• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.117-127
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• 1991

When open reduction of maxilla fractures is postponed due to concurrent life-threatening injuries, delayed union may result with malunion or nonunion. If delayed malunion is occurred, significant facial deformity may result, including a dished-out face, irregular retromaxillism with Angle's class III malocclusion, open anterior bite, nasal collapse, telecanthus and malar flattening. The treatment planning for this problem includes cephalometric evaluation anterior and lateral tomograms, dental casts, orthodontic planning, dental planning and use of impression tray to rupture the fibrous tissue casts, orthodontic planning, dental planning and use of impression tray to rupture the fibrous tissue attachment at the fracture site. In this paper, one case presented a 58-year-old female patient with maxilla retrusion after comminuted fracture, who was treated with orthodontic methods of maxillary protraction headgear and Plaster headcap, whereas the other two cases were about male patients who were treated principally with surgically open reduction or Le Fort I-controlled transverse osteotomy with iliac bone graft.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2011

모발(human hair)은 양모섬유와 마찬가지로 시스틴을 많이 함유하고 있는 섬유상 케라틴 단백질로써, 두부(頭部)를 보호할 뿐만아니라 신체에 필요하지 않는 중금속을 체외로 방출하는 기능을 지닌 신체의 일부분이다. 또한 모발은 미(美)와 관련하여 가장 관심을 가지는 부분이며, 다양한 방법으로 모발에 변화를 주어 신분을 표시하거나 자신의 미적 표현을 하고 있다. 퍼머넌트 웨이브는 모발에 형태학적 변화를 주는 유효한 수단이며, 염색과 탈색 등은 색상 변화를 주는 중요한 수단이다. 본 연구 에서는 모발을 산성염료로 염색할 때 염색성을 향상시키기 위하여 염색보조제로써 벤질알콜 등을 첨가하여 염색할 때 염색된 모발의 염착량, 보습성, 단백질 유출성, 주사전자 현미경 관찰을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 염색시간이 길어지고, 염색온도가 높아질수록 모발에의 염착량은 증가하며, 특히 벤질 알콜을 첨가하여 염색하는 경우에는 빠른 시간내에 염착평형에 도달하고 비교적 낮은 염색온도에서도 높은 염착량을 나타내었다. 2) 이와같은 용매 첨가의 효과는 염액에 계면활성제와 함께 첨가하여 염색하면 나타나지 않았다. 3) 염색시간이 길어질수록 모발의 보습성은 열악해지지만, 벤질 알콜을 첨가하여 염색하는 경우에는 오히려 보습성이 증가하였다. 또한 염색시간이 길어지면 모발의 단백질 유출성은 증가하지만, 벤질 알콜을 첨가하여 염색하는 경우에는 오히려 단백질 유출성이 감소하였다. 이와같은 결과는 벤질 알콜을 첨가하여 염색하는 경우에 모발의 손상이 적다는 것을 의미한다. 4) 모발의 손상정도에 대한 주사전자현미경의 측정결과는 벤질 알콜의 첨가여부에 따라 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.183-198
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• 2000

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate alterations of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR), and correlation between these alternations and cognitive dysfunction in patients with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) and normal brain MRI findings. Materials and Methods: Thirty TBI patients and 19 healthy volunteers underwent rest/acetazolamide brain SPECT using Tc-99m HMPAO. Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale test was also performed in the patient group. Statistical analysis was performed with statistical parametric mapping software (SPM'97) Results: CBF was diminished in the left hemisphere including Wernicke's area in all patients with lower verbal scale scores. In addition, a reduction in CBF in the right frontal, temporal and parietal cortices was related with depressed scores in information, digital span, arithmetic and similarities. In patients with lower performance scale scores, CBF was mainly diminished in the right hemisphere including superior temporal and supramarginal gyri, premotor, primary somatomotor and a part of prefrontal cortices, left frontal lobe and supramarginal gyrus. CVR was diminished in sixty-four Brodmann's areas compared to control. A reduction in CVR was demonstrated bilaterally in the frontal and temporal lobes in patients with lower scores in both verbal and performance tests, and in addition, both inferior parietal and occipital lobes in information subset. Conclusion: Alterations of CBF and CVR were demonstrated in the symptomatic TBI patients with normal MRI finding. These alterations were correlated with the change of intelligence, of which the complex functions are subserved by multiple interconnected cortical structures.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2009

