• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.213-226
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• 2003

The cure and rheological behavior of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F/nadic methyl anhydride resin system with the kinds of imidazole were studied using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a rotational rheometer. The isothermal traces were employed to analyze cure reaction. The DGEBF/ anhydride conversion profiles showed autocatalyzed reaction characterized by maximum conversion rate at $20{\sim}40 %$ of the reaction. The rate constants ($k_1,\;k_2$) showed temperature dependance, but reaction order did not. The reaction order (m+n) was calculated to be close to 3. There are two reaction mechanisms with the kinds oi catalyst. The gel time was determined by using G'-G" crossover method, and the activation energy was obtained from this results. From measurement of rheological properties it was found that the logarithmic 1:elation time of fused silica filled DBEBF epoxy compounds linearly increased with the content of filler and decreased with temperature. The highly filled epoxy compounds showed typical pseudoplastic behavior, and the viscosity of those decreased with increasing maximum packing ratio.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.1089-1096
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 에폭시/산무수물계에 화학양론비(r=산무수물/에폭시)를 0.5, 0.7,0.9,1.1로 변화시켜 서로 다른 두종류의 경화촉진제 1-cyanoethy1-2-ethy1-4-methy1 imidazole(2E4MZ-CN)과 N,N-dimethy1 benzy1 amine(BDMZ)을 첨가한 시료에 대한 경화거동과 경화 후 물성을 관찰하였다. 이 시료의 등온 경화거동은 동역학 측정기(dynamic mechanical analyzer, DMA)와 시차주사 열량분석기(differential scanning calorimeter, DSC)를 이용하여 조사하였다. DMA로부터 구해진 결과를 보면 경화시 상대저장강성을 (relative storage rigidity, RSR)과 상대손실강성율(relative loss rigidity, RSR)과 상대손실강성율(relative loss rigidity, RLR)의 변화가 r값과 경화촉진제의 종류에 영향을 받았다. 그리고 DSC결과는 r값이 감소함에 따라 경화가 촉진되는 것으로 나타났다. 경화물의 성질을 조사하기 위하여 사용된 DMA로부터 얻어진 유리전이온도(glass transition temperature, T$_{g}$)와 가교결합간의 평균분자량(average molecular weigh between crosslinks, M$_{c}$은 사용한 두 경화촉진제에 대하여 r값의 영향이 다르게 나타났다. BDMA의 경우는 T$_{g}$가 1:1화학양론비인 r=0.9에서 최고치를 보였으나, 2E4MZ-CN은 r이 감소함에 따라 계속 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 이와 같은 경향은 2E4MZ-CN을 경화촉진제로 사용하였을 때 에폭시가 과량으로 될수록 잔류 에폭시기들간의 에케르반응이 추가적으로 일어나 M$_{c}$가 감소하기 때문이다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.317-328
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• 2016

This research intends to understand the impact of super-absorbent polymer (SAP) as an internal curing agent in Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC). Two different types of SAPs of acrylic acid (SAP_AA) and acrylic acid-co-acrylamide (SAP_AM) were examined with UHPC formulation. Isothermal calorimetry and x-ray diffraction experiments revealed the impact of polymers with the different chemical bonds on cement hydration. To test its feasibility as a shrinkage reducing admixture for UHPC, a series of experiments including flowability, compressive strength, rapid chloride permeability and autogenous shrinkage profile was performed. While both SAPs showed a reduction in autogenous shrinkage, it has been concluded that the SAP size and chemical form significantly affect the performance as an internal curing agent in UHPC by controlling cement hydration and porosity modification. Between the tested SAPs, SAP_AM which absorbs more water in UHPC than SAP_AA, shows better mechanical and durability performance.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

The magnetized water is known to have a unique pattern of hydrogen bond between water molecules, thereby producing different physicochemical properties from the ordinary water. We have examined the effect of magnetized water on the change of critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of some surfactants. The CMC changes of SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) dissolved in the magnetized water have been determined by the conductivity measurement at $25\;{^{\circ}C}$ and that of SDS, CTAB and Pluronic F-68 have also been examined by the surface tension method at $25\;{^{\circ}C}$. The CMC variation of SDS was examined by ITC (Isothermal Titration Calorimeter) at $25\;{^{\circ}C}$. The CMC of SDS, CTAB, and Pluronic F-68 are more decreased in the magnetized water, SDS is about $2.7{\sim}6.5$25 %, CTAB is about $2.3{\sim}3.0$%, and Pluronic F-68 is about 24.2 %, than in the control water.

• Composites Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2018

The curing behavior of glass fiber reinforced epoxy prepregs based on Bisphenol-A (BPA) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The total heat of reaction(${\Delta}H_{total}=280.3J/g$) was determined based on the results of the dynamic heating scanning experiments. Isothermal experiments were carried out at $110{\sim}130^{\circ}C$, and it was observed that the maximum conversion and the maximum reaction rate were increased as temperature increased. Also Kamal equation was applied to analyze autocatalytic reaction of epoxy prepregs. The higher temperatures, the greater reaction rate constants ($k_1$, $k_2$). Theoretical values were calculated by these reaction rate constants and compared with experimental values. And it was confirmed that they were in reasonable agreement. At the beginning of the reaction, the experimental data and theoretical prediction were shown the same tendency, but at the end of reaction, the experimental data were smaller than theoretical predicted values due to reaction rates controlled by diffusion.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.219-226
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• 2020

Over the last decades, great efforts have been devoted to reuse industrial wastes and by-products from various industries as supplementary cementitious materials in order to reduce carbon dioxide(CO₂) emission by reducing the use of Portland cement in construction. Oyster shell waste, originating from the fishery industry, is available in huge quantities in certain areas, and is generally discarded or landfilled. In this study, we aimed to reuse oyster shell as an alternative to limestone in limestone calcined clay cement(LC³). The oyster shell calcined clay cement(OC³) paste were produced and were characterized via X-ray diffraction, isothermal calorimetry, compressive strength tests, and thermogravimetry. The results revealed that OC³ pastes exhibited similar strength development and reactivities by pozzolanic reaction with LC³, which implies that oyster shell could be used as a substitute for limestone in LC³.