• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.905-914
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• 2023

To evaluate the effectiveness of the skin barrier improvement of lactic acid (LA) and gluconolactone (GL), the expression of filaggrin, loricrin, hyaluronic acid (HA), hyaluronan syhthase-2 (HAS2), and aquaporine-3 (AQP3) in keratinocytes, and the moisture content and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) by clinical trials were evaluated. The expression levels of filaggrin and locricrin, which are the main factors affecting the proper functioning of skin barrier function, and HA, HAS2, and AQP3, which are skin moisturizing-related proteins measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. The results showed that the expression levels of the factors that decreased by H2O2 treatment were significantly increased by LA, GL, and a mixture of LA and GL at the mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05). The nanoemulsion containing a mixture of LA and GL was prepared using the emulsion inversion method, and the average particle size was 299.9 ± 0.287 nm. After measuring the TEWL of nanoemulsion using Vapometer, it was found that TEWL significantly decreased by 15.53% and 26.73% after two weeks and four weeks of product use, respectively, compared to TEWL before product use (p<0.001). Similarly, the skin moisture content of the nanoemulsion significantly increased by 15.40% and 26.59% after two weeks and four weeks of product use, respectively, compared to skin moisture content before product use (p<0.001). Therefore, the skin barrier function and moisturizing effect of a mixture of LA and GL are shown by increasing the moisture content and decreasing the TEWL by increasing the expression of filaggrin, loricrin, HA, HAS2, and AQP3. This suggests the possibility for the development of functional cosmetic ingredients in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.54-62
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• 2020

Watching the leakage accident of the Gumi Hube Global AHF(Anhydrous fluoric Acid), I experienced how much chemical accidents affect on our society. Since then, many studies have been conducted on chemical accident in many fields. The use department wanted to find improvement plans for the process system and apply them to the field. The safety field wanted to study improvement of safety through the analysis of damage effects and apply them to emergency response to reduce damage effects. In this study, Mechanical safe devices have been applied which can respond quickly to chemical accidents occurring during the charging operation to enhance the safety of the AFH ISO Tank(Anhydrous fluoric Acid International Organization for Standardization Tank). Investigation of similar tanks confirmed that other chlorine tanks with the same working procedure as AHF ISO Tank have a mechanical safety device, EFV(Excess Flow Valve). Applicability and performance for emergency shutdown when EFV is introduced in AHF ISO Tank can be verified by comparing and examining the accident situation of Hube Global Accident and the accident in Ulsan 2018. Comparing accident cases, expected performance and applicability, It is suggested that EFV, a mechanical safety device that can reduce damage from chemical accidents to the tank and handle accidents early, should be introduced to the tank.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.91-97
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• 2019

The movie Lolita is directed by the famous director Stanley Kubrick in the United Kingdom in 1962. Due to the movie theme, it produced a great social dispute at that year. Lolita was Stanley Kubrick's first independently produced film. It tells the story of the abnormal love between Professor Humbert from Europe and his stepdaughter Lolita. Throughout the film, it shocked people by feeling honourable and aesthetic although the theme is about commit incest. The director also completely shown the social reality of the United States in a black humor irony method. By the meantime, the lush tragic feature of the film also strongly infects the audience. Current studies on the movie Lolita mainly focus on the following aspects: firstly, the black humor techniques of director Kubrick's movies, secondly, the parody techniques of the movie, and thirdly, the differences between the original novel Lolita and the adapted movie. In the American society where consumerism constitutes the mainstream, instead of sticking to traditional moral concepts, people pursue material enjoyment. Based on the consumerism theory, this paper analyzes the social reality revealed by the movie Lolita, presents such typical characteristics of the consumerist society as hedonism and broken family relations, and explains how the consumerist society leads to Lolita's tragic life.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2020

The effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the development of metachronous recurrence after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric adenoma is not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of H. pylori eradication after ER of gastric adenoma for the prevention of metachronous recurrence. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using the databases Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and KMBASE. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate this relationship. Pooled risk ratio for metachronous gastric lesions with regard to H. pylori eradication was calculated, and heterogeneity was also measured. Five eligible studies were finally identified in systematic review, and included in meta-analysis. H. pylori eradication was associated with overall 55% lower odds of metachronous events (RR=0.55; 95 % CI 0.34-0.92). Based on the best available evidence, eradication of H. pylori can also provide protection against metachronous recurrence after ER of gastric adenoma.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.241-246
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• 2015

