• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.159-178
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• 2012

Since the suggestions on the paleo-glacial landforms in and around the northern high mountains of Korean Peninsula by some western and Japanese scientists in the early 1900s, the likelihood of the glacier existence in the Baekdusan over the Quaternary glacial period has been had in common among most of the Korean geomorphologists. In the other meaning, some have cast doubt on the likelihood the paleo-glacier in the Baekdusan because there has been no unequivocal evidences for the glacier such as striation, moraines, except morphologic characteristic landforms possibly related to glacier. Here we show some evidences for the existence of the glacier in the Baekdusan and their cosmogenic $^{36}Cl$ exposure ages over the late Quaternary and would put forward a model on the Quaternary landscape evolution of the Baekdusan, with a focus on the relationship of 1000 AD explosive eruption and the glacial landforms. The exposure ages constrained by cosmogenic $^{36}Cl$ abundances of the col surface of the western slope located below the glacier yield 46~26 ka, which is inphase with the last glacial period. Given all the evidences above, we can draw a conclusion that the glacier existed on the Baekdusan over the late Quaternary and the style of glaciation changed from extensive ice cap through valley glacier to restricted cirque.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2018

The Northeast China is an important site geologically and geophysically because of a huge volcano called Mt. Baekdu, which is one of the largest volcanoes in the world. Signs of eruption have been recently observed and people are keen to its behavior. We carried out relative travel time tomography to investigate the velocity structure between 100 ~ 600 km depth beneath Northeast China. We used teleseismic data during 2009 ~ 2011 recorded in NecessArray provided by IRIS (Incorporated Research Institute for Seismology). The relative observations were obtained by using the multi-channel cross-correlation method. Based on the tomographic results, we observed that the locations beneath which low-velocity zones are observed coincide with the locations of several volcanic regions in Northeast China. A low-velocity anomaly is revealed beneath Mt. Baekdu down to 600 km depth, which is thought to the main origin of the magma supply for Mt. Baekdu. Another low velocity anomaly is observed beneath east of the Datong volcano down to around 300 km depth, which is inferred to be related to an upwelling from deep mantle. We observed a low velocity anomaly beneath the Wudalianchi volcano down to around 200 km depth, which may imply that this volcano has been formed by an upwelling from the asthenosphere.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.133-146
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• 2014

There are many studies for the economic impact assessment of natural disasters, but there are few for volcanic disasters. Domestic academic research is not under active discussion because of the lack of national and social interest for volcanic eruption. This study investigated the research methodology for the economic impact assessment of natural disasters and discussed whether these can be applied to the economic impact analysis for the Baekdu Mountain volcanic disaster. The main findings are as follows: Firstly, Asia-Pacific region is the most affected by natural disasters and has the largest scale of damage. Asian and American Continent have the most economic damage. Secondly, Considering the types of damage caused by natural disasters and its complex structure, several methodologies that could be possible to estimate economic consequential damages have been compared. When applying each methodology to the Baekdu Mountain volcanic disaster, the scale of damage is likely to be over-estimated or under-estimated because of model-specific features. Thus, estimated values should be compared to each other after calculating the damage results. Thirdly, Japanese academic research on the volcanic disaster will be used as the starting point of the economic impact assessment studies for Baekdu Mountain. Using computer SW such as Hazus which is used in United States and RiskScape from New Zealand is also a good method to predict economic impact of the Baekdu Mountain volcanic disaster.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2017

Mt. Baekdu which located the border of North Korea and China, is known as a potentially active volcano in a typical mountainous terrain. A lahar on the volcanic area is one of the important hazard that can cause the loss of life and property damage. In order to comprehensively address the impact of lahar hazard at Mt. Baekdu, we simulated lahar inundation area using Laharz_py. We assumed 750 m of additional elevation for DEM to draw proximal hazard zone boundary (PHZB) of Mt. Baekdu that H/L ratio are selected 0.10. And lahar volumes for simulation were estimated to $1{\times}10^6$, $5{\times}10^6$, $1{\times}10^7$, $5{\times}10^7$, $1{\times}10^8$, $5{\times}10^8$, $1{\times}10^9m^3$, respectively. In the results, 15 streams are located near a proximal hazard zone boundary, Amnok (Yalu) river (south), Toudaosonghua river, Jinjiang river and Huapi river (west-southwest), Songjiang river, Xiaosha river, Caozi river and Sandaosongjian river (west-northwest), Toudaobai river, Erdaobai river and Sandabai river (north), Wudaobai river-1, -2, -3 (northeast) and Duman (Tumen) river (east). The results of this study can be used as basic data to make a hazard map for reduce the damage that can be caused by volcanic hazards occurred on Mt. Baekdu.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.311-325
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• 2017