Objectives: Seminal concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) relevant to sperm nuclear DNA integrity has not been studied. The present study aimed to evaluate seminal concentration of TNF-${\alpha}$ in correlation with sperm parameters and nuclear DNA integrity in asymptomatic healthy donors. Methods: Semen samples were obtained by masturbation from forty-five healthy donors. Results: Sperm quality was assessed by computer-assisted semen analysis and nuclear DNA integrity measured by the TUNEL assay in raw semen. TNF-${\alpha}$ concentrations were measured by ELISA in frozen-thawed seminal plasmas. Sperm DNA fragmentation rates were ranged between 1.9% and 53.0% (mean${\pm}$SD, 12.4${\pm}$9.6%). Univariate analysis revealed that DNA fragmentation rate was not associated with sperm concentration or motility but had a correlation with linearity negatively (r=-0.325, p=0.03) and age positively (r=0.484, p=0.001). The mean seminal concentration of TNF-${\alpha}$ was 4.9 pg/mL with a range from 1.1 to 22.6 pg/mL. The TNF-${\alpha}$ concentration had no correlation with clinically relevant parameters of sperm quality or nuclear DNA fragmentation rate. Conclusion: Our results indicate that sperm nuclear DNA fragmentation may be not associated with seminal TNF-${\alpha}$ level or sperm quality in asymptomatic healthy donors.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Objectives: Delirium after head trauma results in various cognitive and behavioral dysfunction. This study aimed at developing and validating a predicitive model for clinical improvement after delirium based on precipitating factors during hospitalization Method: Data were collected on 45 patients who developed delirium after head trauma using 5 year retrospective design, based on reviews of medical charts including psychiatric consultation reports. The differences of the group who sustained residual symptoms of delirium(The RS group) and the group of full recovery(The FR group) at 4 week follow-up visits were compared by motoric type of delirium, socio-demographic variables, neuroimaging variables and clinical variables of interest. Result: There was significant difference in reason for initial consultation between two groups, in terms of hyperactivity(p<.01). The presence of compensation claim, subcortical gray matter lesion was significantly associated with the RS group(p<.05). Total length of intensive care unit(ICU) admission and of hospital stay were significantly longer in RS group than FR group(p<.01). Conclusion: This study shows that hyperactivity on initial consultation, compensation claims, specific brain lesion were altogether significant factors in explaining prolonged duration of delirium after head trauma. A simple predictive model based on the presence of precipitating factors might be used to identify delirious patients at high risk for prolonged cognitive dysfunction. Early psychiatric intervention would be required for evaluating efficacious management and shortening admission period.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2006

Purpose: Traumatic head injury is very common in the emergency room. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce mortality and morbidity. When diagnosis is delayed, however, it could be critical to the patients. In reality, it is difficult to take a brain CT for all patients with head trauma, so this study examined the relationship between type and size of scalp injury and intracranial injury. Methods: This prospective study was conducted from May 2005 to July 2005. The participants were 193 patients who had had a brain CT. Head trauma included obvious external injury or was based on reports of witnesses to the accident. Children under three years of age were also included if there was a witness to the accident. The size of the injury was measured based on the maximum diameter. Results: Out of the total of 193 patients, patients with scalp bleeding totaled 126 (65.2%), and patients without scalp bleeding totaled 67 (34.8%). Among patients with scalp bleeding, patients with intracranial injuries numbered nine, and among patients without scalp bleeding, patients with intracranial injuries numbered 17 (P=0.001). Among patients who showed evidence of scalp swelling with no scalp bleeding, the relationship between the size of the scalp swelling and intracranial injury was statistically significant when the size of the scalp swelling was between 2 cm and 5 cm. Conclusion: Among patients who visit an emergency medical center due to traumatic head injury, patients with no scalp bleeding, but with scalp swelling between 2 cm and 5 cm, should undergone more accurate and careful examination, as well as as a brain CT.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.125-130
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• 2002