Helicobacter pylori is an important transmissible human pathogen found on the luminal surface of the gastric epithelium. The organism can persist in the stomach indefinitely and causes gastroduodenal inflammation that may proceed to atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric MALT lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Standard triple therapy which consists of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) plus two antibiotics (amoxicillin and clarithromycin) is now generally used in Korea, however, eradication rates of H. pylori has been decreasing due to increasing antibiotic resistance. In this review, current second-line treatment regimens, difficult problems on treatment, necessity of local target therapy, applicability of clay minerals as a drug delivery system (DDS), and a new therapeutic strategy and its study plans will be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.4 s.33
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• pp.63-69
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• 2006

With the increased interest in reducing air pollution, supply of natural gas for gas vehicles is increasing. Thus, the number of establishments of LNG and CNG stations is increasing as well. However, due to major gas accidents such as the fire and explosion accident of a Bucheon LPG station in 1998, it is difficult to establish a new station. In this research, we conducted qualitative hazard analysis fer LCNG/LNG multi-station by using the K-PSR method and proposed recommendations for hazard mitigation.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.12-19
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• 2007

현재, 육지에서 필요한 천연 가스 (NG)의 얻기 위한 방법으로 공기 가열식 기화기의 사용이 증가하고 있다. 특히, 파이프라인에 의해 도달될 수 없는 거리가 멀리 떨어진 소외된 지역까지 보낼 수 있기 때문에 소형 위성기지의 역할은 대단히 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 소형 위성기지의 LNG는 인수기지에서 탱크로리를 이용하여 배달되고 그 후에 위성기지에서 기화과정을 통하여 각 수요처로 보내어진다. 공기 가열식 기화기는 LNG 인수기지 외의 소형 위성기지 단위에서 최근 많이 개발되고 사용되고 있는 기화기의 종류 중 하나라고 할 수 있다1). 효율적인 공기 가열식 기화기를 개발하기 위하여, 핀이 없는 경우와 핀이 8개이고 핀의 길이가 55 mm인 공기 가열식 기화기를 사용하여 실험을 진행하였고 그리고 나서 두 가지 유형의 기화기를 비교하였다. 실험조건은 기화기의 길이 변화와 여러 가지 주위 조건(온도, 습도, 풍속)을 변화하였다. 실험에 적용된 주위 온도는 각 계절별 온도와 동일한 온도를 적용하였다. 본 실험에서 나타내고자 한 공기가열식 기화기의 주요 특성은 각 계절별 조건에 따른 입구 측과 출구 측의 온도차를 비교하는 것이다. 액화천연가스(LNG)를 가지고 실험을 하는 것은 위험성이 있어 특성이 비슷하면서 안전한 $LN_2$를 사용하여 실험을 진행하여 핀을 가지는 기화기가 핀이 없는 기화기보다는 좋다는 결과를 확인할 수 있었다.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.315-332
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize how Parks recalling, deconstructing and reconstructing African-American memories of the absences in American history through a black Lincoln impersonator named, The Foundling Father or The Lesser Known. Parks unearths and reconstitutes a significance for the historical event of Lincoln's assassination by repetitive mimicry and verbal puns. As a pun of the Founding Father, the Foundling Father reminds us of Abraham Lincoln, one of the most venerated figures in American history. In the first act, the black Foundling Father performs as The Great Man. This inverted minstrel show of the black Foundling Father performing a white Lincoln exposes the desire of the Foundling Father to insert his narrative within the history of America. With a series of assassinations, the African-American performers figuratively murder the power and control of the American myth. In the second act, his wife Lucy and his son Brazil dig relics from the past out of 'The great hole of history' instead of the Foundling Father. Digging and burial for African-Americans are their livelihood and their calling as well. As Parks pointed out, they should locate the ancestral buried ground, dig for bones and find bones because so much of African-American history has been unrecorded, dismembered and washed out. Parks leaves the possibilities of digging and burying on the black history through Lucy and Brazil.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.1 s.30
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• pp.26-31
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• 2006

For the purpose of evaluating the availability of manifold safety devices installed in the LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) refuelling stations, the quantitative analysis of the frequency on BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) scenario was performed. The amount of frequency reduction was the way of assessing safety devices availability. In this analysis, we could find out what sorts of safety devices are essential to satisfy acceptable social risk criteria and are prioritized to install in the future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.381-385
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• 2012

We investigated the eradication rate and the adverse effects of combined treatment with western and oriental medication on Helicobacter pylori infected patients. We studied the eradication rate and the adverse effects of 1-week-triple therapy and 2-week-oriental medication(Banhasasimtang or Hyangsapeungeuysan) on Helicobacter pylori infected patients confirmed by urea breath test. Comparing 5 patients who took combined treatment with western and oriental medication, the results of this study showed that 4 patients got eradication effect of Helicobacter pylori with no influence on liver and kidney function. A patient had diarrhea and another patient had satiety after meals because of an adverse effect. Despite some possitive effect, the treatment did not make the Quality of Life improved. The findings of this study supports the adverse effects of combined treatment with western and oriental medication for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.