Peridotite xenoliths in middle Miocene alkaline basalt from the Mt. Baekdu area are mainly anhydrous spinel lherzolites, displaying coarse-grained protogranular texture. These xenoliths have late-stage secondary orthopyroxene replacing olivine as the metasomatic mineral and glass formed along the grain boundaries. The studied xenoliths are characterized by the high $Mg{\sharp}[=100{\times}Mg/(Mg+Fe_{total})$ atomic ratio] of olivine, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene (89~92) and the $Cr{\sharp}[=100{\times}Cr/(Cr+Al)$ atomic ratio] of spinel (10~29). Based on major-element data, the studied xenoliths are similar to those from the abyssal peridotites. Clinopyroxenes of the xenoliths are mostly enriched in incompatible trace elements, exhibiting two types of REE patterns: (1) LREE-depleted with $(La/Yb)_N$ of 0.1~0.2 and $(La/Ce)_N$ of 0.4~0.8. (2) LREE enriched with $(La/Yb)_N$ of 2.2~3.8 and $(La/Ce)_N$ of 1.2~1.6. The calculated equilibrium temperatures and oxygen fugacities resulted in $920{\sim}1050^{\circ}C$ and ${\Delta}fO_2(QFM)=-0.8{\sim}0.2$, respectively. It is suggested that the Mt. Baekdu peridotite xenoliths represent residues left after variable degrees of melt extraction(less than 15 vol%), which was subsequently subjected to different degrees of modal/cryptic metasomatism by silica- and LREE-enriched fluids (or melts).

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 한국유통학회 1999년도 공동추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.179-214
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• 1999

현대화된 새로운 개념의 패션쇼핑몰(Fashion Shopping Mall)이 동대문 시장을 중심으로 속속 개발되면서 국내 유통시장의 큰 변화와 함께 동대문 드림의 신화를 탄생시켰다. 특히 '98. 8. 밀리오레와 '99. 2. 두산타워의 등장은 도,소매가 혼재된 젊음의 패션특구로 신세대의 폭발적인 인기에 힘입어 기존 백화점과 의류 군집상가 등을 위협하는 존재가 되고 있다. 동대문의 재래의류시장 재개발(redevelopment) 붐은 동대문 상권을 도매기능은 동부의 디자이너 클럽, 팀 204 등이 주도하고 있으며, 소비자에게 널리 알려진 서부의 소매상권은 밀리오레, 두산타워, 프레야타운이 함께 트리오 시대를 열어가고 있다. (중략)

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2009

현재 선진업체들은 성능과 구조적으로 경쟁력 있는 산업용 가스터빈 압축기를 설계하기 위하여 항공기용 압축기 설계기술을 전용하고 있다. 따라서 두산중공업은 DGT-5 압축기 익형설계를 위해 항공용 익형설계에 적용되는 S-Profile 설계기술을 활용하여 설계하였으며 현재 DGT-5 압축기에 대한 1차 성능시험이 완료되어 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다. 그리고 DGT-5 압축기는 추후 두산중공업 파생형 가스터빈 압축기의 기본압축기로 활용할 계획이다.

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
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• 한국동굴학회 1994년도 제 6차 국제학술회 ASIA 동굴 SIMPOSIUM
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• pp.76-77
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• 1994

한반도는 지질적으로 안정된 지괴를 유지하고 있기 때문에 활화산이 없고 화산지형도 극히 제한된 지역에 분포하고 있다. 지질사적으로 중생대 이전의 화산활동을 제외하면, 주로 현지 표면상에 나타나는 화산활동의 흔적에 의한 지형들은 대개 신생대 제3기의 주요 화산활동으로써 백두산(2744m), 무두봉(1930m), 대연시봉(2360m), 북포태산(2289m), 남포태산(2435m), 소연지봉(2123m), 관모봉(1387m), 소배산(2174m), 두류산(2309m), 칠보산(906m) 등이 백두산 화산대(그림 1)의 열하를 따라 남동쪽 설령(2442m), 만탑산(2205m) 과거의 일직선상의 수많은 분출공에서 유동성이 큰 현무암의 분출이 있었다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
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• 한국동굴학회 1994년도 제 6차 국제학술회 ASIA 동굴 SIMPOSIUM
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• pp.125-125
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• 1994

1. 위치: 백두산 녹명봉 북쪽 4 km 되는 산비탈에 있다. 해발고도는 1900 m 로서 고산태원대에 자리 잡고 있다. 2. 형태: 동굴 어구에는 장원형으로 된 저지가 있는데 동서 길이는 4 m, 남북 길이는 3 m 이다. 이곳으로부터 2.2 m 아래에 동굴로 들어가는 통로가 있는데 길이 1.2 m, 높이 0.7 m 이고 이곳으로부터 동굴 바닥까지는 1.3 m 이다. 동굴의 크기는 높이 1-3.5 m 남북 36 m 동서 8-11 m 이고 면적은 300여 평방 m 가 된다.(중략)

• The Science & Technology
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• 제34권1호통권380호
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• pp.42-43
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• 2001

조선조 숙종때의 역관 김지남은 화약제조법을 다룬 무기관련책, "신전자초방"을 남겼으며 일본을 다녀와 쓴 개행문 "통문관지"를 펴내기도 했다. 그가 도입한 새 화약 제조법은 재료를 아무데서나 구입할 수 있고 제품을 오래 보관할 수 있으면서도 재료가 적게들어 비용이 절약된다는 장점을 갖고 있었다. 그는 또 1712년 중국에서 파견된 목극등과 함께 백두산에 가서 측량하여 우리나라와 중국의 국경을 확정짓고 '백두산 정계비'를 세우기도 했다.