the control group. The IgG antibody production of group C at 7 weeks and groups B and C at 10 weeks were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). In groups B and C, lymphocyte percentage was higher than the control group, and their spleen and thymus tissues showed active immune reactions.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2007

We have investigated the immunomodulatory activity of water extracts of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. alveofructus in male ICR mice. Mice were administrated with fermented milk containing freeze-dried extract 3 mg/Kg (A), 9 mg/kg (B), 27 mg/Kg (C) per body weight with A. divaricatus var. alveofructus (loots : leaves : stem) : Codonopsis lanceolata = (5 : 2 : 1.5) : 1.5 for 7 and 10 weeks, respectively. Body weight, relative organ weight, cellularity of lymphoid organs, plaque- forming cell (PFC) assay, agglutination (AGG) test and lymphoproliferation were examined in various groups of animals. Any significant differences of body weight gain were not recorded in the tested ICR mice. There was significant different (p<0.05) in the spleen index in B group of 10 weeks and C group of 7 weeks fed mouse. The thymus gain weight was increased during administration of the extract, but there was no significant increase on other organs gain. Humoral immunity as measured by PFC showed more decreased PFC level in 10 weeks than in 7 weeks. In the HT, A. divaricatus var. albeofructus extract also showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in C group of 10 weeks. Administration of extracts from A. divaricatus var. albeofructus increased significantly in the production of IgG antibodies on the mice immunized with SRBC in B group of 7 and 10 weeks (p<0.05).