This study was applied using vojta therapy in the patient with hydrocephalus occurred by on traumatic brain injury. Vojta treatment was a recently developed of the brain damage patient treatment which can be applied eariler than the other traditional methods. The results were as follows. 1. Hip joint flexion contracture from $100^{\circ}$ to $15^{\circ}$ was improved on prone position. 2. Left convexity curve on thracolumbar region due to functional scoliosis the normal aligment. 3. The thumb finger was changed from thumb-in to thumb-out. 4. Right tilted pelvis on prone position became the normal symmetry

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2004

Delirium is a acute syndrome of disorientation caused by dysfunction of brain tissue and has a many varied symtome. It is characteristic of consciousness distrubance with disorientation and dys-mnesia and emotional distrubance. We experienced a 66 year-old man who had a hydrocephalus and hypertension as well as Delirium caused by cranial trauma, and whose condition was improved through Oriental medical treatment. This case study illustrates what the manifestation of Delirium caused by cranial trauma and drug abuse etc. is and how Delirium improved.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.1055-1058
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• 2021

2019년 산업재해 현황 분석 결과 복장, 보호구의 잘못 사용으로 사고가 발생한 비율이 20%로 높은 비율을 차지했고, 전체 사고자 중 두부 손상을 입은 비율이 41%로 가장 높은 비율을 보였다[1]. 고용 노동부가 발표한 '건설현장 추락위험 일제점검 결과(2021.7)'에서는 안전모 미착용 근로자가 32.6%를 차지하였다[2]. 우리는 ICT기술을 활용해 안전모의 기능개선 가능성을 확인하였고, 안전사고를 예방하고, 빠르게 감지할 수 있는 스마트 안전모를 개발하고자 하였다. 그리고 본 연구를 통해 IoT 센서들과 딥러닝 영상분석을 이용한 스마트 안전모 서비스는 작업 전 부정착용 방지, 작업 중 위험감지, 사고 발생 시 빠른 감지를 통한 신속한 대처를 목표로 하여, 안전한 작업환경을 만들 수 있는 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.804-810
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• 1998

Background: Multiple trauma patients have rapidly increased due to traffic accidents, industrial disasters, incidental accidents, and violence. Multiple trauma can involve injuries to the heart, lung, and great vessels and influence the lives, necessitate prompt diagnosis and treatment. Most of the thoracic injuries can be managed with conservative method and simple surgical procedures, such as closed thoracostomy, but in certain cases open thoracotomy is necessary. Materials and methods: The author analyzed the surgical result of 70 cases of open thoracotomy after multiple organ injury including thoracic organ. Results: The most common type of thoracic lesion was hemothorax with or without pneumothorax and diaphragmatic rupture was the second. Sixty percent of the patients were associated with bone fractures, 42.9% with abdominal injuries, and 37.1% with head injuries. The modes of operation were ligations of torn vessels for bleeding control(48.6%), repair of diaphragm(35.7%), and repair of lung laceration(25.7%) in this order of frequency and additional procedures were splenectomy(14.3%), hepatic lobectomy (8.6%) and repair of liver lacerations(5.7%). Postoperative complications were atelectasis (8.6%), wound infection (8.6%), and pneumonia(4.3%). Postoperatively six patients died(The mortality rate was 8.6%) and the causes of death were respiratory failure(2), acute renal failure(2), sepsis(1), and hypovolemic shock(1).